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hello-algo/codes/go/chapter_tree/binary_search_tree.go

167 lines
3.4 KiB

// File: binary_search_tree.go
// Created Time: 2022-11-26
// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
package chapter_tree
import (
"sort"
. "github.com/krahets/hello-algo/pkg"
)
type binarySearchTree struct {
root *TreeNode
}
func newBinarySearchTree(nums []int) *binarySearchTree {
// 排序数组
sort.Ints(nums)
// 构建二叉搜索树
bst := &binarySearchTree{}
bst.root = bst.buildTree(nums, 0, len(nums)-1)
return bst
}
/* 构建二叉搜索树 */
func (bst *binarySearchTree) buildTree(nums []int, left, right int) *TreeNode {
if left > right {
return nil
}
// 将数组中间结点作为根结点
middle := left + (right-left)>>1
root := NewTreeNode(nums[middle])
// 递归构建左子树和右子树
root.Left = bst.buildTree(nums, left, middle-1)
root.Right = bst.buildTree(nums, middle+1, right)
return root
}
/* 获取根结点 */
func (bst *binarySearchTree) getRoot() *TreeNode {
return bst.root
}
/* 获取中序遍历的下一个结点(仅适用于 root 有左子结点的情况) */
func (bst *binarySearchTree) getInOrderNext(node *TreeNode) *TreeNode {
if node == nil {
return node
}
// 循环访问左子结点,直到叶结点时为最小结点,跳出
for node.Left != nil {
node = node.Left
}
return node
}
/* 查找结点 */
func (bst *binarySearchTree) search(num int) *TreeNode {
node := bst.root
// 循环查找,越过叶结点后跳出
for node != nil {
if node.Val < num {
// 目标结点在 cur 的右子树中
node = node.Right
} else if node.Val > num {
// 目标结点在 cur 的左子树中
node = node.Left
} else {
// 找到目标结点,跳出循环
break
}
}
// 返回目标结点
return node
}
/* 插入结点 */
func (bst *binarySearchTree) insert(num int) *TreeNode {
cur := bst.root
// 若树为空,直接提前返回
if cur == nil {
return nil
}
// 待插入结点之前的结点位置
var pre *TreeNode = nil
// 循环查找,越过叶结点后跳出
for cur != nil {
if cur.Val == num {
return nil
}
pre = cur
if cur.Val < num {
cur = cur.Right
} else {
cur = cur.Left
}
}
// 插入结点
node := NewTreeNode(num)
if pre.Val < num {
pre.Right = node
} else {
pre.Left = node
}
return cur
}
/* 删除结点 */
func (bst *binarySearchTree) remove(num int) *TreeNode {
cur := bst.root
// 若树为空,直接提前返回
if cur == nil {
return nil
}
// 待删除结点之前的结点位置
var pre *TreeNode = nil
// 循环查找,越过叶结点后跳出
for cur != nil {
if cur.Val == num {
break
}
pre = cur
if cur.Val < num {
// 待删除结点在右子树中
cur = cur.Right
} else {
// 待删除结点在左子树中
cur = cur.Left
}
}
// 若无待删除结点,则直接返回
if cur == nil {
return nil
}
// 子结点数为 0 或 1
if cur.Left == nil || cur.Right == nil {
var child *TreeNode = nil
// 取出待删除结点的子结点
if cur.Left != nil {
child = cur.Left
} else {
child = cur.Right
}
// 将子结点替换为待删除结点
if pre.Left == cur {
pre.Left = child
} else {
pre.Right = child
}
// 子结点数为 2
} else {
// 获取中序遍历中待删除结点 cur 的下一个结点
next := bst.getInOrderNext(cur)
temp := next.Val
// 递归删除结点 next
bst.remove(next.Val)
// 将 next 的值复制给 cur
cur.Val = temp
}
return cur
}
/* 打印二叉搜索树 */
func (bst *binarySearchTree) print() {
PrintTree(bst.root)
}