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/**
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* File: array_binary_tree.js
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* Created Time: 2023-08-06
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* Author: yuan0221 (yl1452491917@gmail.com)
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*/
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const { arrToTree } = require('../modules/TreeNode');
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const { printTree } = require('../modules/PrintUtil');
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/* 陣列表示下的二元樹類別 */
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class ArrayBinaryTree {
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#tree;
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/* 建構子 */
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constructor(arr) {
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this.#tree = arr;
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}
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/* 串列容量 */
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size() {
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return this.#tree.length;
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}
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/* 獲取索引為 i 節點的值 */
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val(i) {
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// 若索引越界,則返回 null ,代表空位
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if (i < 0 || i >= this.size()) return null;
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return this.#tree[i];
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}
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/* 獲取索引為 i 節點的左子節點的索引 */
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left(i) {
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return 2 * i + 1;
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}
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/* 獲取索引為 i 節點的右子節點的索引 */
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right(i) {
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return 2 * i + 2;
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}
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/* 獲取索引為 i 節點的父節點的索引 */
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parent(i) {
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return Math.floor((i - 1) / 2); // 向下整除
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}
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/* 層序走訪 */
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levelOrder() {
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let res = [];
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// 直接走訪陣列
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for (let i = 0; i < this.size(); i++) {
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if (this.val(i) !== null) res.push(this.val(i));
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}
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return res;
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}
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/* 深度優先走訪 */
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#dfs(i, order, res) {
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// 若為空位,則返回
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if (this.val(i) === null) return;
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// 前序走訪
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if (order === 'pre') res.push(this.val(i));
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this.#dfs(this.left(i), order, res);
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// 中序走訪
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if (order === 'in') res.push(this.val(i));
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this.#dfs(this.right(i), order, res);
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// 後序走訪
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if (order === 'post') res.push(this.val(i));
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}
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/* 前序走訪 */
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preOrder() {
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const res = [];
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this.#dfs(0, 'pre', res);
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return res;
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}
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/* 中序走訪 */
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inOrder() {
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const res = [];
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this.#dfs(0, 'in', res);
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return res;
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}
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/* 後序走訪 */
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postOrder() {
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const res = [];
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this.#dfs(0, 'post', res);
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return res;
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}
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}
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/* Driver Code */
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// 初始化二元樹
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// 這裡藉助了一個從陣列直接生成二元樹的函式
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const arr = Array.of(
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1,
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2,
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3,
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4,
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null,
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6,
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7,
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8,
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9,
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null,
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null,
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12,
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null,
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null,
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15
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);
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const root = arrToTree(arr);
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console.log('\n初始化二元樹\n');
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console.log('二元樹的陣列表示:');
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console.log(arr);
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console.log('二元樹的鏈結串列表示:');
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printTree(root);
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// 陣列表示下的二元樹類別
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const abt = new ArrayBinaryTree(arr);
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// 訪問節點
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const i = 1;
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const l = abt.left(i);
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const r = abt.right(i);
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const p = abt.parent(i);
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console.log('\n當前節點的索引為 ' + i + ' ,值為 ' + abt.val(i));
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console.log(
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'其左子節點的索引為 ' + l + ' ,值為 ' + (l === null ? 'null' : abt.val(l))
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);
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console.log(
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'其右子節點的索引為 ' + r + ' ,值為 ' + (r === null ? 'null' : abt.val(r))
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);
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console.log(
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'其父節點的索引為 ' + p + ' ,值為 ' + (p === null ? 'null' : abt.val(p))
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);
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// 走訪樹
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let res = abt.levelOrder();
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console.log('\n層序走訪為:' + res);
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res = abt.preOrder();
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console.log('前序走訪為:' + res);
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res = abt.inOrder();
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console.log('中序走訪為:' + res);
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res = abt.postOrder();
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console.log('後序走訪為:' + res);
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