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/**
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* File: array_deque.kt
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* Created Time: 2024-01-25
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* Author: curtishd (1023632660@qq.com)
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*/
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package chapter_stack_and_queue
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/* 基於環形陣列實現的雙向佇列 */
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/* 建構子 */
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class ArrayDeque(capacity: Int) {
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private var nums: IntArray = IntArray(capacity) // 用於儲存雙向佇列元素的陣列
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private var front: Int = 0 // 佇列首指標,指向佇列首元素
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private var queSize: Int = 0 // 雙向佇列長度
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/* 獲取雙向佇列的容量 */
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fun capacity(): Int {
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return nums.size
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}
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/* 獲取雙向佇列的長度 */
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fun size(): Int {
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return queSize
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}
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/* 判斷雙向佇列是否為空 */
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fun isEmpty(): Boolean {
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return queSize == 0
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}
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/* 計算環形陣列索引 */
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private fun index(i: Int): Int {
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// 透過取餘操作實現陣列首尾相連
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// 當 i 越過陣列尾部後,回到頭部
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// 當 i 越過陣列頭部後,回到尾部
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return (i + capacity()) % capacity()
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}
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/* 佇列首入列 */
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fun pushFirst(num: Int) {
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if (queSize == capacity()) {
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println("雙向佇列已滿")
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return
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}
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// 佇列首指標向左移動一位
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// 透過取餘操作實現 front 越過陣列頭部後回到尾部
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front = index(front - 1)
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// 將 num 新增至佇列首
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nums[front] = num
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queSize++
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}
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/* 佇列尾入列 */
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fun pushLast(num: Int) {
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if (queSize == capacity()) {
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println("雙向佇列已滿")
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return
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}
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// 計算佇列尾指標,指向佇列尾索引 + 1
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val rear = index(front + queSize)
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// 將 num 新增至佇列尾
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nums[rear] = num
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queSize++
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}
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/* 佇列首出列 */
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fun popFirst(): Int {
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val num = peekFirst()
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// 佇列首指標向後移動一位
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front = index(front + 1)
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queSize--
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return num
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}
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/* 佇列尾出列 */
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fun popLast(): Int {
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val num = peekLast()
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queSize--
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return num
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}
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/* 訪問佇列首元素 */
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fun peekFirst(): Int {
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if (isEmpty()) throw IndexOutOfBoundsException()
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return nums[front]
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}
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/* 訪問佇列尾元素 */
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fun peekLast(): Int {
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if (isEmpty()) throw IndexOutOfBoundsException()
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// 計算尾元素索引
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val last = index(front + queSize - 1)
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return nums[last]
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}
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/* 返回陣列用於列印 */
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fun toArray(): IntArray {
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// 僅轉換有效長度範圍內的串列元素
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val res = IntArray(queSize)
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var i = 0
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var j = front
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while (i < queSize) {
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res[i] = nums[index(j)]
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i++
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j++
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}
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return res
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}
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}
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/* Driver Code */
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fun main() {
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/* 初始化雙向佇列 */
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val deque = ArrayDeque(10)
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deque.pushLast(3)
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deque.pushLast(2)
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deque.pushLast(5)
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println("雙向佇列 deque = ${deque.toArray().contentToString()}")
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/* 訪問元素 */
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val peekFirst = deque.peekFirst()
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println("佇列首元素 peekFirst = $peekFirst")
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val peekLast = deque.peekLast()
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println("佇列尾元素 peekLast = $peekLast")
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/* 元素入列 */
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deque.pushLast(4)
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println("元素 4 佇列尾入列後 deque = ${deque.toArray().contentToString()}")
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deque.pushFirst(1)
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println("元素 1 佇列首入列後 deque = ${deque.toArray().contentToString()}")
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/* 元素出列 */
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val popLast = deque.popLast()
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println("佇列尾出列元素 = ${popLast},佇列尾出列後 deque = ${deque.toArray().contentToString()}")
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val popFirst = deque.popFirst()
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println("佇列首出列元素 = ${popFirst},佇列首出列後 deque = ${deque.toArray().contentToString()}")
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/* 獲取雙向佇列的長度 */
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val size = deque.size()
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println("雙向佇列長度 size = $size")
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/* 判斷雙向佇列是否為空 */
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val isEmpty = deque.isEmpty()
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println("雙向佇列是否為空 = $isEmpty")
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}
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