/** * File: subset_sum_i.cpp * Created Time: 2023-06-21 * Author: krahets (krahets@163.com) */ #include "../utils/common.hpp" /* 回溯演算法:子集和 I */ void backtrack(vector &state, int target, vector &choices, int start, vector> &res) { // 子集和等於 target 時,記錄解 if (target == 0) { res.push_back(state); return; } // 走訪所有選擇 // 剪枝二:從 start 開始走訪,避免生成重複子集 for (int i = start; i < choices.size(); i++) { // 剪枝一:若子集和超過 target ,則直接結束迴圈 // 這是因為陣列已排序,後邊元素更大,子集和一定超過 target if (target - choices[i] < 0) { break; } // 嘗試:做出選擇,更新 target, start state.push_back(choices[i]); // 進行下一輪選擇 backtrack(state, target - choices[i], choices, i, res); // 回退:撤銷選擇,恢復到之前的狀態 state.pop_back(); } } /* 求解子集和 I */ vector> subsetSumI(vector &nums, int target) { vector state; // 狀態(子集) sort(nums.begin(), nums.end()); // 對 nums 進行排序 int start = 0; // 走訪起始點 vector> res; // 結果串列(子集串列) backtrack(state, target, nums, start, res); return res; } /* Driver Code */ int main() { vector nums = {3, 4, 5}; int target = 9; vector> res = subsetSumI(nums, target); cout << "輸入陣列 nums = "; printVector(nums); cout << "target = " << target << endl; cout << "所有和等於 " << target << " 的子集 res = " << endl; printVectorMatrix(res); return 0; }