feat: add top_k.c and refactor top_k.js (#889)
* Add top_k.c based on my_heap.c * Improve the implementation of top_k.js * Add a comment to top_kpull/891/head
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add_executable(my_heap my_heap.c)
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add_executable(my_heap_test my_heap_test.c)
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add_executable(top_k top_k.c)
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/**
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* File: my_heap_test.c
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* Created Time: 2023-01-15
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* Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
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*/
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#include "my_heap.c"
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/* Driver Code */
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int main() {
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/* 初始化堆 */
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// 初始化大顶堆
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int nums[] = {9, 8, 6, 6, 7, 5, 2, 1, 4, 3, 6, 2};
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MaxHeap *heap = newMaxHeap(nums, sizeof(nums) / sizeof(int));
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printf("输入数组并建堆后\n");
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printHeap(heap->data, heap->size);
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/* 获取堆顶元素 */
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printf("\n堆顶元素为 %d\n", peek(heap));
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/* 元素入堆 */
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push(heap, 7);
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printf("\n元素 7 入堆后\n");
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printHeap(heap->data, heap->size);
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/* 堆顶元素出堆 */
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int top = pop(heap);
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printf("\n堆顶元素 %d 出堆后\n", top);
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printHeap(heap->data, heap->size);
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/* 获取堆大小 */
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printf("\n堆元素数量为 %d\n", size(heap));
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/* 判断堆是否为空 */
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printf("\n堆是否为空 %d\n", isEmpty(heap));
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// 释放内存
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freeMaxHeap(heap);
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return 0;
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}
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/**
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* File: top_k.c
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* Created Time: 2023-10-26
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* Author: Krahets (krahets163.com)
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*/
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#include "my_heap.c"
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/* 元素入堆 */
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void pushMinHeap(MaxHeap *maxHeap, int val) {
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// 元素取反
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push(maxHeap, -val);
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}
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/* 元素出堆 */
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int popMinHeap(MaxHeap *maxHeap) {
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// 元素取反
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return -pop(maxHeap);
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}
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/* 访问堆顶元素 */
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int peekMinHeap(MaxHeap *maxHeap) {
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// 元素取反
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return -peek(maxHeap);
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}
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/* 取出堆中元素 */
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int *getMinHeap(MaxHeap *maxHeap) {
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// 将堆中所有元素取反并存入 res 数组
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int *res = (int *)malloc(maxHeap->size * sizeof(int));
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for (int i = 0; i < maxHeap->size; i++) {
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res[i] = -maxHeap->data[i];
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}
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return res;
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}
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// 基于堆查找数组中最大的 k 个元素的函数
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int *topKHeap(int *nums, int sizeNums, int k) {
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// 初始化小顶堆
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// 请注意:我们将堆中所有元素取反,从而用大顶堆来模拟小顶堆
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int empty[0];
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MaxHeap *maxHeap = newMaxHeap(empty, 0);
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// 将数组的前 k 个元素入堆
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for (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {
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pushMinHeap(maxHeap, nums[i]);
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}
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// 从第 k+1 个元素开始,保持堆的长度为 k
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for (int i = k; i < sizeNums; i++) {
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// 若当前元素大于堆顶元素,则将堆顶元素出堆、当前元素入堆
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if (nums[i] > peekMinHeap(maxHeap)) {
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popMinHeap(maxHeap);
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pushMinHeap(maxHeap, nums[i]);
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}
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}
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int *res = getMinHeap(maxHeap);
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// 释放内存
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freeMaxHeap(maxHeap);
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return res;
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}
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/* Driver Code */
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int main() {
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int nums[] = {1, 7, 6, 3, 2};
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int k = 3;
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int sizeNums = sizeof(nums) / sizeof(nums[0]);
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int *res = topKHeap(nums, sizeNums, k);
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printf("最大的 %d 个元素为: ", k);
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printArray(res, k);
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free(res);
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return 0;
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}
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