hello-algo/codes/python/chapter_backtracking/subset_sum_i_naive.py

"""
File: subset_sum_i_naive.py
Created Time: 2023-06-17
Author: krahets (krahets@163.com)
"""


def backtrack(
    state: list[int],
    target: int,
    total: int,
    choices: list[int],
    res: list[list[int]],
):
    """回溯算法：子集和 I"""
    # 子集和等于 target 时，记录解
    if total == target:
        res.append(list(state))
        return
    # 遍历所有选择
    for i in range(len(choices)):
        # 剪枝：若子集和超过 target ，则跳过该选择
        if total + choices[i] > target:
            continue
        # 尝试：做出选择，更新元素和 total
        state.append(choices[i])
        # 进行下一轮选择
        backtrack(state, target, total + choices[i], choices, res)
        # 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态
        state.pop()


def subset_sum_i_naive(nums: list[int], target: int) -> list[list[int]]:
    """求解子集和 I（包含重复子集）"""
    state = []  # 状态（子集）
    total = 0  # 子集和
    res = []  # 结果列表（子集列表）
    backtrack(state, target, total, nums, res)
    return res


"""Driver Code"""
if __name__ == "__main__":
    nums = [3, 4, 5]
    target = 9
    res = subset_sum_i_naive(nums, target)

    print(f"输入数组 nums = {nums}, target = {target}")
    print(f"所有和等于 {target} 的子集 res = {res}")
    print(f"请注意，该方法输出的结果包含重复集合")