make dfs same as c/c++ and other small improvement (#1543)

codes/rust/chapter_tree/array_binary_tree.rs

@@ -49,18 +49,11 @@ impl ArrayBinaryTree {
 
     /* 层序遍历 */
     fn level_order(&self) -> Vec<i32> {
-        let mut res = vec![];
-        // 直接遍历数组
-        for i in 0..self.size() {
-            if let Some(val) = self.val(i) {
-                res.push(val)
-            }
-        }
-        res
+        self.tree.iter().filter_map(|&x| x).collect()
     }
 
     /* 深度优先遍历 */
-    fn dfs(&self, i: i32, order: &str, res: &mut Vec<i32>) {
+    fn dfs(&self, i: i32, order: &'static str, res: &mut Vec<i32>) {
         if self.val(i).is_none() {
             return;
         }

codes/rust/chapter_tree/binary_search_tree.rs

@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ impl BinarySearchTree {
                 // 删除节点 cur
                 if !Rc::ptr_eq(&cur, self.root.as_ref().unwrap()) {
                     let left = pre.borrow().left.clone();
-                    if left.is_some() && Rc::ptr_eq(&left.as_ref().unwrap(), &cur) {
+                    if left.is_some() && Rc::ptr_eq(left.as_ref().unwrap(), &cur) {
                         pre.borrow_mut().left = child;
                     } else {
                         pre.borrow_mut().right = child;
@@ -147,11 +147,11 @@ impl BinarySearchTree {
                         break;
                     }
                 }
-                let tmpval = tmp.unwrap().borrow().val;
+                let tmp_val = tmp.unwrap().borrow().val;
                 // 递归删除节点 tmp
-                self.remove(tmpval);
+                self.remove(tmp_val);
                 // 用 tmp 覆盖 cur
-                cur.borrow_mut().val = tmpval;
+                cur.borrow_mut().val = tmp_val;
             }
         }
     }

codes/rust/chapter_tree/binary_tree_dfs.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
  * Author: xBLACKICEx (xBLACKICE@outlook.com)
  */
 
-use hello_algo_rust::include::{vec_to_tree, TreeNode, print_util};
+use hello_algo_rust::include::{print_util, vec_to_tree, TreeNode};
 use hello_algo_rust::op_vec;
 
 use std::cell::RefCell;
@@ -14,12 +14,17 @@ use std::rc::Rc;
 fn pre_order(root: Option<&Rc<RefCell<TreeNode>>>) -> Vec<i32> {
     let mut result = vec![];
 
-    if let Some(node) = root {
-        // 访问优先级：根节点 -> 左子树 -> 右子树
-        result.push(node.borrow().val);
-        result.extend(pre_order(node.borrow().left.as_ref()));
-        result.extend(pre_order(node.borrow().right.as_ref()));
+    fn dfs(root: Option<&Rc<RefCell<TreeNode>>>, res: &mut Vec<i32>) {
+        if let Some(node) = root {
+            // 访问优先级：根节点 -> 左子树 -> 右子树
+            let node = node.borrow();
+            res.push(node.val);
+            dfs(node.left.as_ref(), res);
+            dfs(node.right.as_ref(), res);
+        }
     }
+    dfs(root, &mut result);
+
     result
 }
 
@@ -27,12 +32,17 @@ fn pre_order(root: Option<&Rc<RefCell<TreeNode>>>) -> Vec<i32> {
 fn in_order(root: Option<&Rc<RefCell<TreeNode>>>) -> Vec<i32> {
     let mut result = vec![];
 
-    if let Some(node) = root {
-        // 访问优先级：左子树 -> 根节点 -> 右子树
-        result.extend(in_order(node.borrow().left.as_ref()));
-        result.push(node.borrow().val);
-        result.extend(in_order(node.borrow().right.as_ref()));
+    fn dfs(root: Option<&Rc<RefCell<TreeNode>>>, res: &mut Vec<i32>) {
+        if let Some(node) = root {
+            // 访问优先级：左子树 -> 根节点 -> 右子树
+            let node = node.borrow();
+            dfs(node.left.as_ref(), res);
+            res.push(node.val);
+            dfs(node.right.as_ref(), res);
+        }
     }
+    dfs(root, &mut result);
+
     result
 }
 
@@ -40,12 +50,18 @@ fn in_order(root: Option<&Rc<RefCell<TreeNode>>>) -> Vec<i32> {
 fn post_order(root: Option<&Rc<RefCell<TreeNode>>>) -> Vec<i32> {
     let mut result = vec![];
 
-    if let Some(node) = root {
-        // 访问优先级：左子树 -> 右子树 -> 根节点
-        result.extend(post_order(node.borrow().left.as_ref()));
-        result.extend(post_order(node.borrow().right.as_ref()));
-        result.push(node.borrow().val);
+    fn dfs(root: Option<&Rc<RefCell<TreeNode>>>, res: &mut Vec<i32>) {
+        if let Some(node) = root {
+            // 访问优先级：左子树 -> 右子树 -> 根节点
+            let node = node.borrow();
+            dfs(node.left.as_ref(), res);
+            dfs(node.right.as_ref(), res);
+            res.push(node.val);
+        }
     }
+
+    dfs(root, &mut result);
+
     result
 }