=begin File: hash_map_chaining.rb Created Time: 2024-04-13 Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com) =end require_relative './array_hash_map' ### 鍵式位址雜湊表 ### class HashMapChaining ### 建構子 ### def initialize @size = 0 # 鍵值對數量 @capacity = 4 # 雜湊表容量 @load_thres = 2.0 / 3.0 # 觸發擴容的負載因子閾值 @extend_ratio = 2 # 擴容倍數 @buckets = Array.new(@capacity) { [] } # 桶陣列 end ### 雜湊函式 ### def hash_func(key) key % @capacity end ### 負載因子 ### def load_factor @size / @capacity end ### 查詢操作 ### def get(key) index = hash_func(key) bucket = @buckets[index] # 走訪桶,若找到 key ,則返回對應 val for pair in bucket return pair.val if pair.key == key end # 若未找到 key , 則返回 nil nil end ### 新增操作 ### def put(key, val) # 當負載因子超過閾值時,執行擴容 extend if load_factor > @load_thres index = hash_func(key) bucket = @buckets[index] # 走訪桶,若遇到指定 key ,則更新對應 val 並返回 for pair in bucket if pair.key == key pair.val = val return end end # 若無該 key ,則將鍵值對新增至尾部 pair = Pair.new(key, val) bucket << pair @size += 1 end ### 刪除操作 ### def remove(key) index = hash_func(key) bucket = @buckets[index] # 走訪桶,從中刪除鍵值對 for pair in bucket if pair.key == key bucket.delete(pair) @size -= 1 break end end end ### 擴容雜湊表 ### def extend # 暫存原雜湊表 buckets = @buckets # 初始化擴容後的新雜湊表 @capacity *= @extend_ratio @buckets = Array.new(@capacity) { [] } @size = 0 # 將鍵值對從原雜湊表搬運至新雜湊表 for bucket in buckets for pair in bucket put(pair.key, pair.val) end end end ### 列印雜湊表 ### def print for bucket in @buckets res = [] for pair in bucket res << "#{pair.key} -> #{pair.val}" end pp res end end end ### Driver Code ### if __FILE__ == $0 ### 初始化雜湊表 hashmap = HashMapChaining.new # 新增操作 # 在雜湊表中新增鍵值對 (key, value) hashmap.put(12836, "小哈") hashmap.put(15937, "小囉") hashmap.put(16750, "小算") hashmap.put(13276, "小法") hashmap.put(10583, "小鴨") puts "\n新增完成後,雜湊表為\n[Key1 -> Value1, Key2 -> Value2, ...]" hashmap.print # 查詢操作 # 向雜湊表中輸入鍵 key ,得到值 value name = hashmap.get(13276) puts "\n輸入學號 13276 ,查詢到姓名 #{name}" # 刪除操作 # 在雜湊表中刪除鍵值對 (key, value) hashmap.remove(12836) puts "\n刪除 12836 後,雜湊表為\n[Key1 -> Value1, Key2 -> Value2, ...]" hashmap.print end