You can not select more than 25 topics Topics must start with a letter or number, can include dashes ('-') and can be up to 35 characters long.
hello-algo/codes/cpp/chapter_computational_compl.../recursion.cpp

79 lines
1.7 KiB

/**
* File: recursion.cpp
* Created Time: 2023-08-24
* Author: Krahets (krahets@163.com)
*/
#include "../utils/common.hpp"
/* 递归 */
int recur(int n) {
// 终止条件
if (n == 1)
return 1;
// 递:递归调用
int res = recur(n - 1);
// 归:返回结果
return n + res;
}
/* 使用迭代模拟递归 */
int forLoopRecur(int n) {
// 使用一个显式的栈来模拟系统调用栈
stack<int> stack;
int res = 0;
// 递:递归调用
for (int i = n; i > 0; i--) {
// 通过“入栈操作”模拟“递”
stack.push(i);
}
// 归:返回结果
while (!stack.empty()) {
// 通过“出栈操作”模拟“归”
res += stack.top();
stack.pop();
}
// res = 1+2+3+...+n
return res;
}
/* 尾递归 */
int tailRecur(int n, int res) {
// 终止条件
if (n == 0)
return res;
// 尾递归调用
return tailRecur(n - 1, res + n);
}
/* 斐波那契数列:递归 */
int fib(int n) {
// 终止条件 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1
if (n == 1 || n == 2)
return n - 1;
// 递归调用 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)
int res = fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2);
// 返回结果 f(n)
return res;
}
/* Driver Code */
int main() {
int n = 5;
int res;
res = recur(n);
cout << "\n递归函数的求和结果 res = " << res << endl;
res = forLoopRecur(n);
cout << "\n使用迭代模拟递归求和结果 res = " << res << endl;
res = tailRecur(n, 0);
cout << "\n尾递归函数的求和结果 res = " << res << endl;
res = fib(n);
cout << "\n斐波那契数列的第 " << n << " 项为 " << res << endl;
return 0;
}