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hello-algo/codes/kotlin/chapter_stack_and_queue/array_deque.kt

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/**
* File: array_deque.kt
* Created Time: 2024-01-25
* Author: curtishd (1023632660@qq.com)
*/
package chapter_stack_and_queue
/* 基于环形数组实现的双向队列 */
/* 构造方法 */
class ArrayDeque(capacity: Int) {
private var nums: IntArray = IntArray(capacity) // 用于存储双向队列元素的数组
private var front: Int = 0 // 队首指针,指向队首元素
private var queSize: Int = 0 // 双向队列长度
/* 获取双向队列的容量 */
fun capacity(): Int {
return nums.size
}
/* 获取双向队列的长度 */
fun size(): Int {
return queSize
}
/* 判断双向队列是否为空 */
fun isEmpty(): Boolean {
return queSize == 0
}
/* 计算环形数组索引 */
private fun index(i: Int): Int {
// 通过取余操作实现数组首尾相连
// 当 i 越过数组尾部后,回到头部
// 当 i 越过数组头部后,回到尾部
return (i + capacity()) % capacity()
}
/* 队首入队 */
fun pushFirst(num: Int) {
if (queSize == capacity()) {
println("双向队列已满")
return
}
// 队首指针向左移动一位
// 通过取余操作实现 front 越过数组头部后回到尾部
front = index(front - 1)
// 将 num 添加至队首
nums[front] = num
queSize++
}
/* 队尾入队 */
fun pushLast(num: Int) {
if (queSize == capacity()) {
println("双向队列已满")
return
}
// 计算队尾指针,指向队尾索引 + 1
val rear = index(front + queSize)
// 将 num 添加至队尾
nums[rear] = num
queSize++
}
/* 队首出队 */
fun popFirst(): Int {
val num = peekFirst()
// 队首指针向后移动一位
front = index(front + 1)
queSize--
return num
}
/* 队尾出队 */
fun popLast(): Int {
val num = peekLast()
queSize--
return num
}
/* 访问队首元素 */
fun peekFirst(): Int {
if (isEmpty()) throw IndexOutOfBoundsException()
return nums[front]
}
/* 访问队尾元素 */
fun peekLast(): Int {
if (isEmpty()) throw IndexOutOfBoundsException()
// 计算尾元素索引
val last = index(front + queSize - 1)
return nums[last]
}
/* 返回数组用于打印 */
fun toArray(): IntArray {
// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素
val res = IntArray(queSize)
var i = 0
var j = front
while (i < queSize) {
res[i] = nums[index(j)]
i++
j++
}
return res
}
}
/* Driver Code */
fun main() {
/* 初始化双向队列 */
val deque = ArrayDeque(10)
deque.pushLast(3)
deque.pushLast(2)
deque.pushLast(5)
println("双向队列 deque = ${deque.toArray().contentToString()}")
/* 访问元素 */
val peekFirst = deque.peekFirst()
println("队首元素 peekFirst = $peekFirst")
val peekLast = deque.peekLast()
println("队尾元素 peekLast = $peekLast")
/* 元素入队 */
deque.pushLast(4)
println("元素 4 队尾入队后 deque = ${deque.toArray().contentToString()}")
deque.pushFirst(1)
println("元素 1 队首入队后 deque = ${deque.toArray().contentToString()}")
/* 元素出队 */
val popLast = deque.popLast()
println("队尾出队元素 = ${popLast},队尾出队后 deque = ${deque.toArray().contentToString()}")
val popFirst = deque.popFirst()
println("队首出队元素 = ${popFirst},队首出队后 deque = ${deque.toArray().contentToString()}")
/* 获取双向队列的长度 */
val size = deque.size()
println("双向队列长度 size = $size")
/* 判断双向队列是否为空 */
val isEmpty = deque.isEmpty()
println("双向队列是否为空 = $isEmpty")
}