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153 lines
3.7 KiB
153 lines
3.7 KiB
/**
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* File: my_heap.c
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* Created Time: 2023-01-15
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* Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
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*/
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#include "../utils/common.h"
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#define MAX_SIZE 5000
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/* 大頂堆積 */
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typedef struct {
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// size 代表的是實際元素的個數
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int size;
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// 使用預先分配記憶體的陣列,避免擴容
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int data[MAX_SIZE];
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} MaxHeap;
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// 函式宣告
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void siftDown(MaxHeap *maxHeap, int i);
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void siftUp(MaxHeap *maxHeap, int i);
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int parent(MaxHeap *maxHeap, int i);
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/* 建構子,根據切片建堆積 */
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MaxHeap *newMaxHeap(int nums[], int size) {
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// 所有元素入堆積
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MaxHeap *maxHeap = (MaxHeap *)malloc(sizeof(MaxHeap));
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maxHeap->size = size;
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memcpy(maxHeap->data, nums, size * sizeof(int));
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for (int i = parent(maxHeap, size - 1); i >= 0; i--) {
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// 堆積化除葉節點以外的其他所有節點
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siftDown(maxHeap, i);
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}
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return maxHeap;
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}
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/* 析構函式 */
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void delMaxHeap(MaxHeap *maxHeap) {
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// 釋放記憶體
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free(maxHeap);
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}
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/* 獲取左子節點的索引 */
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int left(MaxHeap *maxHeap, int i) {
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return 2 * i + 1;
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}
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/* 獲取右子節點的索引 */
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int right(MaxHeap *maxHeap, int i) {
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return 2 * i + 2;
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}
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/* 獲取父節點的索引 */
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int parent(MaxHeap *maxHeap, int i) {
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return (i - 1) / 2; // 向下取整
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}
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/* 交換元素 */
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void swap(MaxHeap *maxHeap, int i, int j) {
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int temp = maxHeap->data[i];
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maxHeap->data[i] = maxHeap->data[j];
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maxHeap->data[j] = temp;
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}
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/* 獲取堆積大小 */
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int size(MaxHeap *maxHeap) {
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return maxHeap->size;
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}
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/* 判斷堆積是否為空 */
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int isEmpty(MaxHeap *maxHeap) {
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return maxHeap->size == 0;
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}
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/* 訪問堆積頂元素 */
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int peek(MaxHeap *maxHeap) {
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return maxHeap->data[0];
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}
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/* 元素入堆積 */
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void push(MaxHeap *maxHeap, int val) {
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// 預設情況下,不應該新增這麼多節點
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if (maxHeap->size == MAX_SIZE) {
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printf("heap is full!");
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return;
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}
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// 新增節點
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maxHeap->data[maxHeap->size] = val;
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maxHeap->size++;
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// 從底至頂堆積化
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siftUp(maxHeap, maxHeap->size - 1);
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}
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/* 元素出堆積 */
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int pop(MaxHeap *maxHeap) {
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// 判空處理
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if (isEmpty(maxHeap)) {
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printf("heap is empty!");
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return INT_MAX;
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}
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// 交換根節點與最右葉節點(交換首元素與尾元素)
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swap(maxHeap, 0, size(maxHeap) - 1);
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// 刪除節點
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int val = maxHeap->data[maxHeap->size - 1];
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maxHeap->size--;
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// 從頂至底堆積化
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siftDown(maxHeap, 0);
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// 返回堆積頂元素
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return val;
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}
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/* 從節點 i 開始,從頂至底堆積化 */
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void siftDown(MaxHeap *maxHeap, int i) {
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while (true) {
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// 判斷節點 i, l, r 中值最大的節點,記為 max
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int l = left(maxHeap, i);
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int r = right(maxHeap, i);
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int max = i;
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if (l < size(maxHeap) && maxHeap->data[l] > maxHeap->data[max]) {
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max = l;
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}
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if (r < size(maxHeap) && maxHeap->data[r] > maxHeap->data[max]) {
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max = r;
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}
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// 若節點 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界,則無須繼續堆積化,跳出
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if (max == i) {
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break;
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}
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// 交換兩節點
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swap(maxHeap, i, max);
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// 迴圈向下堆積化
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i = max;
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}
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}
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/* 從節點 i 開始,從底至頂堆積化 */
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void siftUp(MaxHeap *maxHeap, int i) {
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while (true) {
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// 獲取節點 i 的父節點
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int p = parent(maxHeap, i);
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// 當“越過根節點”或“節點無須修復”時,結束堆積化
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if (p < 0 || maxHeap->data[i] <= maxHeap->data[p]) {
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break;
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}
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// 交換兩節點
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swap(maxHeap, i, p);
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// 迴圈向上堆積化
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i = p;
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}
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}
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