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hello-algo/zh-hant/codes/dart/chapter_graph/graph_bfs.dart

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/**
* File: graph_bfs.dart
* Created Time: 2023-05-15
* Author: liuyuxin (gvenusleo@gmail.com)
*/
import 'dart:collection';
import '../utils/vertex.dart';
import 'graph_adjacency_list.dart';
/* 廣度優先走訪 */
List<Vertex> graphBFS(GraphAdjList graph, Vertex startVet) {
// 使用鄰接表來表示圖,以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點
// 頂點走訪序列
List<Vertex> res = [];
// 雜湊集合,用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點
Set<Vertex> visited = {};
visited.add(startVet);
// 佇列用於實現 BFS
Queue<Vertex> que = Queue();
que.add(startVet);
// 以頂點 vet 為起點,迴圈直至訪問完所有頂點
while (que.isNotEmpty) {
Vertex vet = que.removeFirst(); // 佇列首頂點出隊
res.add(vet); // 記錄訪問頂點
// 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點
for (Vertex adjVet in graph.adjList[vet]!) {
if (visited.contains(adjVet)) {
continue; // 跳過已被訪問的頂點
}
que.add(adjVet); // 只入列未訪問的頂點
visited.add(adjVet); // 標記該頂點已被訪問
}
}
// 返回頂點走訪序列
return res;
}
/* Dirver Code */
void main() {
/* 初始化無向圖 */
List<Vertex> v = Vertex.valsToVets([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]);
List<List<Vertex>> edges = [
[v[0], v[1]],
[v[0], v[3]],
[v[1], v[2]],
[v[1], v[4]],
[v[2], v[5]],
[v[3], v[4]],
[v[3], v[6]],
[v[4], v[5]],
[v[4], v[7]],
[v[5], v[8]],
[v[6], v[7]],
[v[7], v[8]],
];
GraphAdjList graph = GraphAdjList(edges);
print("\n初始化後,圖為");
graph.printAdjList();
/* 廣度優先走訪 */
List<Vertex> res = graphBFS(graph, v[0]);
print("\n廣度優先走訪BFS頂點序列為");
print(Vertex.vetsToVals(res));
}