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/**
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* File: array_queue.kt
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* Created Time: 2024-01-25
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* Author: curtishd (1023632660@qq.com)
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*/
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package chapter_stack_and_queue
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/* 基于环形数组实现的队列 */
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class ArrayQueue(capacity: Int) {
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private val nums: IntArray = IntArray(capacity) // 用于存储队列元素的数组
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private var front: Int = 0 // 队首指针,指向队首元素
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private var queSize: Int = 0 // 队列长度
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/* 获取队列的容量 */
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fun capacity(): Int {
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return nums.size
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}
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/* 获取队列的长度 */
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fun size(): Int {
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return queSize
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}
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/* 判断队列是否为空 */
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fun isEmpty(): Boolean {
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return queSize == 0
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}
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/* 入队 */
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fun push(num: Int) {
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if (queSize == capacity()) {
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println("队列已满")
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return
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}
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// 计算队尾指针,指向队尾索引 + 1
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// 通过取余操作实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部
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val rear = (front + queSize) % capacity()
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// 将 num 添加至队尾
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nums[rear] = num
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queSize++
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}
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/* 出队 */
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fun pop(): Int {
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val num = peek()
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// 队首指针向后移动一位,若越过尾部,则返回到数组头部
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front = (front + 1) % capacity()
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queSize--
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return num
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}
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/* 访问队首元素 */
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fun peek(): Int {
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if (isEmpty()) throw IndexOutOfBoundsException()
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return nums[front]
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}
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/* 返回数组 */
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fun toArray(): IntArray {
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// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素
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val res = IntArray(queSize)
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var i = 0
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var j = front
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while (i < queSize) {
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res[i] = nums[j % capacity()]
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i++
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j++
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}
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return res
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}
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}
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/* Driver Code */
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fun main() {
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/* 初始化队列 */
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val capacity = 10
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val queue = ArrayQueue(capacity)
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/* 元素入队 */
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queue.push(1)
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queue.push(3)
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queue.push(2)
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queue.push(5)
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queue.push(4)
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println("队列 queue = ${queue.toArray().contentToString()}")
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/* 访问队首元素 */
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val peek = queue.peek()
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println("队首元素 peek = $peek")
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/* 元素出队 */
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val pop = queue.pop()
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println("出队元素 pop = ${pop},出队后 queue = ${queue.toArray().contentToString()}")
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/* 获取队列的长度 */
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val size = queue.size()
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println("队列长度 size = $size")
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/* 判断队列是否为空 */
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val isEmpty = queue.isEmpty()
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println("队列是否为空 = $isEmpty")
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/* 测试环形数组 */
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for (i in 0..9) {
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queue.push(i)
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queue.pop()
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println("第 $i 轮入队 + 出队后 queue = ${queue.toArray().contentToString()}")
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}
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}
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