feat: add ruby code - chapter "divide and conquer" (#1361)
parent
063a41fa7f
commit
9e569cf520
@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
|
||||
=begin
|
||||
File: binary_search_recur.rb
|
||||
Created Time: 2024-05-13
|
||||
Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
|
||||
=end
|
||||
|
||||
### 二分查找:问题 f(i, j) ###
|
||||
def dfs(nums, target, i, j)
|
||||
# 若区间为空,代表无目标元素,则返回 -1
|
||||
return -1 if i > j
|
||||
|
||||
# 计算中点索引 m
|
||||
m = (i + j) / 2
|
||||
|
||||
if nums[m] < target
|
||||
# 递归子问题 f(m+1, j)
|
||||
return dfs(nums, target, m + 1, j)
|
||||
elsif nums[m] > target
|
||||
# 递归子问题 f(i, m-1)
|
||||
return dfs(nums, target, i, m - 1)
|
||||
else
|
||||
# 找到目标元素,返回其索引
|
||||
return m
|
||||
end
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 二分查找 ###
|
||||
def binary_search(nums, target)
|
||||
n = nums.length
|
||||
# 求解问题 f(0, n-1)
|
||||
dfs(nums, target, 0, n - 1)
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### Driver Code ###
|
||||
if __FILE__ == $0
|
||||
target = 6
|
||||
nums = [1, 3, 6, 8, 12, 15, 23, 26, 31, 35]
|
||||
|
||||
# 二分查找(双闭区间)
|
||||
index = binary_search(nums, target)
|
||||
puts "目标元素 6 的索引 = #{index}"
|
||||
end
|
@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
|
||||
=begin
|
||||
File: build_tree.rb
|
||||
Created Time: 2024-05-13
|
||||
Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
|
||||
=end
|
||||
|
||||
require_relative '../utils/tree_node'
|
||||
require_relative '../utils/print_util'
|
||||
|
||||
### 构建二叉树:分治 ###
|
||||
def dfs(preorder, inorder_map, i, l, r)
|
||||
# 子树区间为空时终止
|
||||
return if r - l < 0
|
||||
|
||||
# 初始化根节点
|
||||
root = TreeNode.new(preorder[i])
|
||||
# 查询 m ,从而划分左右子树
|
||||
m = inorder_map[preorder[i]]
|
||||
# 子问题:构建左子树
|
||||
root.left = dfs(preorder, inorder_map, i + 1, l, m - 1)
|
||||
# 子问题:构建右子树
|
||||
root.right = dfs(preorder, inorder_map, i + 1 + m - l, m + 1, r)
|
||||
|
||||
# 返回根节点
|
||||
root
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 构建二叉树 ###
|
||||
def build_tree(preorder, inorder)
|
||||
# 初始化哈希表,存储 inorder 元素到索引的映射
|
||||
inorder_map = {}
|
||||
inorder.each_with_index { |val, i| inorder_map[val] = i }
|
||||
dfs(preorder, inorder_map, 0, 0, inorder.length - 1)
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### Driver Code ###
|
||||
if __FILE__ == $0
|
||||
preorder = [3, 9, 2, 1, 7]
|
||||
inorder = [9, 3, 1, 2, 7]
|
||||
puts "前序遍历 = #{preorder}"
|
||||
puts "中序遍历 = #{inorder}"
|
||||
|
||||
root = build_tree(preorder, inorder)
|
||||
puts "构建的二叉树为:"
|
||||
print_tree(root)
|
||||
end
|
@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
|
||||
=begin
|
||||
File: hanota.rb
|
||||
Created Time: 2024-05-13
|
||||
Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
|
||||
=end
|
||||
|
||||
### 移动一个圆盘 ###
|
||||
def move(src, tar)
|
||||
# 从 src 顶部拿出一个圆盘
|
||||
pan = src.pop
|
||||
# 将圆盘放入 tar 顶部
|
||||
tar << pan
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 求解汉诺塔问题 f(i) ###
|
||||
def dfs(i, src, buf, tar)
|
||||
# 若 src 只剩下一个圆盘,则直接将其移到 tar
|
||||
if i == 1
|
||||
move(src, tar)
|
||||
return
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
# 子问题 f(i-1) :将 src 顶部 i-1 个圆盘借助 tar 移到 buf
|
||||
dfs(i - 1, src, tar, buf)
|
||||
# 子问题 f(1) :将 src 剩余一个圆盘移到 tar
|
||||
move(src, tar)
|
||||
# 子问题 f(i-1) :将 buf 顶部 i-1 个圆盘借助 src 移到 tar
|
||||
dfs(i - 1, buf, src, tar)
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 求解汉诺塔问题 ###
|
||||
def solve_hanota(_A, _B, _C)
|
||||
n = _A.length
|
||||
# 将 A 顶部 n 个圆盘借助 B 移到 C
|
||||
dfs(n, _A, _B, _C)
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### Driver Code ###
|
||||
if __FILE__ == $0
|
||||
# 列表尾部是柱子顶部
|
||||
A = [5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
|
||||
B = []
|
||||
C = []
|
||||
puts "初始状态下:"
|
||||
puts "A = #{A}"
|
||||
puts "B = #{B}"
|
||||
puts "C = #{C}"
|
||||
|
||||
solve_hanota(A, B, C)
|
||||
|
||||
puts "圆盘移动完成后:"
|
||||
puts "A = #{A}"
|
||||
puts "B = #{B}"
|
||||
puts "C = #{C}"
|
||||
end
|
Loading…
Reference in new issue