feat(go/dp): support dynamic programming (#622)
* feat(go/dp): support climbing stairs * feat(go/dp): support knapsack * feat(go/dp): coin_change & edit_distancepull/651/head
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// File: climbing_stairs_backtrack.go
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// Created Time: 2023-07-18
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// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
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package chapter_dynamic_programming
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/* 回溯 */
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func backtrack(choices []int, state, n int, res []int) {
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// 当爬到第 n 阶时,方案数量加 1
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if state == n {
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res[0] = res[0] + 1
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}
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// 遍历所有选择
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for _, choice := range choices {
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// 剪枝:不允许越过第 n 阶
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if state+choice > n {
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break
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}
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// 尝试:做出选择,更新状态
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backtrack(choices, state+choice, n, res)
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// 回退
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}
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}
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/* 爬楼梯:回溯 */
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func climbingStairsBacktrack(n int) int {
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// 可选择向上爬 1 或 2 阶
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choices := []int{1, 2}
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// 从第 0 阶开始爬
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state := 0
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res := make([]int, 1)
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// 使用 res[0] 记录方案数量
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res[0] = 0
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backtrack(choices, state, n, res)
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return res[0]
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}
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// File: climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.go
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// Created Time: 2023-07-18
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// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
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package chapter_dynamic_programming
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/* 带约束爬楼梯:动态规划 */
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func climbingStairsConstraintDP(n int) int {
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if n == 1 || n == 2 {
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return n
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}
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// 初始化 dp 表,用于存储子问题的解
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dp := make([][3]int, n+1)
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// 初始状态:预设最小子问题的解
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dp[1][1] = 1
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dp[1][2] = 0
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dp[2][1] = 0
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dp[2][2] = 1
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// 状态转移:从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题
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for i := 3; i <= n; i++ {
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dp[i][1] = dp[i-1][2]
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dp[i][2] = dp[i-2][1] + dp[i-2][2]
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}
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return dp[n][1] + dp[n][2]
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}
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// File: climbing_stairs_dfs.go
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// Created Time: 2023-07-18
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// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
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package chapter_dynamic_programming
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/* 搜索 */
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func dfs(i int) int {
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// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ,返回之
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if i == 1 || i == 2 {
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return i
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}
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// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]
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count := dfs(i-1) + dfs(i-2)
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return count
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}
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/* 爬楼梯:搜索 */
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func climbingStairsDFS(n int) int {
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return dfs(n)
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}
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// File: climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.go
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// Created Time: 2023-07-18
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// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
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package chapter_dynamic_programming
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/* 记忆化搜索 */
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func dfsMem(i int, mem []int) int {
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// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ,返回之
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if i == 1 || i == 2 {
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return i
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}
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// 若存在记录 dp[i] ,则直接返回之
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if mem[i] != -1 {
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return mem[i]
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}
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// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]
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count := dfsMem(i-1, mem) + dfsMem(i-2, mem)
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// 记录 dp[i]
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mem[i] = count
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return count
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}
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/* 爬楼梯:记忆化搜索 */
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func climbingStairsDFSMem(n int) int {
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// mem[i] 记录爬到第 i 阶的方案总数,-1 代表无记录
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mem := make([]int, n+1)
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for i := range mem {
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mem[i] = -1
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}
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return dfsMem(n, mem)
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}
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// File: climbing_stairs_dp.go
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// Created Time: 2023-07-18
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// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
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package chapter_dynamic_programming
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/* 爬楼梯:动态规划 */
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func climbingStairsDP(n int) int {
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if n == 1 || n == 2 {
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return n
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}
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// 初始化 dp 表,用于存储子问题的解
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dp := make([]int, n+1)
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// 初始状态:预设最小子问题的解
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dp[1] = 1
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dp[2] = 2
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// 状态转移:从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题
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for i := 3; i <= n; i++ {
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dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]
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}
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return dp[n]
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}
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/* 爬楼梯:状态压缩后的动态规划 */
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func climbingStairsDPComp(n int) int {
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if n == 1 || n == 2 {
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return n
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}
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a, b := 1, 2
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// 状态转移:从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题
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for i := 3; i <= n; i++ {
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a, b = b, a+b
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}
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return b
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}
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// File: climbing_stairs_test.go
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// Created Time: 2023-07-18
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// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
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package chapter_dynamic_programming
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import (
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"fmt"
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"testing"
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)
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func TestClimbingStairsBacktrack(t *testing.T) {
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n := 9
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res := climbingStairsBacktrack(n)
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fmt.Printf("爬 %d 阶楼梯共有 %d 种方案\n", n, res)
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}
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func TestClimbingStairsDFS(t *testing.T) {
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n := 9
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res := climbingStairsDFS(n)
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fmt.Printf("爬 %d 阶楼梯共有 %d 种方案\n", n, res)
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}
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func TestClimbingStairsDFSMem(t *testing.T) {
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n := 9
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res := climbingStairsDFSMem(n)
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fmt.Printf("爬 %d 阶楼梯共有 %d 种方案\n", n, res)
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}
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func TestClimbingStairsDP(t *testing.T) {
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n := 9
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res := climbingStairsDP(n)
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fmt.Printf("爬 %d 阶楼梯共有 %d 种方案\n", n, res)
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}
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func TestClimbingStairsDPComp(t *testing.T) {
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n := 9
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res := climbingStairsDPComp(n)
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fmt.Printf("爬 %d 阶楼梯共有 %d 种方案\n", n, res)
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}
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func TestClimbingStairsConstraintDP(t *testing.T) {
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n := 9
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res := climbingStairsConstraintDP(n)
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fmt.Printf("爬 %d 阶楼梯共有 %d 种方案\n", n, res)
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}
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func TestMinCostClimbingStairsDPComp(t *testing.T) {
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cost := []int{0, 1, 10, 1, 1, 1, 10, 1, 1, 10, 1}
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fmt.Printf("输入楼梯的代价列表为 %v\n", cost)
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res := minCostClimbingStairsDP(cost)
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fmt.Printf("爬完楼梯的最低代价为 %d\n", res)
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res = minCostClimbingStairsDPComp(cost)
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fmt.Printf("爬完楼梯的最低代价为 %d\n", res)
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}
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// File: coin_change.go
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// Created Time: 2023-07-23
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// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
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package chapter_dynamic_programming
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import "math"
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/* 零钱兑换:动态规划 */
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func coinChangeDP(coins []int, amt int) int {
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n := len(coins)
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max := amt + 1
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// 初始化 dp 表
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dp := make([][]int, n+1)
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for i := 0; i <= n; i++ {
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dp[i] = make([]int, amt+1)
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}
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// 状态转移:首行首列
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for a := 1; a <= amt; a++ {
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dp[0][a] = max
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}
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// 状态转移:其余行列
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for i := 1; i <= n; i++ {
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for a := 1; a <= amt; a++ {
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if coins[i-1] > a {
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// 若超过背包容量,则不选硬币 i
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dp[i][a] = dp[i-1][a]
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} else {
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// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值
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dp[i][a] = int(math.Min(float64(dp[i-1][a]), float64(dp[i][a-coins[i-1]]+1)))
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}
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}
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}
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if dp[n][amt] != max {
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return dp[n][amt]
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}
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return -1
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}
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/* 零钱兑换:动态规划 */
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func coinChangeDPComp(coins []int, amt int) int {
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n := len(coins)
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max := amt + 1
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// 初始化 dp 表
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dp := make([]int, amt+1)
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for i := 1; i <= amt; i++ {
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dp[i] = max
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}
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// 状态转移
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for i := 1; i <= n; i++ {
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// 倒序遍历
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for a := 1; a <= amt; a++ {
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if coins[i-1] > a {
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// 若超过背包容量,则不选硬币 i
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dp[a] = dp[a]
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} else {
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// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值
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dp[a] = int(math.Min(float64(dp[a]), float64(dp[a-coins[i-1]]+1)))
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}
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}
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}
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if dp[amt] != max {
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return dp[amt]
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}
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return -1
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}
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// File: coin_change_test.go
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// Created Time: 2023-07-23
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// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
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package chapter_dynamic_programming
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import (
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"fmt"
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"testing"
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)
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func TestCoinChange(t *testing.T) {
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coins := []int{1, 2, 5}
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amt := 4
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// 动态规划
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res := coinChangeDP(coins, amt)
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fmt.Printf("凑到目标金额所需的最少硬币数量为 %d\n", res)
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// 状态压缩后的动态规划
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res = coinChangeDPComp(coins, amt)
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fmt.Printf("凑到目标金额所需的最少硬币数量为 %d\n", res)
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}
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// File: edit_distance.go
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// Created Time: 2023-07-23
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// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
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package chapter_dynamic_programming
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/* 编辑距离:暴力搜索 */
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func editDistanceDFS(s string, t string, i int, j int) int {
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// 若 s 和 t 都为空,则返回 0
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if i == 0 && j == 0 {
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return 0
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}
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// 若 s 为空,则返回 t 长度
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if i == 0 {
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return j
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}
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// 若 t 为空,则返回 s 长度
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if j == 0 {
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return i
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}
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// 若两字符相等,则直接跳过此两字符
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if s[i-1] == t[j-1] {
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return editDistanceDFS(s, t, i-1, j-1)
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}
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// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1
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insert := editDistanceDFS(s, t, i, j-1)
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deleted := editDistanceDFS(s, t, i-1, j)
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replace := editDistanceDFS(s, t, i-1, j-1)
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// 返回最少编辑步数
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return MinInt(MinInt(insert, deleted), replace) + 1
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}
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/* 编辑距离:记忆化搜索 */
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func editDistanceDFSMem(s string, t string, mem [][]int, i int, j int) int {
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// 若 s 和 t 都为空,则返回 0
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if i == 0 && j == 0 {
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return 0
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}
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// 若 s 为空,则返回 t 长度
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if i == 0 {
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return j
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}
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// 若 t 为空,则返回 s 长度
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if j == 0 {
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return i
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}
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// 若已有记录,则直接返回之
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if mem[i][j] != -1 {
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return mem[i][j]
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}
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// 若两字符相等,则直接跳过此两字符
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if s[i-1] == t[j-1] {
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return editDistanceDFSMem(s, t, mem, i-1, j-1)
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}
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// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1
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insert := editDistanceDFSMem(s, t, mem, i, j-1)
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deleted := editDistanceDFSMem(s, t, mem, i-1, j)
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replace := editDistanceDFSMem(s, t, mem, i-1, j-1)
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// 记录并返回最少编辑步数
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mem[i][j] = MinInt(MinInt(insert, deleted), replace) + 1
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return mem[i][j]
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}
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/* 编辑距离:动态规划 */
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func editDistanceDP(s string, t string) int {
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n := len(s)
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m := len(t)
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dp := make([][]int, n+1)
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for i := 0; i <= n; i++ {
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dp[i] = make([]int, m+1)
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}
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// 状态转移:首行首列
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for i := 1; i <= n; i++ {
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dp[i][0] = i
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}
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for j := 1; j <= m; j++ {
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dp[0][j] = j
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}
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// 状态转移:其余行列
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for i := 1; i <= n; i++ {
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for j := 1; j <= m; j++ {
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if s[i-1] == t[j-1] {
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// 若两字符相等,则直接跳过此两字符
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dp[i][j] = dp[i-1][j-1]
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} else {
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// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1
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dp[i][j] = MinInt(MinInt(dp[i][j-1], dp[i-1][j]), dp[i-1][j-1]) + 1
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}
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}
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}
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return dp[n][m]
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}
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/* 编辑距离:状态压缩后的动态规划 */
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func editDistanceDPComp(s string, t string) int {
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n := len(s)
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m := len(t)
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dp := make([]int, m+1)
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// 状态转移:首行
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for j := 1; j <= m; j++ {
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dp[j] = j
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}
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// 状态转移:其余行
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for i := 1; i <= n; i++ {
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// 状态转移:首列
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leftUp := dp[0] // 暂存 dp[i-1, j-1]
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dp[0] = i
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// 状态转移:其余列
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for j := 1; j <= m; j++ {
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temp := dp[j]
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if s[i-1] == t[j-1] {
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// 若两字符相等,则直接跳过此两字符
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dp[j] = leftUp
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} else {
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// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1
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dp[j] = MinInt(MinInt(dp[j-1], dp[j]), leftUp) + 1
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}
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leftUp = temp // 更新为下一轮的 dp[i-1, j-1]
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}
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}
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return dp[m]
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}
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func MinInt(a, b int) int {
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if a < b {
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return a
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}
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return b
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}
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|
||||
// File: edit_distance_test.go
|
||||
// Created Time: 2023-07-23
|
||||
// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
|
||||
|
||||
package chapter_dynamic_programming
|
||||
|
||||
import (
|
||||
"fmt"
|
||||
"testing"
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
func TestEditDistanceDFS(test *testing.T) {
|
||||
s := "bag"
|
||||
t := "pack"
|
||||
n := len(s)
|
||||
m := len(t)
|
||||
|
||||
// 暴力搜索
|
||||
res := editDistanceDFS(s, t, n, m)
|
||||
fmt.Printf("将 %s 更改为 %s 最少需要编辑 %d 步\n", s, t, res)
|
||||
|
||||
// 记忆化搜索
|
||||
mem := make([][]int, n+1)
|
||||
for i := 0; i <= n; i++ {
|
||||
mem[i] = make([]int, m+1)
|
||||
for j := 0; j <= m; j++ {
|
||||
mem[i][j] = -1
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
res = editDistanceDFSMem(s, t, mem, n, m)
|
||||
fmt.Printf("将 %s 更改为 %s 最少需要编辑 %d 步\n", s, t, res)
|
||||
|
||||
// 动态规划
|
||||
res = editDistanceDP(s, t)
|
||||
fmt.Printf("将 %s 更改为 %s 最少需要编辑 %d 步\n", s, t, res)
|
||||
|
||||
// 状态压缩后的动态规划
|
||||
res = editDistanceDPComp(s, t)
|
||||
fmt.Printf("将 %s 更改为 %s 最少需要编辑 %d 步\n", s, t, res)
|
||||
}
|
@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
|
||||
// File: knapsack.go
|
||||
// Created Time: 2023-07-23
|
||||
// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
|
||||
|
||||
package chapter_dynamic_programming
|
||||
|
||||
import "math"
|
||||
|
||||
/* 0-1 背包:暴力搜索 */
|
||||
func knapsackDFS(wgt, val []int, i, c int) int {
|
||||
// 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量,则返回价值 0
|
||||
if i == 0 || c == 0 {
|
||||
return 0
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 若超过背包容量,则只能不放入背包
|
||||
if wgt[i-1] > c {
|
||||
return knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i-1, c)
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值
|
||||
no := knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i-1, c)
|
||||
yes := knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i-1, c-wgt[i-1]) + val[i-1]
|
||||
// 返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个
|
||||
return int(math.Max(float64(no), float64(yes)))
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 0-1 背包:记忆化搜索 */
|
||||
func knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val []int, mem [][]int, i, c int) int {
|
||||
// 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量,则返回价值 0
|
||||
if i == 0 || c == 0 {
|
||||
return 0
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 若已有记录,则直接返回
|
||||
if mem[i][c] != -1 {
|
||||
return mem[i][c]
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 若超过背包容量,则只能不放入背包
|
||||
if wgt[i-1] > c {
|
||||
return knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i-1, c)
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值
|
||||
no := knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i-1, c)
|
||||
yes := knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i-1, c-wgt[i-1]) + val[i-1]
|
||||
// 返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个
|
||||
mem[i][c] = int(math.Max(float64(no), float64(yes)))
|
||||
return mem[i][c]
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 0-1 背包:动态规划 */
|
||||
func knapsackDP(wgt, val []int, cap int) int {
|
||||
n := len(wgt)
|
||||
// 初始化 dp 表
|
||||
dp := make([][]int, n+1)
|
||||
for i := 0; i <= n; i++ {
|
||||
dp[i] = make([]int, cap+1)
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 状态转移
|
||||
for i := 1; i <= n; i++ {
|
||||
for c := 1; c <= cap; c++ {
|
||||
if wgt[i-1] > c {
|
||||
// 若超过背包容量,则不选物品 i
|
||||
dp[i][c] = dp[i-1][c]
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值
|
||||
dp[i][c] = int(math.Max(float64(dp[i-1][c]), float64(dp[i-1][c-wgt[i-1]]+val[i-1])))
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
return dp[n][cap]
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 0-1 背包:状态压缩后的动态规划 */
|
||||
func knapsackDPComp(wgt, val []int, cap int) int {
|
||||
n := len(wgt)
|
||||
// 初始化 dp 表
|
||||
dp := make([]int, cap+1)
|
||||
// 状态转移
|
||||
for i := 1; i <= n; i++ {
|
||||
// 倒序遍历
|
||||
for c := cap; c >= 1; c-- {
|
||||
if wgt[i-1] <= c {
|
||||
// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值
|
||||
dp[c] = int(math.Max(float64(dp[c]), float64(dp[c-wgt[i-1]]+val[i-1])))
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
return dp[cap]
|
||||
}
|
@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
|
||||
// File: knapsack_test.go
|
||||
// Created Time: 2023-07-23
|
||||
// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
|
||||
|
||||
package chapter_dynamic_programming
|
||||
|
||||
import (
|
||||
"fmt"
|
||||
"testing"
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
func TestKnapsack(t *testing.T) {
|
||||
wgt := []int{10, 20, 30, 40, 50}
|
||||
val := []int{50, 120, 150, 210, 240}
|
||||
c := 50
|
||||
n := len(wgt)
|
||||
|
||||
// 暴力搜索
|
||||
res := knapsackDFS(wgt, val, n, c)
|
||||
fmt.Printf("不超过背包容量的最大物品价值为 %d\n", res)
|
||||
|
||||
// 记忆化搜索
|
||||
mem := make([][]int, n+1)
|
||||
for i := 0; i <= n; i++ {
|
||||
mem[i] = make([]int, c+1)
|
||||
for j := 0; j <= c; j++ {
|
||||
mem[i][j] = -1
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
res = knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, n, c)
|
||||
fmt.Printf("不超过背包容量的最大物品价值为 %d\n", res)
|
||||
|
||||
// 动态规划
|
||||
res = knapsackDP(wgt, val, c)
|
||||
fmt.Printf("不超过背包容量的最大物品价值为 %d\n", res)
|
||||
|
||||
// 状态压缩后的动态规划
|
||||
res = knapsackDPComp(wgt, val, c)
|
||||
fmt.Printf("不超过背包容量的最大物品价值为 %d\n", res)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
func TestUnboundedKnapsack(t *testing.T) {
|
||||
wgt := []int{1, 2, 3}
|
||||
val := []int{5, 11, 15}
|
||||
c := 4
|
||||
|
||||
// 动态规划
|
||||
res := unboundedKnapsackDP(wgt, val, c)
|
||||
fmt.Printf("不超过背包容量的最大物品价值为 %d\n", res)
|
||||
|
||||
// 状态压缩后的动态规划
|
||||
res = unboundedKnapsackDPComp(wgt, val, c)
|
||||
fmt.Printf("不超过背包容量的最大物品价值为 %d\n", res)
|
||||
}
|
@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
|
||||
// File: min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.go
|
||||
// Created Time: 2023-07-23
|
||||
// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
|
||||
|
||||
package chapter_dynamic_programming
|
||||
|
||||
import "math"
|
||||
|
||||
/* 爬楼梯最小代价:动态规划 */
|
||||
func minCostClimbingStairsDP(cost []int) int {
|
||||
n := len(cost) - 1
|
||||
if n == 1 || n == 2 {
|
||||
return cost[n]
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 初始化 dp 表,用于存储子问题的解
|
||||
dp := make([]int, n+1)
|
||||
// 初始状态:预设最小子问题的解
|
||||
dp[1] = cost[1]
|
||||
dp[2] = cost[2]
|
||||
// 状态转移:从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题
|
||||
for i := 3; i <= n; i++ {
|
||||
dp[i] = int(math.Min(float64(dp[i-1]), float64(dp[i-2]+cost[i])))
|
||||
}
|
||||
return dp[n]
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 爬楼梯最小代价:状态压缩后的动态规划 */
|
||||
func minCostClimbingStairsDPComp(cost []int) int {
|
||||
n := len(cost) - 1
|
||||
if n == 1 || n == 2 {
|
||||
return cost[n]
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 初始状态:预设最小子问题的解
|
||||
a, b := cost[1], cost[2]
|
||||
// 状态转移:从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题
|
||||
for i := 3; i <= n; i++ {
|
||||
tmp := b
|
||||
b = int(math.Min(float64(a), float64(tmp+cost[i])))
|
||||
a = tmp
|
||||
}
|
||||
return b
|
||||
}
|
@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
|
||||
// File: min_path_sum.go
|
||||
// Created Time: 2023-07-23
|
||||
// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
|
||||
|
||||
package chapter_dynamic_programming
|
||||
|
||||
import "math"
|
||||
|
||||
/* 最小路径和:暴力搜索 */
|
||||
func minPathSumDFS(grid [][]int, i, j int) int {
|
||||
// 若为左上角单元格,则终止搜索
|
||||
if i == 0 && j == 0 {
|
||||
return grid[0][0]
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 若行列索引越界,则返回 +∞ 代价
|
||||
if i < 0 || j < 0 {
|
||||
return math.MaxInt
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 计算从左上角到 (i-1, j) 和 (i, j-1) 的最小路径代价
|
||||
left := minPathSumDFS(grid, i-1, j)
|
||||
up := minPathSumDFS(grid, i, j-1)
|
||||
// 返回从左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价
|
||||
return int(math.Min(float64(left), float64(up))) + grid[i][j]
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 最小路径和:记忆化搜索 */
|
||||
func minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem [][]int, i, j int) int {
|
||||
// 若为左上角单元格,则终止搜索
|
||||
if i == 0 && j == 0 {
|
||||
return grid[0][0]
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 若行列索引越界,则返回 +∞ 代价
|
||||
if i < 0 || j < 0 {
|
||||
return math.MaxInt
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 若已有记录,则直接返回
|
||||
if mem[i][j] != -1 {
|
||||
return mem[i][j]
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 左边和上边单元格的最小路径代价
|
||||
left := minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem, i-1, j)
|
||||
up := minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem, i, j-1)
|
||||
// 记录并返回左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价
|
||||
mem[i][j] = int(math.Min(float64(left), float64(up))) + grid[i][j]
|
||||
return mem[i][j]
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 最小路径和:动态规划 */
|
||||
func minPathSumDP(grid [][]int) int {
|
||||
n, m := len(grid), len(grid[0])
|
||||
// 初始化 dp 表
|
||||
dp := make([][]int, n)
|
||||
for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
|
||||
dp[i] = make([]int, m)
|
||||
}
|
||||
dp[0][0] = grid[0][0]
|
||||
// 状态转移:首行
|
||||
for j := 1; j < m; j++ {
|
||||
dp[0][j] = dp[0][j-1] + grid[0][j]
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 状态转移:首列
|
||||
for i := 1; i < n; i++ {
|
||||
dp[i][0] = dp[i-1][0] + grid[i][0]
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 状态转移:其余行列
|
||||
for i := 1; i < n; i++ {
|
||||
for j := 1; j < m; j++ {
|
||||
dp[i][j] = int(math.Min(float64(dp[i][j-1]), float64(dp[i-1][j]))) + grid[i][j]
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
return dp[n-1][m-1]
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 最小路径和:状态压缩后的动态规划 */
|
||||
func minPathSumDPComp(grid [][]int) int {
|
||||
n, m := len(grid), len(grid[0])
|
||||
// 初始化 dp 表
|
||||
dp := make([]int, m)
|
||||
// 状态转移:首行
|
||||
dp[0] = grid[0][0]
|
||||
for j := 1; j < m; j++ {
|
||||
dp[j] = dp[j-1] + grid[0][j]
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 状态转移:其余行列
|
||||
for i := 1; i < n; i++ {
|
||||
// 状态转移:首列
|
||||
dp[0] = dp[0] + grid[i][0]
|
||||
// 状态转移:其余列
|
||||
for j := 1; j < m; j++ {
|
||||
dp[j] = int(math.Min(float64(dp[j-1]), float64(dp[j]))) + grid[i][j]
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
return dp[m-1]
|
||||
}
|
@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
|
||||
// File: min_path_sum_test.go
|
||||
// Created Time: 2023-07-23
|
||||
// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
|
||||
|
||||
package chapter_dynamic_programming
|
||||
|
||||
import (
|
||||
"fmt"
|
||||
"testing"
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
func TestMinPathSum(t *testing.T) {
|
||||
grid := [][]int{
|
||||
{1, 3, 1, 5},
|
||||
{2, 2, 4, 2},
|
||||
{5, 3, 2, 1},
|
||||
{4, 3, 5, 2},
|
||||
}
|
||||
n, m := len(grid), len(grid[0])
|
||||
|
||||
// 暴力搜索
|
||||
res := minPathSumDFS(grid, n-1, m-1)
|
||||
fmt.Printf("从左上角到右下角的做小路径和为 %d\n", res)
|
||||
|
||||
// 记忆化搜索
|
||||
mem := make([][]int, n)
|
||||
for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
|
||||
mem[i] = make([]int, m)
|
||||
for j := 0; j < m; j++ {
|
||||
mem[i][j] = -1
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
res = minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem, n-1, m-1)
|
||||
fmt.Printf("从左上角到右下角的做小路径和为 %d\n", res)
|
||||
|
||||
// 动态规划
|
||||
res = minPathSumDP(grid)
|
||||
fmt.Printf("从左上角到右下角的做小路径和为 %d\n", res)
|
||||
|
||||
// 状态压缩后的动态规划
|
||||
res = minPathSumDPComp(grid)
|
||||
fmt.Printf("从左上角到右下角的做小路径和为 %d\n", res)
|
||||
}
|
@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
|
||||
// File: unbounded_knapsack.go
|
||||
// Created Time: 2023-07-23
|
||||
// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
|
||||
|
||||
package chapter_dynamic_programming
|
||||
|
||||
import "math"
|
||||
|
||||
/* 完全背包:动态规划 */
|
||||
func unboundedKnapsackDP(wgt, val []int, cap int) int {
|
||||
n := len(wgt)
|
||||
// 初始化 dp 表
|
||||
dp := make([][]int, n+1)
|
||||
for i := 0; i <= n; i++ {
|
||||
dp[i] = make([]int, cap+1)
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 状态转移
|
||||
for i := 1; i <= n; i++ {
|
||||
for c := 1; c <= cap; c++ {
|
||||
if wgt[i-1] > c {
|
||||
// 若超过背包容量,则不选物品 i
|
||||
dp[i][c] = dp[i-1][c]
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值
|
||||
dp[i][c] = int(math.Max(float64(dp[i-1][c]), float64(dp[i][c-wgt[i-1]]+val[i-1])))
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
return dp[n][cap]
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 完全背包:状态压缩后的动态规划 */
|
||||
func unboundedKnapsackDPComp(wgt, val []int, cap int) int {
|
||||
n := len(wgt)
|
||||
// 初始化 dp 表
|
||||
dp := make([]int, cap+1)
|
||||
// 状态转移
|
||||
for i := 1; i <= n; i++ {
|
||||
for c := 1; c <= cap; c++ {
|
||||
if wgt[i-1] > c {
|
||||
// 若超过背包容量,则不选物品 i
|
||||
dp[c] = dp[c]
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值
|
||||
dp[c] = int(math.Max(float64(dp[c]), float64(dp[c-wgt[i-1]]+val[i-1])))
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
return dp[cap]
|
||||
}
|
Loading…
Reference in new issue