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@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
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给定一个二叉树的前序遍历 `preorder` 和中序遍历 `inorder` ,请从中构建二叉树,返回二叉树的根节点。
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给定一个二叉树的前序遍历 `preorder` 和中序遍历 `inorder` ,请从中构建二叉树,返回二叉树的根节点。
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![构建二叉树的示例数据](build_binary_tree.assets/build_tree_example.png)
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![构建二叉树的示例数据](build_binary_tree_problem.assets/build_tree_example.png)
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原问题定义为从 `preorder` 和 `inorder` 构建二叉树。我们首先从分治的角度分析这道题:
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原问题定义为从 `preorder` 和 `inorder` 构建二叉树。我们首先从分治的角度分析这道题:
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@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
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2. 查找根节点在 `inorder` 中的索引,基于该索引可将 `inorder` 划分为 `[ 9 | 3 | 1 2 7 ]` ;
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2. 查找根节点在 `inorder` 中的索引,基于该索引可将 `inorder` 划分为 `[ 9 | 3 | 1 2 7 ]` ;
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3. 根据 `inorder` 划分结果,可得左子树和右子树分别有 1 个和 3 个节点,从而可将 `preorder` 划分为 `[ 3 | 9 | 2 1 7 ]` ;
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3. 根据 `inorder` 划分结果,可得左子树和右子树分别有 1 个和 3 个节点,从而可将 `preorder` 划分为 `[ 3 | 9 | 2 1 7 ]` ;
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![在前序和中序遍历中划分子树](build_binary_tree.assets/build_tree_preorder_inorder_division.png)
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![在前序和中序遍历中划分子树](build_binary_tree_problem.assets/build_tree_preorder_inorder_division.png)
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至此,**我们已经推导出根节点、左子树、右子树在 `preorder` 和 `inorder` 中的索引区间**。而为了描述这些索引区间,我们需要借助几个指针变量:
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至此,**我们已经推导出根节点、左子树、右子树在 `preorder` 和 `inorder` 中的索引区间**。而为了描述这些索引区间,我们需要借助几个指针变量:
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@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
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请注意,右子树根节点索引中的 $(m-l)$ 的含义是“左子树的节点数量”,建议配合下图理解。
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请注意,右子树根节点索引中的 $(m-l)$ 的含义是“左子树的节点数量”,建议配合下图理解。
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![根节点和左右子树的索引区间表示](build_binary_tree.assets/build_tree_division_pointers.png)
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![根节点和左右子树的索引区间表示](build_binary_tree_problem.assets/build_tree_division_pointers.png)
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接下来就可以实现代码了。为了提升查询 $m$ 的效率,我们借助一个哈希表 `hmap` 来存储 `inorder` 列表元素到索引的映射。
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接下来就可以实现代码了。为了提升查询 $m$ 的效率,我们借助一个哈希表 `hmap` 来存储 `inorder` 列表元素到索引的映射。
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@ -142,34 +142,34 @@
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下图展示了构建二叉树的递归过程,各个节点是在向下“递”的过程中建立的,而各条边是在向上“归”的过程中建立的。
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下图展示了构建二叉树的递归过程,各个节点是在向下“递”的过程中建立的,而各条边是在向上“归”的过程中建立的。
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=== "<1>"
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=== "<1>"
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![built_tree_step1](build_binary_tree.assets/built_tree_step1.png)
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![构建二叉树的递归过程](build_binary_tree_problem.assets/built_tree_step1.png)
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=== "<2>"
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=== "<2>"
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![built_tree_step2](build_binary_tree.assets/built_tree_step2.png)
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![built_tree_step2](build_binary_tree_problem.assets/built_tree_step2.png)
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=== "<3>"
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=== "<3>"
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![built_tree_step3](build_binary_tree.assets/built_tree_step3.png)
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![built_tree_step3](build_binary_tree_problem.assets/built_tree_step3.png)
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=== "<4>"
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=== "<4>"
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![built_tree_step4](build_binary_tree.assets/built_tree_step4.png)
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![built_tree_step4](build_binary_tree_problem.assets/built_tree_step4.png)
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=== "<5>"
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=== "<5>"
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![built_tree_step5](build_binary_tree.assets/built_tree_step5.png)
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![built_tree_step5](build_binary_tree_problem.assets/built_tree_step5.png)
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=== "<6>"
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=== "<6>"
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![built_tree_step6](build_binary_tree.assets/built_tree_step6.png)
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![built_tree_step6](build_binary_tree_problem.assets/built_tree_step6.png)
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=== "<7>"
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=== "<7>"
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![built_tree_step7](build_binary_tree.assets/built_tree_step7.png)
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![built_tree_step7](build_binary_tree_problem.assets/built_tree_step7.png)
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=== "<8>"
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=== "<8>"
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![built_tree_step8](build_binary_tree.assets/built_tree_step8.png)
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![built_tree_step8](build_binary_tree_problem.assets/built_tree_step8.png)
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=== "<9>"
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=== "<9>"
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![built_tree_step9](build_binary_tree.assets/built_tree_step9.png)
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![built_tree_step9](build_binary_tree_problem.assets/built_tree_step9.png)
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=== "<10>"
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=== "<10>"
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![built_tree_step10](build_binary_tree.assets/built_tree_step10.png)
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![built_tree_step10](build_binary_tree_problem.assets/built_tree_step10.png)
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设树的节点数量为 $n$ ,初始化每一个节点(执行一个递归函数 `dfs()` )使用 $O(1)$ 时间。**因此总体时间复杂度为 $O(n)$** 。
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设树的节点数量为 $n$ ,初始化每一个节点(执行一个递归函数 `dfs()` )使用 $O(1)$ 时间。**因此总体时间复杂度为 $O(n)$** 。
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