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@ -222,9 +222,57 @@ comments: true
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=== "C#"
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```csharp title="n_queens.cs"
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[class]{n_queens}-[func]{backtrack}
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/* 回溯算法:N 皇后 */
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void backtrack(int row, int n, List<List<string>> state, List<List<List<string>>> res,
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bool[] cols, bool[] diags1, bool[] diags2) {
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// 当放置完所有行时,记录解
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if (row == n) {
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List<List<string>> copyState = new List<List<string>>();
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foreach (List<string> sRow in state) {
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copyState.Add(new List<string>(sRow));
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}
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res.Add(copyState);
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return;
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}
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// 遍历所有列
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for (int col = 0; col < n; col++) {
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// 计算该格子对应的主对角线和副对角线
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int diag1 = row - col + n - 1;
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int diag2 = row + col;
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// 剪枝:不允许该格子所在 (列 或 主对角线 或 副对角线) 包含皇后
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if (!(cols[col] || diags1[diag1] || diags2[diag2])) {
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// 尝试:将皇后放置在该格子
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state[row][col] = "Q";
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cols[col] = diags1[diag1] = diags2[diag2] = true;
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// 放置下一行
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backtrack(row + 1, n, state, res, cols, diags1, diags2);
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// 回退:将该格子恢复为空位
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state[row][col] = "#";
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cols[col] = diags1[diag1] = diags2[diag2] = false;
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}
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}
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}
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[class]{n_queens}-[func]{nQueens}
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/* 求解 N 皇后 */
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List<List<List<string>>> nQueens(int n) {
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// 初始化 n*n 大小的棋盘,其中 'Q' 代表皇后,'#' 代表空位
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List<List<string>> state = new List<List<string>>();
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for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
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List<string> row = new List<string>();
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for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
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row.Add("#");
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}
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state.Add(row);
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}
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bool[] cols = new bool[n]; // 记录列是否有皇后
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bool[] diags1 = new bool[2 * n - 1]; // 记录主对角线是否有皇后
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bool[] diags2 = new bool[2 * n - 1]; // 记录副对角线是否有皇后
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List<List<List<string>>> res = new List<List<List<string>>>();
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backtrack(0, n, state, res, cols, diags1, diags2);
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return res;
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}
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```
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=== "Swift"
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