// File: space_complexity.zig // Created Time: 2023-01-07 // Author: codingonion (coderonion@gmail.com) const std = @import("std"); const inc = @import("include"); // 函数 fn function() i32 { // 执行某些操作 return 0; } // 常数阶 fn constant(n: i32) void { // 常量、变量、对象占用 O(1) 空间 const a: i32 = 0; var b: i32 = 0; var nums = [_]i32{0}**10000; var node = inc.ListNode(i32){.val = 0}; var i: i32 = 0; // 循环中的变量占用 O(1) 空间 while (i < n) : (i += 1) { var c: i32 = 0; _ = c; } // 循环中的函数占用 O(1) 空间 i = 0; while (i < n) : (i += 1) { _ = function(); } _ = a; _ = b; _ = nums; _ = node; } // 线性阶 fn linear(comptime n: i32) !void { // 长度为 n 的数组占用 O(n) 空间 var nums = [_]i32{0}**n; // 长度为 n 的列表占用 O(n) 空间 var nodes = std.ArrayList(i32).init(std.heap.page_allocator); defer nodes.deinit(); var i: i32 = 0; while (i < n) : (i += 1) { try nodes.append(i); } // 长度为 n 的哈希表占用 O(n) 空间 var map = std.AutoArrayHashMap(i32, []const u8).init(std.heap.page_allocator); defer map.deinit(); var j: i32 = 0; while (j < n) : (j += 1) { const string = try std.fmt.allocPrint(std.heap.page_allocator, "{d}", .{j}); defer std.heap.page_allocator.free(string); try map.put(i, string); } _ = nums; } // 线性阶(递归实现) fn linearRecur(comptime n: i32) void { std.debug.print("递归 n = {}\n", .{n}); if (n == 1) return; linearRecur(n - 1); } // 平方阶 fn quadratic(n: i32) !void { // 二维列表占用 O(n^2) 空间 var nodes = std.ArrayList(std.ArrayList(i32)).init(std.heap.page_allocator); defer nodes.deinit(); var i: i32 = 0; while (i < n) : (i += 1) { var tmp = std.ArrayList(i32).init(std.heap.page_allocator); defer tmp.deinit(); var j: i32 = 0; while (j < n) : (j += 1) { try tmp.append(0); } try nodes.append(tmp); } } // 平方阶(递归实现) fn quadraticRecur(comptime n: i32) i32 { if (n <= 0) return 0; var nums = [_]i32{0}**n; std.debug.print("递归 n = {} 中的 nums 长度 = {}\n", .{n, nums.len}); return quadraticRecur(n - 1); } // 指数阶(建立满二叉树) fn buildTree(mem_allocator: std.mem.Allocator, n: i32) !?*inc.TreeNode(i32) { if (n == 0) return null; const root = try mem_allocator.create(inc.TreeNode(i32)); root.init(0); root.left = try buildTree(mem_allocator, n - 1); root.right = try buildTree(mem_allocator, n - 1); return root; } // Driver Code pub fn main() !void { const n: i32 = 5; // 常数阶 constant(n); // 线性阶 try linear(n); linearRecur(n); // 平方阶 try quadratic(n); _ = quadraticRecur(n); // 指数阶 var mem_arena = std.heap.ArenaAllocator.init(std.heap.page_allocator); defer mem_arena.deinit(); var root = blk_root: { const mem_allocator = mem_arena.allocator(); break :blk_root try buildTree(mem_allocator, n); }; try inc.PrintUtil.printTree(root, null, false); _ = try std.io.getStdIn().reader().readByte(); }