You can not select more than 25 topics
Topics must start with a letter or number, can include dashes ('-') and can be up to 35 characters long.
167 lines
4.8 KiB
167 lines
4.8 KiB
1 year ago
|
/**
|
||
|
* File: hash_map_open_addressing.cpp
|
||
|
* Created Time: 2023-06-13
|
||
|
* Author: Krahets (krahets@163.com)
|
||
|
*/
|
||
|
|
||
|
#include "../utils/common.hpp"
|
||
|
|
||
|
/* 键值对 */
|
||
|
struct Pair {
|
||
|
int key;
|
||
|
string val;
|
||
|
|
||
|
Pair(int k, string v) : key(k), val(v) {
|
||
|
}
|
||
|
};
|
||
|
|
||
|
/* 开放寻址哈希表 */
|
||
|
class HashMapOpenAddressing {
|
||
|
private:
|
||
|
int size; // 键值对数量
|
||
|
int capacity; // 哈希表容量
|
||
|
double loadThres; // 触发扩容的负载因子阈值
|
||
|
int extendRatio; // 扩容倍数
|
||
|
vector<Pair *> buckets; // 桶数组
|
||
|
Pair *removed; // 删除标记
|
||
|
|
||
|
public:
|
||
|
/* 构造方法 */
|
||
|
HashMapOpenAddressing() {
|
||
|
// 构造方法
|
||
|
size = 0;
|
||
|
capacity = 4;
|
||
|
loadThres = 2.0 / 3.0;
|
||
|
extendRatio = 2;
|
||
|
buckets = vector<Pair *>(capacity, nullptr);
|
||
|
removed = new Pair(-1, "-1");
|
||
|
}
|
||
|
|
||
|
/* 哈希函数 */
|
||
|
int hashFunc(int key) {
|
||
|
return key % capacity;
|
||
|
}
|
||
|
|
||
|
/* 负载因子 */
|
||
|
double loadFactor() {
|
||
|
return static_cast<double>(size) / capacity;
|
||
|
}
|
||
|
|
||
|
/* 查询操作 */
|
||
|
string get(int key) {
|
||
|
int index = hashFunc(key);
|
||
|
// 线性探测,从 index 开始向后遍历
|
||
|
for (int i = 0; i < capacity; i++) {
|
||
|
// 计算桶索引,越过尾部返回头部
|
||
|
int j = (index + i) % capacity;
|
||
|
// 若遇到空桶,说明无此 key ,则返回 nullptr
|
||
|
if (buckets[j] == nullptr)
|
||
|
return nullptr;
|
||
|
// 若遇到指定 key ,则返回对应 val
|
||
|
if (buckets[j]->key == key && buckets[j] != removed)
|
||
|
return buckets[j]->val;
|
||
|
}
|
||
|
return nullptr;
|
||
|
}
|
||
|
|
||
|
/* 添加操作 */
|
||
|
void put(int key, string val) {
|
||
|
// 当负载因子超过阈值时,执行扩容
|
||
|
if (loadFactor() > loadThres)
|
||
|
extend();
|
||
|
int index = hashFunc(key);
|
||
|
// 线性探测,从 index 开始向后遍历
|
||
|
for (int i = 0; i < capacity; i++) {
|
||
|
// 计算桶索引,越过尾部返回头部
|
||
|
int j = (index + i) % capacity;
|
||
|
// 若遇到空桶、或带有删除标记的桶,则将键值对放入该桶
|
||
|
if (buckets[j] == nullptr || buckets[j] == removed) {
|
||
|
buckets[j] = new Pair(key, val);
|
||
|
size += 1;
|
||
|
return;
|
||
|
}
|
||
|
// 若遇到指定 key ,则更新对应 val
|
||
|
if (buckets[j]->key == key) {
|
||
|
buckets[j]->val = val;
|
||
|
return;
|
||
|
}
|
||
|
}
|
||
|
}
|
||
|
|
||
|
/* 删除操作 */
|
||
|
void remove(int key) {
|
||
|
int index = hashFunc(key);
|
||
|
// 线性探测,从 index 开始向后遍历
|
||
|
for (int i = 0; i < capacity; i++) {
|
||
|
// 计算桶索引,越过尾部返回头部
|
||
|
int j = (index + i) % capacity;
|
||
|
// 若遇到空桶,说明无此 key ,则直接返回
|
||
|
if (buckets[j] == nullptr)
|
||
|
return;
|
||
|
// 若遇到指定 key ,则标记删除并返回
|
||
|
if (buckets[j]->key == key) {
|
||
|
delete buckets[j]; // 释放内存
|
||
|
buckets[j] = removed;
|
||
|
size -= 1;
|
||
|
return;
|
||
|
}
|
||
|
}
|
||
|
}
|
||
|
|
||
|
/* 扩容哈希表 */
|
||
|
void extend() {
|
||
|
// 暂存原哈希表
|
||
|
vector<Pair *> bucketsTmp = buckets;
|
||
|
// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表
|
||
|
capacity *= extendRatio;
|
||
|
buckets = vector<Pair *>(capacity, nullptr);
|
||
|
size = 0;
|
||
|
// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表
|
||
|
for (Pair *pair : bucketsTmp) {
|
||
|
if (pair != nullptr && pair != removed) {
|
||
|
put(pair->key, pair->val);
|
||
|
}
|
||
|
}
|
||
|
}
|
||
|
|
||
|
/* 打印哈希表 */
|
||
|
void print() {
|
||
|
for (auto &pair : buckets) {
|
||
|
if (pair != nullptr) {
|
||
|
cout << pair->key << " -> " << pair->val << endl;
|
||
|
} else {
|
||
|
cout << "nullptr" << endl;
|
||
|
}
|
||
|
}
|
||
|
}
|
||
|
};
|
||
|
|
||
|
/* Driver Code */
|
||
|
int main() {
|
||
|
/* 初始化哈希表 */
|
||
|
HashMapOpenAddressing map = HashMapOpenAddressing();
|
||
|
|
||
|
/* 添加操作 */
|
||
|
// 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
|
||
|
map.put(12836, "小哈");
|
||
|
map.put(15937, "小啰");
|
||
|
map.put(16750, "小算");
|
||
|
map.put(13276, "小法");
|
||
|
map.put(10583, "小鸭");
|
||
|
cout << "\n添加完成后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value" << endl;
|
||
|
map.print();
|
||
|
|
||
|
/* 查询操作 */
|
||
|
// 向哈希表输入键 key ,得到值 value
|
||
|
string name = map.get(13276);
|
||
|
cout << "\n输入学号 13276 ,查询到姓名 " << name << endl;
|
||
|
|
||
|
/* 删除操作 */
|
||
|
// 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
|
||
|
map.remove(16750);
|
||
|
cout << "\n删除 16750 后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value" << endl;
|
||
|
map.print();
|
||
|
|
||
|
return 0;
|
||
|
}
|