|
|
|
/**
|
|
|
|
* File: recursion.js
|
|
|
|
* Created Time: 2023-08-28
|
|
|
|
* Author: Gaofer Chou (gaofer-chou@qq.com)
|
|
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 递归 */
|
|
|
|
function recur(n) {
|
|
|
|
// 终止条件
|
|
|
|
if (n === 1) return 1;
|
|
|
|
// 递:递归调用
|
|
|
|
const res = recur(n - 1);
|
|
|
|
// 归:返回结果
|
|
|
|
return n + res;
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 使用迭代模拟递归 */
|
|
|
|
function forLoopRecur(n) {
|
|
|
|
// 使用一个显式的栈来模拟系统调用栈
|
|
|
|
const stack = [];
|
|
|
|
let res = 0;
|
|
|
|
// 递:递归调用
|
|
|
|
for (let i = n; i > 0; i--) {
|
|
|
|
// 通过“入栈操作”模拟“递”
|
|
|
|
stack.push(i);
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// 归:返回结果
|
|
|
|
while (stack.length) {
|
|
|
|
// 通过“出栈操作”模拟“归”
|
|
|
|
res += stack.pop();
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// res = 1+2+3+...+n
|
|
|
|
return res;
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 尾递归 */
|
|
|
|
function tailRecur(n, res) {
|
|
|
|
// 终止条件
|
|
|
|
if (n === 0) return res;
|
|
|
|
// 尾递归调用
|
|
|
|
return tailRecur(n - 1, res + n);
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 斐波那契数列:递归 */
|
|
|
|
function fib(n) {
|
|
|
|
// 终止条件 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1
|
|
|
|
if (n === 1 || n === 2) return n - 1;
|
|
|
|
// 递归调用 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)
|
|
|
|
const res = fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2);
|
|
|
|
// 返回结果 f(n)
|
|
|
|
return res;
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* Driver Code */
|
|
|
|
const n = 5;
|
|
|
|
let res;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
res = recur(n);
|
|
|
|
console.log(`递归函数的求和结果 res = ${res}`);
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
res = forLoopRecur(n);
|
|
|
|
console.log(`使用迭代模拟递归的求和结果 res = ${res}`);
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
res = tailRecur(n, 0);
|
|
|
|
console.log(`尾递归函数的求和结果 res = ${res}`);
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
res = fib(n);
|
|
|
|
console.log(`斐波那契数列的第 ${n} 项为 ${res}`);
|
|
|
|
|