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/**
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* File: subset_sum_i.cs
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* Created Time: 2023-06-25
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* Author: hpstory (hpstory1024@163.com)
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*/
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namespace hello_algo.chapter_backtracking;
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public class subset_sum_i {
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/* 回溯演算法:子集和 I */
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void Backtrack(List<int> state, int target, int[] choices, int start, List<List<int>> res) {
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// 子集和等於 target 時,記錄解
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if (target == 0) {
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res.Add(new List<int>(state));
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return;
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}
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// 走訪所有選擇
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// 剪枝二:從 start 開始走訪,避免生成重複子集
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for (int i = start; i < choices.Length; i++) {
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// 剪枝一:若子集和超過 target ,則直接結束迴圈
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// 這是因為陣列已排序,後邊元素更大,子集和一定超過 target
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if (target - choices[i] < 0) {
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break;
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}
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// 嘗試:做出選擇,更新 target, start
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state.Add(choices[i]);
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// 進行下一輪選擇
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Backtrack(state, target - choices[i], choices, i, res);
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// 回退:撤銷選擇,恢復到之前的狀態
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state.RemoveAt(state.Count - 1);
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}
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}
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/* 求解子集和 I */
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List<List<int>> SubsetSumI(int[] nums, int target) {
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List<int> state = []; // 狀態(子集)
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Array.Sort(nums); // 對 nums 進行排序
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int start = 0; // 走訪起始點
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List<List<int>> res = []; // 結果串列(子集串列)
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Backtrack(state, target, nums, start, res);
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return res;
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}
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[Test]
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public void Test() {
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int[] nums = [3, 4, 5];
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int target = 9;
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List<List<int>> res = SubsetSumI(nums, target);
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Console.WriteLine("輸入陣列 nums = " + string.Join(", ", nums) + ", target = " + target);
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Console.WriteLine("所有和等於 " + target + " 的子集 res = ");
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foreach (var subset in res) {
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PrintUtil.PrintList(subset);
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}
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}
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}
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