/* * File: coin_change_greedy.rs * Created Time: 2023-07-22 * Author: night-cruise (2586447362@qq.com) */ /* 零钱兑换:贪心 */ fn coin_change_greedy(coins: &[i32], mut amt: i32) -> i32 { // 假设 coins 列表有序 let mut i = coins.len() - 1; let mut count = 0; // 循环进行贪心选择,直到无剩余金额 while amt > 0 { // 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币 while i > 0 && coins[i] > amt { i -= 1; } // 选择 coins[i] amt -= coins[i]; count += 1; } // 若未找到可行方案,则返回 -1 if amt == 0 { count } else { -1 } } /* Driver Code */ fn main() { // 贪心:能够保证找到全局最优解 let coins = [1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100]; let amt = 186; let res = coin_change_greedy(&coins, amt); println!("\ncoins = {:?}, amt = {}", coins, amt); println!("凑到 {} 所需的最少硬币数量为 {}", amt, res); // 贪心:无法保证找到全局最优解 let coins = [1, 20, 50]; let amt = 60; let res = coin_change_greedy(&coins, amt); println!("\ncoins = {:?}, amt = {}", coins, amt); println!("凑到 {} 所需的最少硬币数量为 {}", amt, res); println!("实际上需要的最少数量为 3 ,即 20 + 20 + 20"); // 贪心:无法保证找到全局最优解 let coins = [1, 49, 50]; let amt = 98; let res = coin_change_greedy(&coins, amt); println!("\ncoins = {:?}, amt = {}", coins, amt); println!("凑到 {} 所需的最少硬币数量为 {}", amt, res); println!("实际上需要的最少数量为 2 ,即 49 + 49"); }