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<h1 id="153">15.3 &nbsp; 最大容量问题<a class="headerlink" href="#153" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
1 year ago
<div class="admonition question">
<p class="admonition-title">Question</p>
1 year ago
<p>输入一个数组 <span class="arithmatex">\(ht\)</span> ,数组中的每个元素代表一个垂直隔板的高度。数组中的任意两个隔板,以及它们之间的空间可以组成一个容器。</p>
<p>容器的容量等于高度和宽度的乘积(即面积),其中高度由较短的隔板决定,宽度是两个隔板的数组索引之差。</p>
1 year ago
<p>请在数组中选择两个隔板,使得组成的容器的容量最大,返回最大容量。</p>
</div>
1 year ago
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../max_capacity_problem.assets/max_capacity_example.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="最大容量问题的示例数据" src="../max_capacity_problem.assets/max_capacity_example.png" /></a></p>
1 year ago
<p align="center"> 图 15-7 &nbsp; 最大容量问题的示例数据 </p>
1 year ago
<p>容器由任意两个隔板围成,<strong>因此本题的状态为两个隔板的索引,记为 <span class="arithmatex">\([i, j]\)</span></strong></p>
1 year ago
<p>根据题意,容量等于高度乘以宽度,其中高度由短板决定,宽度是两隔板的索引之差。设容量为 <span class="arithmatex">\(cap[i, j]\)</span> ,则可得计算公式:</p>
1 year ago
<div class="arithmatex">\[
cap[i, j] = \min(ht[i], ht[j]) \times (j - i)
\]</div>
<p>设数组长度为 <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> ,两个隔板的组合数量(即状态总数)为 <span class="arithmatex">\(C_n^2 = \frac{n(n - 1)}{2}\)</span> 个。最直接地,<strong>我们可以穷举所有状态</strong>,从而求得最大容量,时间复杂度为 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n^2)\)</span></p>
1 year ago
<h3 id="1">1. &nbsp; 贪心策略确定<a class="headerlink" href="#1" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
1 year ago
<p>这道题还有更高效率的解法。如图 15-8 所示,现选取一个状态 <span class="arithmatex">\([i, j]\)</span> ,其满足索引 <span class="arithmatex">\(i &lt; j\)</span> 且高度 <span class="arithmatex">\(ht[i] &lt; ht[j]\)</span> ,即 <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span> 为短板、<span class="arithmatex">\(j\)</span> 为长板。</p>
1 year ago
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../max_capacity_problem.assets/max_capacity_initial_state.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="初始状态" src="../max_capacity_problem.assets/max_capacity_initial_state.png" /></a></p>
1 year ago
<p align="center"> 图 15-8 &nbsp; 初始状态 </p>
1 year ago
1 year ago
<p>如图 15-9 所示,<strong>若此时将长板 <span class="arithmatex">\(j\)</span> 向短板 <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span> 靠近,则容量一定变小</strong></p>
<p>这是因为在移动长板 <span class="arithmatex">\(j\)</span> 后,宽度 <span class="arithmatex">\(j-i\)</span> 肯定变小;而高度由短板决定,因此高度只可能不变( <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span> 仍为短板)或变小(移动后的 <span class="arithmatex">\(j\)</span> 成为短板)。</p>
1 year ago
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../max_capacity_problem.assets/max_capacity_moving_long_board.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="向内移动长板后的状态" src="../max_capacity_problem.assets/max_capacity_moving_long_board.png" /></a></p>
1 year ago
<p align="center"> 图 15-9 &nbsp; 向内移动长板后的状态 </p>
1 year ago
1 year ago
<p>反向思考,<strong>我们只有向内收缩短板 <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span> ,才有可能使容量变大</strong>。因为虽然宽度一定变小,<strong>但高度可能会变大</strong>(移动后的短板 <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span> 可能会变长)。例如在图 15-10 中,移动短板后面积变大。</p>
1 year ago
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../max_capacity_problem.assets/max_capacity_moving_short_board.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="向内移动短板后的状态" src="../max_capacity_problem.assets/max_capacity_moving_short_board.png" /></a></p>
1 year ago
<p align="center"> 图 15-10 &nbsp; 向内移动短板后的状态 </p>
1 year ago
1 year ago
<p>由此便可推出本题的贪心策略:初始化两指针分裂容器两端,每轮向内收缩短板对应的指针,直至两指针相遇。</p>
1 year ago
<p>图 15-11 展示了贪心策略的执行过程。</p>
1 year ago
<ol>
1 year ago
<li>初始状态下,指针 <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span><span class="arithmatex">\(j\)</span> 分列与数组两端。</li>
1 year ago
<li>计算当前状态的容量 <span class="arithmatex">\(cap[i, j]\)</span> ,并更新最大容量。</li>
<li>比较板 <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span> 和 板 <span class="arithmatex">\(j\)</span> 的高度,并将短板向内移动一格。</li>
1 year ago
<li>循环执行第 <code>2.</code><code>3.</code> 步,直至 <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span><span class="arithmatex">\(j\)</span> 相遇时结束。</li>
1 year ago
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../max_capacity_problem.assets/max_capacity_greedy_step1.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="最大容量问题的贪心过程" src="../max_capacity_problem.assets/max_capacity_greedy_step1.png" /></a></p>
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1 year ago
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1 year ago
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../max_capacity_problem.assets/max_capacity_greedy_step8.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="max_capacity_greedy_step8" src="../max_capacity_problem.assets/max_capacity_greedy_step8.png" /></a></p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../max_capacity_problem.assets/max_capacity_greedy_step9.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="max_capacity_greedy_step9" src="../max_capacity_problem.assets/max_capacity_greedy_step9.png" /></a></p>
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1 year ago
<p align="center"> 图 15-11 &nbsp; 最大容量问题的贪心过程 </p>
1 year ago
1 year ago
<h3 id="2">2. &nbsp; 代码实现<a class="headerlink" href="#2" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
1 year ago
<p>代码循环最多 <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> 轮,<strong>因此时间复杂度为 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span></strong></p>
1 year ago
<p>变量 <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span><span class="arithmatex">\(j\)</span><span class="arithmatex">\(res\)</span> 使用常数大小额外空间,<strong>因此空间复杂度为 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(1)\)</span></strong></p>
1 year ago
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">max_capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;最大容量:贪心&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a> <span class="c1"># 初始化 i, j 分列数组两端</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a> <span class="c1"># 初始最大容量为 0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a> <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a> <span class="c1"># 循环贪心选择,直至两板相遇</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a> <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a> <span class="c1"># 更新最大容量</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a> <span class="n">cap</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a> <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a> <span class="c1"># 向内移动短板</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a> <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
1 year ago
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大容量:贪心 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 i, j 分列数组两端</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始最大容量为 0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择,直至两板相遇</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新最大容量</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 向内移动短板</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
1 year ago
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大容量:贪心 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 i, j 分列数组两端</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始最大容量为 0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择,直至两板相遇</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新最大容量</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 向内移动短板</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
1 year ago
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
1 year ago
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大容量:贪心 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
1 year ago
<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 i, j 分列数组两端</span>
1 year ago
<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
1 year ago
<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始最大容量为 0</span>
1 year ago
<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
1 year ago
<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择,直至两板相遇</span>
1 year ago
<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
1 year ago
<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新最大容量</span>
1 year ago
<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">);</span>
1 year ago
<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 向内移动短板</span>
1 year ago
<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
1 year ago
<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
1 year ago
<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
1 year ago
<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
1 year ago
<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
1 year ago
<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
1 year ago
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
1 year ago
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大容量:贪心 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
1 year ago
<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 i, j 分列数组两端</span>
1 year ago
<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始最大容量为 0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择,直至两板相遇</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新最大容量</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">])))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">)))</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 向内移动短板</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">--</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
1 year ago
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
1 year ago
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大容量:贪心 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a> <span class="c1">// 初始化 i, j 分列数组两端</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a> <span class="c1">// 初始最大容量为 0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a> <span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择,直至两板相遇</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a> <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a> <span class="c1">// 更新最大容量</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">cap</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="bp">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a> <span class="n">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="bp">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a> <span class="c1">// 向内移动短板</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
1 year ago
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
1 year ago
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大容量:贪心 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 i, j 分列数组两端</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始最大容量为 0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择,直至两板相遇</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新最大容量</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 向内移动短板</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
1 year ago
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
1 year ago
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大容量:贪心 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
1 year ago
<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 i, j 分列数组两端</span>
1 year ago
<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始最大容量为 0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择,直至两板相遇</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新最大容量</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 向内移动短板</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
1 year ago
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
1 year ago
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大容量:贪心 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 i, j 分列数组两端</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始最大容量为 0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择,直至两板相遇</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新最大容量</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 向内移动短板</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
1 year ago
<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
1 year ago
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
1 year ago
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大容量:贪心 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">max_capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 i, j 分列数组两端</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始最大容量为 0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择,直至两板相遇</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新最大容量</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span>::<span class="n">cmp</span>::<span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span>::<span class="n">cmp</span>::<span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 向内移动短板</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-21" name="__codelineno-9-21" href="#__codelineno-9-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
1 year ago
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
1 year ago
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大容量:贪心 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">htLength</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 i, j 分列数组两端</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">htLength</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始最大容量为 0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择,直至两板相遇</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新最大容量</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MIN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 向内移动短板</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-19" name="__codelineno-10-19" href="#__codelineno-10-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-20" name="__codelineno-10-20" href="#__codelineno-10-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-21" name="__codelineno-10-21" href="#__codelineno-10-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
1 year ago
</code></pre></div>
</div>
1 year ago
<div class="tabbed-block">
1 year ago
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">}</span>
1 year ago
</code></pre></div>
</div>
1 year ago
</div>
</div>
1 year ago
<h3 id="3">3. &nbsp; 正确性证明<a class="headerlink" href="#3" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
1 year ago
<p>之所以贪心比穷举更快,是因为每轮的贪心选择都会“跳过”一些状态。</p>
1 year ago
<p>比如在状态 <span class="arithmatex">\(cap[i, j]\)</span> 下,<span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span> 为短板、<span class="arithmatex">\(j\)</span> 为长板。若贪心地将短板 <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span> 向内移动一格,会导致图 15-12 所示的状态被“跳过”。<strong>这意味着之后无法验证这些状态的容量大小</strong></p>
1 year ago
<div class="arithmatex">\[
1 year ago
cap[i, i+1], cap[i, i+2], \dots, cap[i, j-2], cap[i, j-1]
1 year ago
\]</div>
1 year ago
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../max_capacity_problem.assets/max_capacity_skipped_states.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="移动短板导致被跳过的状态" src="../max_capacity_problem.assets/max_capacity_skipped_states.png" /></a></p>
1 year ago
<p align="center"> 图 15-12 &nbsp; 移动短板导致被跳过的状态 </p>
1 year ago
1 year ago
<p>观察发现,<strong>这些被跳过的状态实际上就是将长板 <span class="arithmatex">\(j\)</span> 向内移动的所有状态</strong>。而在第二步中,我们已经证明内移长板一定会导致容量变小。也就是说,被跳过的状态都不可能是最优解,<strong>跳过它们不会导致错过最优解</strong></p>
1 year ago
<p>以上的分析说明,<strong>移动短板的操作是“安全”的</strong>,贪心策略是有效的。</p>
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