""" File: array_binary_tree.py Created Time: 2023-07-19 Author: krahets (krahets@163.com) """ import sys from pathlib import Path sys.path.append(str(Path(__file__).parent.parent)) from modules import TreeNode, list_to_tree, print_tree class ArrayBinaryTree: """数组表示下的二叉树类""" def __init__(self, arr: list[int | None]): """构造方法""" self._tree = list(arr) def size(self): """列表容量""" return len(self._tree) def val(self, i: int) -> int: """获取索引为 i 节点的值""" # 若索引越界,则返回 None ,代表空位 if i < 0 or i >= self.size(): return None return self._tree[i] def left(self, i: int) -> int | None: """获取索引为 i 节点的左子节点的索引""" return 2 * i + 1 def right(self, i: int) -> int | None: """获取索引为 i 节点的右子节点的索引""" return 2 * i + 2 def parent(self, i: int) -> int | None: """获取索引为 i 节点的父节点的索引""" return (i - 1) // 2 def level_order(self) -> list[int]: """层序遍历""" self.res = [] # 直接遍历数组 for i in range(self.size()): if self.val(i) is not None: self.res.append(self.val(i)) return self.res def dfs(self, i: int, order: str): """深度优先遍历""" if self.val(i) is None: return # 前序遍历 if order == "pre": self.res.append(self.val(i)) self.dfs(self.left(i), order) # 中序遍历 if order == "in": self.res.append(self.val(i)) self.dfs(self.right(i), order) # 后序遍历 if order == "post": self.res.append(self.val(i)) def pre_order(self) -> list[int]: """前序遍历""" self.res = [] self.dfs(0, order="pre") return self.res def in_order(self) -> list[int]: """中序遍历""" self.res = [] self.dfs(0, order="in") return self.res def post_order(self) -> list[int]: """后序遍历""" self.res = [] self.dfs(0, order="post") return self.res """Driver Code""" if __name__ == "__main__": # 初始化二叉树 # 这里借助了一个从数组直接生成二叉树的函数 arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, None, 6, 7, 8, 9, None, None, 12, None, None, 15] root = list_to_tree(arr) print("\n初始化二叉树\n") print("二叉树的数组表示:") print(arr) print("二叉树的链表表示:") print_tree(root) # 数组表示下的二叉树类 abt = ArrayBinaryTree(arr) # 访问节点 i = 1 l, r, p = abt.left(i), abt.right(i), abt.parent(i) print(f"\n当前节点的索引为 {i} ,值为 {abt.val(i)}") print(f"其左子节点的索引为 {l} ,值为 {abt.val(l)}") print(f"其右子节点的索引为 {r} ,值为 {abt.val(r)}") print(f"其父节点的索引为 {p} ,值为 {abt.val(p)}") # 遍历树 res = abt.level_order() print("\n层序遍历为:", res) res = abt.pre_order() print("前序遍历为:", res) res = abt.in_order() print("中序遍历为:", res) res = abt.post_order() print("后序遍历为:", res)