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hello-algo/codes/csharp/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array.cs

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3.9 KiB

2 years ago
// File: array.cs
// Created Time: 2022-12-14
// Author: mingXta (1195669834@qq.com)
using NUnit.Framework;
2 years ago
namespace hello_algo.chapter_array_and_linkedlist
{
public class Array
{
/// <summary>
/// 随机返回一个数组元素
/// </summary>
public static int RandomAccess(int[] nums)
{
Random random = new();
int randomIndex = random.Next(nums.Length);
int randomNum = nums[randomIndex];
return randomNum;
}
/// <summary>
/// 扩展数组长度
/// </summary>
public static int[] Extend(int[] nums, int enlarge)
{
// 初始化一个扩展长度后的数组
int[] res = new int[nums.Length + enlarge];
// 将原数组中的所有元素复制到新数组
for (int i = 0; i < nums.Length; i++)
{
res[i] = nums[i];
}
// 返回扩展后的新数组
return res;
}
/// <summary>
/// 在数组的索引 index 处插入元素 num
/// </summary>
public static void Insert(int[] nums, int num, int index)
{
// 把索引 index 以及之后的所有元素向后移动一位
for (int i = nums.Length - 1; i > index; i--)
{
nums[i] = nums[i - 1];
}
// 将 num 赋给 index 处元素
nums[index] = num;
}
/// <summary>
/// 删除索引 index 处元素
/// </summary>
public static void Remove(int[] nums, int index)
{
// 把索引 index 之后的所有元素向前移动一位
for (int i = index; i < nums.Length - 1; i++)
{
nums[i] = nums[i + 1];
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 遍历数组
/// </summary>
public static void Traverse(int[] nums)
{
int count = 0;
// 通过索引遍历数组
for (int i = 0; i < nums.Length; i++)
{
count++;
}
// 直接遍历数组
foreach (int num in nums)
{
count++;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 在数组中查找指定元素
/// </summary>
public static int Find(int[] nums, int target)
{
for (int i = 0; i < nums.Length; i++)
{
if (nums[i] == target)
return i;
}
return -1;
}
/// <summary>
/// 辅助函数,数组转字符串
/// </summary>
public static string ToString(int[] nums)
{
return string.Join(",", nums);
}
// Driver Code
[Test]
public static void Test()
{
// 初始化数组
int[] arr = new int[5];
Console.WriteLine("数组 arr = " + ToString(arr));
int[] nums = { 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 };
Console.WriteLine("数组 nums = " + ToString(nums));
// 随机访问
int randomNum = RandomAccess(nums);
Console.WriteLine("在 nums 中获取随机元素 " + randomNum);
// 长度扩展
nums = Extend(nums, 3);
Console.WriteLine("将数组长度扩展至 8 ,得到 nums = " + ToString(nums));
// 插入元素
Insert(nums, 6, 3);
Console.WriteLine("在索引 3 处插入数字 6 ,得到 nums = " + ToString(nums));
// 删除元素
Remove(nums, 2);
Console.WriteLine("删除索引 2 处的元素,得到 nums = " + ToString(nums));
// 遍历数组
Traverse(nums);
// 查找元素
int index = Find(nums, 3);
Console.WriteLine("在 nums 中查找元素 3 ,得到索引 = " + index);
}
}
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}