=begin File: subset_sum_i_naive.rb Created Time: 2024-05-22 Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com) =end ### 回溯演算法:子集和 I ### def backtrack(state, target, total, choices, res) # 子集和等於 target 時,記錄解 if total == target res << state.dup return end # 走訪所有選擇 for i in 0...choices.length # 剪枝:若子集和超過 target ,則跳過該選擇 next if total + choices[i] > target # 嘗試:做出選擇,更新元素和 total state << choices[i] # 進行下一輪選擇 backtrack(state, target, total + choices[i], choices, res) # 回退:撤銷選擇,恢復到之前的狀態 state.pop end end ### 求解子集和 I(包含重複子集)### def subset_sum_i_naive(nums, target) state = [] # 狀態(子集) total = 0 # 子集和 res = [] # 結果串列(子集串列) backtrack(state, target, total, nums, res) res end ### Driver Code ### if __FILE__ == $0 nums = [3, 4, 5] target = 9 res = subset_sum_i_naive(nums, target) puts "輸入陣列 nums = #{nums}, target = #{target}" puts "所有和等於 #{target} 的子集 res = #{res}" puts "請注意,該方法輸出的結果包含重複集合" end