/** * File: climbing_stairs_backtrack.cs * Created Time: 2023-06-30 * Author: hpstory (hpstory1024@163.com) */ namespace hello_algo.chapter_dynamic_programming; public class climbing_stairs_backtrack { /* 回溯 */ void Backtrack(List choices, int state, int n, List res) { // 當爬到第 n 階時,方案數量加 1 if (state == n) res[0]++; // 走訪所有選擇 foreach (int choice in choices) { // 剪枝:不允許越過第 n 階 if (state + choice > n) continue; // 嘗試:做出選擇,更新狀態 Backtrack(choices, state + choice, n, res); // 回退 } } /* 爬樓梯:回溯 */ int ClimbingStairsBacktrack(int n) { List choices = [1, 2]; // 可選擇向上爬 1 階或 2 階 int state = 0; // 從第 0 階開始爬 List res = [0]; // 使用 res[0] 記錄方案數量 Backtrack(choices, state, n, res); return res[0]; } [Test] public void Test() { int n = 9; int res = ClimbingStairsBacktrack(n); Console.WriteLine($"爬 {n} 階樓梯共有 {res} 種方案"); } }