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166 lines
4.2 KiB
166 lines
4.2 KiB
/*
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* File: my_heap.rs
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* Created Time: 2023-07-16
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* Author: night-cruise (2586447362@qq.com)
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*/
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use hello_algo_rust::include::print_util;
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/* 大顶堆 */
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struct MaxHeap {
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// 使用 vector 而非数组,这样无须考虑扩容问题
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max_heap: Vec<i32>,
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}
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impl MaxHeap {
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/* 构造方法,根据输入列表建堆 */
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fn new(nums: Vec<i32>) -> Self {
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// 将列表元素原封不动添加进堆
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let mut heap = MaxHeap { max_heap: nums };
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// 堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点
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for i in (0..=Self::parent(heap.size() - 1)).rev() {
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heap.sift_down(i);
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}
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heap
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}
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/* 获取左子节点的索引 */
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fn left(i: usize) -> usize {
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2 * i + 1
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}
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/* 获取右子节点的索引 */
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fn right(i: usize) -> usize {
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2 * i + 2
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}
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/* 获取父节点的索引 */
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fn parent(i: usize) -> usize {
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(i - 1) / 2 // 向下整除
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}
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/* 交换元素 */
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fn swap(&mut self, i: usize, j: usize) {
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self.max_heap.swap(i, j);
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}
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/* 获取堆大小 */
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fn size(&self) -> usize {
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self.max_heap.len()
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}
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/* 判断堆是否为空 */
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fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
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self.max_heap.is_empty()
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}
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/* 访问堆顶元素 */
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fn peek(&self) -> Option<i32> {
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self.max_heap.first().copied()
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}
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/* 元素入堆 */
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fn push(&mut self, val: i32) {
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// 添加节点
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self.max_heap.push(val);
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// 从底至顶堆化
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self.sift_up(self.size() - 1);
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}
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/* 从节点 i 开始,从底至顶堆化 */
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fn sift_up(&mut self, mut i: usize) {
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loop {
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// 节点 i 已经是堆顶节点了,结束堆化
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if i == 0 {
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break;
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}
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// 获取节点 i 的父节点
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let p = Self::parent(i);
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// 当“节点无须修复”时,结束堆化
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if self.max_heap[i] <= self.max_heap[p] {
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break;
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}
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// 交换两节点
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self.swap(i, p);
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// 循环向上堆化
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i = p;
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}
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}
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/* 元素出堆 */
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fn pop(&mut self) -> i32 {
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// 判空处理
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if self.is_empty() {
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panic!("index out of bounds");
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}
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// 交换根节点与最右叶节点(交换首元素与尾元素)
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self.swap(0, self.size() - 1);
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// 删除节点
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let val = self.max_heap.pop().unwrap();
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// 从顶至底堆化
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self.sift_down(0);
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// 返回堆顶元素
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val
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}
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/* 从节点 i 开始,从顶至底堆化 */
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fn sift_down(&mut self, mut i: usize) {
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loop {
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// 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点,记为 ma
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let (l, r, mut ma) = (Self::left(i), Self::right(i), i);
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if l < self.size() && self.max_heap[l] > self.max_heap[ma] {
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ma = l;
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}
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if r < self.size() && self.max_heap[r] > self.max_heap[ma] {
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ma = r;
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}
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// 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界,则无须继续堆化,跳出
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if ma == i {
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break;
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}
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// 交换两节点
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self.swap(i, ma);
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// 循环向下堆化
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i = ma;
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}
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}
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/* 打印堆(二叉树) */
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fn print(&self) {
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print_util::print_heap(self.max_heap.clone());
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}
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}
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/* Driver Code */
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fn main() {
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/* 初始化大顶堆 */
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let mut max_heap = MaxHeap::new(vec![9, 8, 6, 6, 7, 5, 2, 1, 4, 3, 6, 2]);
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println!("\n输入列表并建堆后");
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max_heap.print();
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/* 获取堆顶元素 */
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let peek = max_heap.peek();
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if let Some(peek) = peek {
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println!("\n堆顶元素为 {}", peek);
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}
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/* 元素入堆 */
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let val = 7;
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max_heap.push(val);
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println!("\n元素 {} 入堆后", val);
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max_heap.print();
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/* 堆顶元素出堆 */
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let peek = max_heap.pop();
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println!("\n堆顶元素 {} 出堆后", peek);
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max_heap.print();
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/* 获取堆大小 */
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let size = max_heap.size();
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println!("\n堆元素数量为 {}", size);
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/* 判断堆是否为空 */
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let is_empty = max_heap.is_empty();
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println!("\n堆是否为空 {}", is_empty);
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}
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