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hello-algo/codes/csharp/chapter_hashing/hash_map_chaining.cs

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/**
* File: hash_map_chaining.cs
* Created Time: 2023-06-26
* Author: hpstory (hpstory1024@163.com)
*/
namespace hello_algo.chapter_hashing;
/* 链式地址哈希表 */
class HashMapChaining {
int size; // 键值对数量
int capacity; // 哈希表容量
double loadThres; // 触发扩容的负载因子阈值
int extendRatio; // 扩容倍数
List<List<Pair>> buckets; // 桶数组
/* 构造方法 */
public HashMapChaining() {
size = 0;
capacity = 4;
loadThres = 2.0 / 3.0;
extendRatio = 2;
buckets = new List<List<Pair>>(capacity);
for (int i = 0; i < capacity; i++) {
buckets.Add([]);
}
}
/* 哈希函数 */
int HashFunc(int key) {
return key % capacity;
}
/* 负载因子 */
double LoadFactor() {
return (double)size / capacity;
}
/* 查询操作 */
public string? Get(int key) {
int index = HashFunc(key);
// 遍历桶,若找到 key ,则返回对应 val
foreach (Pair pair in buckets[index]) {
if (pair.key == key) {
return pair.val;
}
}
// 若未找到 key ,则返回 null
return null;
}
/* 添加操作 */
public void Put(int key, string val) {
// 当负载因子超过阈值时,执行扩容
if (LoadFactor() > loadThres) {
Extend();
}
int index = HashFunc(key);
// 遍历桶,若遇到指定 key ,则更新对应 val 并返回
foreach (Pair pair in buckets[index]) {
if (pair.key == key) {
pair.val = val;
return;
}
}
// 若无该 key ,则将键值对添加至尾部
buckets[index].Add(new Pair(key, val));
size++;
}
/* 删除操作 */
public void Remove(int key) {
int index = HashFunc(key);
// 遍历桶,从中删除键值对
foreach (Pair pair in buckets[index].ToList()) {
if (pair.key == key) {
buckets[index].Remove(pair);
size--;
break;
}
}
}
/* 扩容哈希表 */
void Extend() {
// 暂存原哈希表
List<List<Pair>> bucketsTmp = buckets;
// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表
capacity *= extendRatio;
buckets = new List<List<Pair>>(capacity);
for (int i = 0; i < capacity; i++) {
buckets.Add([]);
}
size = 0;
// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表
foreach (List<Pair> bucket in bucketsTmp) {
foreach (Pair pair in bucket) {
Put(pair.key, pair.val);
}
}
}
/* 打印哈希表 */
public void Print() {
foreach (List<Pair> bucket in buckets) {
List<string> res = [];
foreach (Pair pair in bucket) {
res.Add(pair.key + " -> " + pair.val);
}
foreach (string kv in res) {
Console.WriteLine(kv);
}
}
}
}
public class hash_map_chaining {
[Test]
public void Test() {
/* 初始化哈希表 */
HashMapChaining map = new();
/* 添加操作 */
// 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
map.Put(12836, "小哈");
map.Put(15937, "小啰");
map.Put(16750, "小算");
map.Put(13276, "小法");
map.Put(10583, "小鸭");
Console.WriteLine("\n添加完成后哈希表为\nKey -> Value");
map.Print();
/* 查询操作 */
// 向哈希表中输入键 key ,得到值 value
string? name = map.Get(13276);
Console.WriteLine("\n输入学号 13276 ,查询到姓名 " + name);
/* 删除操作 */
// 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
map.Remove(12836);
Console.WriteLine("\n删除 12836 后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value");
map.Print();
}
}