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@ -71,7 +71,11 @@ comments: true
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=== "C#"
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```csharp title="array.cs"
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int[] arr = new int[5]; // { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }
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int[] nums = { 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 };
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var arr2=new int[5]; // { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }
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var nums2=new int[]{1,2,3,4,5};
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```
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## 数组优点
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@ -169,7 +173,14 @@ elementAddr = firtstElementAddr + elementLength * elementIndex
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=== "C#"
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```csharp title="array.cs"
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/* 随机返回一个数组元素 */
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int RandomAccess(int[] nums)
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{
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Random random=new();
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int randomIndex = random.Next(nums.Length);
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int randomNum = nums[randomIndex];
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return randomNum;
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}
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```
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## 数组缺点
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@ -271,7 +282,18 @@ elementAddr = firtstElementAddr + elementLength * elementIndex
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=== "C#"
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```csharp title="array.cs"
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int[] Extend(int[] nums, int enlarge)
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{
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// 初始化一个扩展长度后的数组
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int[] res = new int[nums.Length + enlarge];
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// 将原数组中的所有元素复制到新数组
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for (int i = 0; i < nums.Length; i++)
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{
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res[i] = nums[i];
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}
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// 返回扩展后的新数组
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return res;
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}
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```
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**数组中插入或删除元素效率低下。** 假设我们想要在数组中间某位置插入一个元素,由于数组元素在内存中是 “紧挨着的” ,它们之间没有空间再放任何数据。因此,我们不得不将此索引之后的所有元素都向后移动一位,然后再把元素赋值给该索引。删除元素也是类似,需要把此索引之后的元素都向前移动一位。总体看有以下缺点:
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@ -405,7 +427,24 @@ elementAddr = firtstElementAddr + elementLength * elementIndex
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=== "C#"
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```csharp title="array.cs"
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void Insert(int[] nums, int num, int index)
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{
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// 把索引 index 以及之后的所有元素向后移动一位
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for (int i = nums.Length - 1; i >= index; i--)
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{
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nums[i] = nums[i - 1];
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}
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// 将 num 赋给 index 处元素
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nums[index] = num;
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}
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void Remove(int[] nums, int index)
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{
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// 把索引 index 之后的所有元素向前移动一位
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for (int i = index; i < nums.Length - 1; i++)
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{
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nums[i] = nums[i + 1];
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}
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}
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```
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## 数组常用操作
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@ -505,7 +544,21 @@ elementAddr = firtstElementAddr + elementLength * elementIndex
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=== "C#"
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```csharp title="array.cs"
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/* 遍历数组 */
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void Traverse(int[] nums)
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{
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int count = 0;
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// 通过索引遍历数组
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for (int i = 0; i < nums.Length; i++)
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{
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count++;
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}
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// 直接遍历数组
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foreach (int num in nums)
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{
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count++;
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}
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}
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```
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**数组查找。** 通过遍历数组,查找数组内的指定元素,并输出对应索引。
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@ -588,7 +641,16 @@ elementAddr = firtstElementAddr + elementLength * elementIndex
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=== "C#"
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```csharp title="array.cs"
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/* 在数组中查找指定元素 */
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int Find(int[] nums, int target)
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{
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for (int i = 0; i < nums.Length; i++)
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{
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if (nums[i] == target)
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return i;
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}
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return -1;
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}
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```
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## 数组典型应用
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