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Add the chapter of stack and queue.

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pull/8/head
krahets 2 years ago
parent 8f8f6319af
commit ac8d0bcfeb
10 changed files with 454 additions and 8 deletions
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16
codes/java/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list.java
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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ public class list {
// 注意数组的元素类型是 int[] 的包装类 Integer[]
Integer[] numbers = new Integer[] { 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 };
List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(numbers));
System.out.println("列表 list = " + Arrays.toString(list.toArray()));
System.out.println("列表 list = " + list);
/* 访问元素 */
int num = list.get(1);
@ -16,11 +16,11 @@ public class list {
/* 更新元素 */
list.set(1, 0);
System.out.println("将索引 1 处的元素更新为 0 ，得到 list = " + Arrays.toString(list.toArray()));
System.out.println("将索引 1 处的元素更新为 0 ，得到 list = " + list);
/* 清空列表 */
list.clear();
System.out.println("清空列表后 list = " + Arrays.toString(list.toArray()));
System.out.println("清空列表后 list = " + list);
/* 尾部添加元素 */
list.add(1);
@ -28,15 +28,15 @@ public class list {
list.add(2);
list.add(5);
list.add(4);
System.out.println("添加元素后 list = " + Arrays.toString(list.toArray()));
System.out.println("添加元素后 list = " + list);
/* 中间插入元素 */
list.add(3, 6);
System.out.println("在索引 3 处插入数字 6 ，得到 list = " + Arrays.toString(list.toArray()));
System.out.println("在索引 3 处插入数字 6 ，得到 list = " + list);
/* 删除元素 */
list.remove(3);
System.out.println("删除索引 3 处的元素，得到 list = " + Arrays.toString(list.toArray()));
System.out.println("删除索引 3 处的元素，得到 list = " + list);
/* 通过索引遍历列表 */
int count = 0;
@ -53,10 +53,10 @@ public class list {
/* 拼接两个列表 */
List<Integer> list1 = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(new Integer[] { 6, 8, 7, 10, 9 }));
list.addAll(list1);
System.out.println("将列表 list1 拼接到 list 之后，得到 list = " + Arrays.toString(list.toArray()));
System.out.println("将列表 list1 拼接到 list 之后，得到 list = " + list);
/* 排序列表 */
Collections.sort(list);
System.out.println("排序列表后 list = " + Arrays.toString(list.toArray()));
System.out.println("排序列表后 list = " + list);
}
}

113
codes/java/chapter_stack_and_queue/array_queue.java
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@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
package chapter_stack_and_queue;
import java.util.*;
/* 基于环形数组实现的队列 */
class ArrayQueue {
int[] nums; // 用于存储队列元素的数组
int size = 0; // 队列长度（即元素个数）
int front = 0; // 头指针，指向队首
int rear = 0; // 尾指针，指向队尾 + 1
public ArrayQueue(int capacity) {
// 初始化数组
nums = new int[capacity];
}
/* 获取队列的容量 */
public int capacity() {
return nums.length;
}
/* 获取队列的长度 */
public int size() {
int capacity = capacity();
// 由于将数组看作为环形，可能 rear < front ，因此需要取余数
return (capacity + rear - front) % capacity;
}
/* 判断队列是否为空 */
public boolean isEmpty() {
return rear - front == 0;
}
/* 入队 */
public void offer(int num) {
if (size() == capacity()) {
System.out.println("队列已满");
return;
}
// 尾结点后添加 num
nums[rear] = num;
// 尾指针向后移动一位，越过尾部后返回到数组头部
rear = (rear + 1) % capacity();
}
/* 出队 */
public int poll() {
// 删除头节点
if (isEmpty())
throw new EmptyStackException();
int num = nums[front];
// 队头指针向后移动，越过尾部后返回到数组头部
front = (front + 1) % capacity();
return num;
}
/* 访问队首元素 */
public int peek() {
// 删除头节点
if (isEmpty())
throw new EmptyStackException();
return nums[front];
}
public int[] toArray() {
int size = size();
int capacity = capacity();
// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素
int[] arr = new int[size];
for (int i = 0, j = front; i < size; i++, j++) {
arr[i] = nums[j % capacity];
}
return arr;
}
}
public class array_queue {
public static void main(String[] args) {
/* 初始化队列 */
int capacity = 10;
ArrayQueue queue = new ArrayQueue(capacity);
/* 元素入队 */
queue.offer(1);
queue.offer(3);
queue.offer(2);
queue.offer(5);
queue.offer(4);
System.out.println("队列 queue = " + Arrays.toString(queue.toArray()));
/* 访问队首元素 */
int peek = queue.peek();
System.out.println("队首元素 peek = " + peek);
/* 元素出队 */
int poll = queue.poll();
System.out.println("出队元素 poll = " + poll + "，出队后 queue = " + Arrays.toString(queue.toArray()));
/* 获取队列的长度 */
int size = queue.size();
System.out.println("队列长度 size = " + size);
/* 判断队列是否为空 */
boolean isEmpty = queue.isEmpty();
/* 测试环形数组 */
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
queue.offer(i);
queue.poll();
System.out.println("第 " + i + " 轮入队+出队后 queue = " + Arrays.toString(queue.toArray()));
}
}
}

77
codes/java/chapter_stack_and_queue/array_stack.java
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@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
package chapter_stack_and_queue;
import java.util.*;
/* 基于数组实现的栈 */
class ArrayStack {
ArrayList<Integer> list;
public ArrayStack() {
// 初始化列表（动态数组）
list = new ArrayList<>();
}
/* 获取栈的长度 */
public int size() {
return list.size();
}
/* 判断栈是否为空 */
public boolean isEmpty() {
return size() == 0;
}
/* 入栈 */
public void push(int num) {
list.add(num);
}
/* 出栈 */
public int pop() {
return list.remove(size() - 1);
}
/* 访问栈顶元素 */
public int peek() {
return list.get(size() - 1);
}
/* 访问索引 index 处元素 */
public int get(int index) {
return list.get(index);
}
/* 将 List 转化为 Array 并返回 */
public Object[] toArray() {
return list.toArray();
}
}
public class array_stack {
public static void main(String[] args) {
/* 初始化栈 */
ArrayStack stack = new ArrayStack();
/* 元素入栈 */
stack.push(1);
stack.push(3);
stack.push(2);
stack.push(5);
stack.push(4);
System.out.println("栈 stack = " + Arrays.toString(stack.toArray()));
/* 访问栈顶元素 */
int peek = stack.peek();
System.out.println("栈顶元素 peek = " + peek);
/* 元素出栈 */
int pop = stack.pop();
System.out.println("出栈元素 pop = " + pop + "，出栈后 stack = " + Arrays.toString(stack.toArray()));
/* 获取栈的长度 */
int size = stack.size();
System.out.println("栈的长度 size = " + size);
/* 判断是否为空 */
boolean isEmpty = stack.isEmpty();
}
}

37
codes/java/chapter_stack_and_queue/deque.java
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@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
package chapter_stack_and_queue;
import java.util.*;
public class deque {
public static void main(String[] args) {
/* 初始化队列 */
Deque<Integer> deque = new LinkedList<>();
/* 元素入队 */
deque.offerLast(2);
deque.offerLast(5);
deque.offerLast(4);
deque.offerFirst(3);
deque.offerFirst(1);
System.out.println("队列 deque = " + deque);
/* 访问队首元素 */
int peekFirst = deque.peekFirst();
System.out.println("队首元素 peekFirst = " + peekFirst);
int peekLast = deque.peekLast();
System.out.println("队尾元素 peekLast = " + peekLast);
/* 元素出队 */
int pollFirst = deque.pollFirst();
System.out.println("队首出队元素 pollFirst = " + pollFirst + "，队首出队后 deque = " + deque);
int pollLast = deque.pollLast();
System.out.println("队尾出队元素 pollLast = " + pollLast + "，队尾出队后 deque = " + deque);
/* 获取队列的长度 */
int size = deque.size();
System.out.println("队列长度 size = " + size);
/* 判断队列是否为空 */
boolean isEmpty = deque.isEmpty();
}
}

75
codes/java/chapter_stack_and_queue/linkedlist_queue.java
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@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
package chapter_stack_and_queue;
import java.util.*;
/* 基于链表实现的队列 */
class LinkedListQueue {
LinkedList<Integer> list;
public LinkedListQueue() {
// 初始化链表
list = new LinkedList<>();
}
/* 获取队列的长度 */
public int size() {
return list.size();
}
/* 判断队列是否为空 */
public boolean isEmpty() {
return list.size() == 0;
}
/* 入队 */
public void offer(int num) {
// 尾结点后添加 num
list.addLast(num);
}
/* 出队 */
public int poll() {
// 删除头节点
return list.removeFirst();
}
/* 访问队首元素 */
public int peek() {
return list.getFirst();
}
/* 将 List 转化为 Array 并返回 */
public Object[] toArray() {
return list.toArray();
}
}
public class linkedlist_queue {
public static void main(String[] args) {
/* 初始化队列 */
LinkedListQueue queue = new LinkedListQueue();
/* 元素入队 */
queue.offer(1);
queue.offer(3);
queue.offer(2);
queue.offer(5);
queue.offer(4);
System.out.println("队列 queue = " + Arrays.toString(queue.toArray()));
/* 访问队首元素 */
int peek = queue.peek();
System.out.println("队首元素 peek = " + peek);
/* 元素出队 */
int poll = queue.poll();
System.out.println("出队元素 poll = " + poll + "，出队后 queue = " + Arrays.toString(queue.toArray()));
/* 获取队列的长度 */
int size = queue.size();
System.out.println("队列长度 size = " + size);
/* 判断队列是否为空 */
boolean isEmpty = queue.isEmpty();
}
}

72
codes/java/chapter_stack_and_queue/linkedlist_stack.java
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@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
package chapter_stack_and_queue;
import java.util.*;
/* 基于链表实现的栈 */
class LinkedListStack {
LinkedList<Integer> list;
public LinkedListStack() {
// 初始化链表
list = new LinkedList<>();
}
/* 获取栈的长度 */
public int size() {
return list.size();
}
/* 判断栈是否为空 */
public boolean isEmpty() {
return size() == 0;
}
/* 入栈 */
public void push(int num) {
list.addLast(num);
}
/* 出栈 */
public int pop() {
return list.removeLast();
}
/* 访问栈顶元素 */
public int peek() {
return list.getLast();
}
/* 将 List 转化为 Array 并返回 */
public Object[] toArray() {
return list.toArray();
}
}
public class linkedlist_stack {
public static void main(String[] args) {
/* 初始化栈 */
LinkedListStack stack = new LinkedListStack();
/* 元素入栈 */
stack.push(1);
stack.push(3);
stack.push(2);
stack.push(5);
stack.push(4);
System.out.println("栈 stack = " + Arrays.toString(stack.toArray()));
/* 访问栈顶元素 */
int peek = stack.peek();
System.out.println("栈顶元素 peek = " + peek);
/* 元素出栈 */
int pop = stack.pop();
System.out.println("出栈元素 pop = " + pop + "，出栈后 stack = " + Arrays.toString(stack.toArray()));
/* 获取栈的长度 */
int size = stack.size();
System.out.println("栈的长度 size = " + size);
/* 判断是否为空 */
boolean isEmpty = stack.isEmpty();
}
}

33
codes/java/chapter_stack_and_queue/queue.java
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@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
package chapter_stack_and_queue;
import java.util.*;
public class queue {
public static void main(String[] args) {
/* 初始化队列 */
Queue<Integer> queue = new LinkedList<>();
/* 元素入队 */
queue.offer(1);
queue.offer(3);
queue.offer(2);
queue.offer(5);
queue.offer(4);
System.out.println("队列 queue = " + queue);
/* 访问队首元素 */
int peek = queue.peek();
System.out.println("队首元素 peek = " + peek);
/* 元素出队 */
int poll = queue.poll();
System.out.println("出队元素 poll = " + poll + "，出队后 queue = " + queue);
/* 获取队列的长度 */
int size = queue.size();
System.out.println("队列长度 size = " + size);
/* 判断队列是否为空 */
boolean isEmpty = queue.isEmpty();
}
}

33
codes/java/chapter_stack_and_queue/stack.java
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@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
package chapter_stack_and_queue;
import java.util.*;
public class stack {
public static void main(String[] args) {
/* 初始化栈 */
Stack<Integer> stack = new Stack<>();
/* 元素入栈 */
stack.push(1);
stack.push(3);
stack.push(2);
stack.push(5);
stack.push(4);
System.out.println("栈 stack = " + stack);
/* 访问栈顶元素 */
int peek = stack.peek();
System.out.println("栈顶元素 peek = " + peek);
/* 元素出栈 */
int pop = stack.pop();
System.out.println("出栈元素 pop = " + pop + "，出栈后 stack = " + stack);
/* 获取栈的长度 */
int size = stack.size();
System.out.println("栈的长度 size = " + size);
/* 判断是否为空 */
boolean isEmpty = stack.isEmpty();
}
}

1
docs/index.md
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@ -21,3 +21,4 @@ TODO
| 新增：数据与内存 | 2022-11-05 |
| 更新：各章节 Java 代码 | 2022-11-06 |
| 更新：列表 Java 代码、配图 | 2022-11-07 |
| 新增：栈与队列 | 2022-11-09 |

5
mkdocs.yml
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@ -135,5 +135,10 @@ nav:
- 链表: chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list.md
- 列表: chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list.md
- 小结: chapter_array_and_linkedlist/summary.md
- 栈与队列:
- chapter_stack_and_queue/index.md
- 栈: chapter_stack_and_queue/stack.md
- 队列: chapter_stack_and_queue/queue.md
- 小结: chapter_stack_and_queue/summary.md
- License:
- chapter_license/index.md
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