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hello-algo/codes/python/chapter_searching/binary_search.py

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"""
File: binary_search.py
Created Time: 2022-11-26
Author: timi (xisunyy@163.com)
"""
def binary_search(nums: list[int], target: int) -> int:
""" 二分查找(双闭区间) """
# 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1] ,即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素
i, j = 0, len(nums) - 1
while i <= j:
m = (i + j) // 2 # 计算中点索引 m
if nums[m] < target: # 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中
i = m + 1
elif nums[m] > target: # 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中
j = m - 1
else:
return m # 找到目标元素,返回其索引
return -1 # 未找到目标元素,返回 -1
def binary_search1(nums: list[int], target: int) -> int:
""" 二分查找(左闭右开) """
# 初始化左闭右开 [0, n) ,即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素+1
i, j = 0, len(nums)
# 循环,当搜索区间为空时跳出(当 i = j 时为空)
while i < j:
m = (i + j) // 2 # 计算中点索引 m
if nums[m] < target: # 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j) 中
i = m + 1
elif nums[m] > target: # 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m) 中
j = m
else: # 找到目标元素,返回其索引
return m
return -1 # 未找到目标元素,返回 -1
""" Driver Code """
if __name__ == '__main__':
target: int = 6
nums: list[int] = [1, 3, 6, 8, 12, 15, 23, 67, 70, 92]
# 二分查找(双闭区间)
index: int = binary_search(nums, target)
print("目标元素 6 的索引 = ", index)
# 二分查找(左闭右开)
index: int = binary_search1(nums, target)
print("目标元素 6 的索引 = ", index)