// File: array_hash_map.zig // Created Time: 2023-01-15 // Author: sjinzh (sjinzh@gmail.com) const std = @import("std"); const inc = @import("include"); // 键值对 const Pair = struct { key: usize = undefined, val: []const u8 = undefined, pub fn init(key: usize, val: []const u8) Pair { return Pair { .key = key, .val = val, }; } }; // 基于数组简易实现的哈希表 pub fn ArrayHashMap(comptime T: type) type { return struct { bucket: ?std.ArrayList(?T) = null, mem_allocator: std.mem.Allocator = undefined, const Self = @This(); // 构造函数 pub fn init(self: *Self, allocator: std.mem.Allocator) !void { self.mem_allocator = allocator; // 初始化一个长度为 100 的桶(数组) self.bucket = std.ArrayList(?T).init(self.mem_allocator); var i: i32 = 0; while (i < 100) : (i += 1) { try self.bucket.?.append(null); } } // 析构函数 pub fn deinit(self: *Self) void { if (self.bucket != null) self.bucket.?.deinit(); } // 哈希函数 fn hashFunc(key: usize) usize { var index = key % 100; return index; } // 查询操作 pub fn get(self: *Self, key: usize) []const u8 { var index = hashFunc(key); var pair = self.bucket.?.items[index]; return pair.?.val; } // 添加操作 pub fn put(self: *Self, key: usize, val: []const u8) !void { var pair = Pair.init(key, val); var index = hashFunc(key); self.bucket.?.items[index] = pair; } // 删除操作 pub fn remove(self: *Self, key: usize) !void { var index = hashFunc(key); // 置为 null ,代表删除 self.bucket.?.items[index] = null; } // 获取所有键值对 pub fn pairSet(self: *Self) !std.ArrayList(T) { var entry_set = std.ArrayList(T).init(self.mem_allocator); for (self.bucket.?.items) |item| { if (item == null) continue; try entry_set.append(item.?); } return entry_set; } // 获取所有键 pub fn keySet(self: *Self) !std.ArrayList(usize) { var key_set = std.ArrayList(usize).init(self.mem_allocator); for (self.bucket.?.items) |item| { if (item == null) continue; try key_set.append(item.?.key); } return key_set; } // 获取所有值 pub fn valueSet(self: *Self) !std.ArrayList([]const u8) { var value_set = std.ArrayList([]const u8).init(self.mem_allocator); for (self.bucket.?.items) |item| { if (item == null) continue; try value_set.append(item.?.val); } return value_set; } // 打印哈希表 pub fn print(self: *Self) !void { var entry_set = try self.pairSet(); defer entry_set.deinit(); for (entry_set.items) |item| { std.debug.print("{} -> {s}\n", .{item.key, item.val}); } } }; } // Driver Code pub fn main() !void { // 初始化哈希表 var map = ArrayHashMap(Pair){}; try map.init(std.heap.page_allocator); defer map.deinit(); // 添加操作 // 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value) try map.put(12836, "小哈"); try map.put(15937, "小啰"); try map.put(16750, "小算"); try map.put(13276, "小法"); try map.put(10583, "小鸭"); std.debug.print("\n添加完成后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value\n", .{}); try map.print(); // 查询操作 // 向哈希表输入键 key ,得到值 value var name = map.get(15937); std.debug.print("\n输入学号 15937 ,查询到姓名 {s}\n", .{name}); // 删除操作 // 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value) try map.remove(10583); std.debug.print("\n删除 10583 后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value\n", .{}); try map.print(); // 遍历哈希表 std.debug.print("\n遍历键值对 Key->Value\n", .{}); var entry_set = try map.pairSet(); for (entry_set.items) |kv| { std.debug.print("{} -> {s}\n", .{kv.key, kv.val}); } defer entry_set.deinit(); std.debug.print("\n单独遍历键 Key\n", .{}); var key_set = try map.keySet(); for (key_set.items) |key| { std.debug.print("{}\n", .{key}); } defer key_set.deinit(); std.debug.print("\n单独遍历值 value\n", .{}); var value_set = try map.valueSet(); for (value_set.items) |val| { std.debug.print("{s}\n", .{val}); } defer value_set.deinit(); _ = try std.io.getStdIn().reader().readByte(); }