/** * File: climbing_stairs_backtrack.dart * Created Time: 2023-08-11 * Author: liuyuxin (gvenusleo@gmail.com) */ /* 回溯 */ void backtrack(List choices, int state, int n, List res) { // 当爬到第 n 阶时,方案数量加 1 if (state == n) { res[0]++; } // 遍历所有选择 for (int choice in choices) { // 剪枝:不允许越过第 n 阶 if (state + choice > n) continue; // 尝试:做出选择,更新状态 backtrack(choices, state + choice, n, res); // 回退 } } /* 爬楼梯:回溯 */ int climbingStairsBacktrack(int n) { List choices = [1, 2]; // 可选择向上爬 1 阶或 2 阶 int state = 0; // 从第 0 阶开始爬 List res = []; res.add(0); // 使用 res[0] 记录方案数量 backtrack(choices, state, n, res); return res[0]; } /* Driver Code */ void main() { int n = 9; int res = climbingStairsBacktrack(n); print("爬 $n 阶楼梯共有 $res 种方案"); }