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hello-algo/zh-hant/codes/go/chapter_dynamic_programming/min_path_sum.go

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// File: min_path_sum.go
// Created Time: 2023-07-23
// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
package chapter_dynamic_programming
import "math"
/* 最小路徑和:暴力搜尋 */
func minPathSumDFS(grid [][]int, i, j int) int {
// 若為左上角單元格,則終止搜尋
if i == 0 && j == 0 {
return grid[0][0]
}
// 若行列索引越界,則返回 +∞ 代價
if i < 0 || j < 0 {
return math.MaxInt
}
// 計算從左上角到 (i-1, j) 和 (i, j-1) 的最小路徑代價
up := minPathSumDFS(grid, i-1, j)
left := minPathSumDFS(grid, i, j-1)
// 返回從左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路徑代價
return int(math.Min(float64(left), float64(up))) + grid[i][j]
}
/* 最小路徑和:記憶化搜尋 */
func minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem [][]int, i, j int) int {
// 若為左上角單元格,則終止搜尋
if i == 0 && j == 0 {
return grid[0][0]
}
// 若行列索引越界,則返回 +∞ 代價
if i < 0 || j < 0 {
return math.MaxInt
}
// 若已有記錄,則直接返回
if mem[i][j] != -1 {
return mem[i][j]
}
// 左邊和上邊單元格的最小路徑代價
up := minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem, i-1, j)
left := minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem, i, j-1)
// 記錄並返回左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路徑代價
mem[i][j] = int(math.Min(float64(left), float64(up))) + grid[i][j]
return mem[i][j]
}
/* 最小路徑和:動態規劃 */
func minPathSumDP(grid [][]int) int {
n, m := len(grid), len(grid[0])
// 初始化 dp 表
dp := make([][]int, n)
for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
dp[i] = make([]int, m)
}
dp[0][0] = grid[0][0]
// 狀態轉移:首行
for j := 1; j < m; j++ {
dp[0][j] = dp[0][j-1] + grid[0][j]
}
// 狀態轉移:首列
for i := 1; i < n; i++ {
dp[i][0] = dp[i-1][0] + grid[i][0]
}
// 狀態轉移:其餘行和列
for i := 1; i < n; i++ {
for j := 1; j < m; j++ {
dp[i][j] = int(math.Min(float64(dp[i][j-1]), float64(dp[i-1][j]))) + grid[i][j]
}
}
return dp[n-1][m-1]
}
/* 最小路徑和:空間最佳化後的動態規劃 */
func minPathSumDPComp(grid [][]int) int {
n, m := len(grid), len(grid[0])
// 初始化 dp 表
dp := make([]int, m)
// 狀態轉移:首行
dp[0] = grid[0][0]
for j := 1; j < m; j++ {
dp[j] = dp[j-1] + grid[0][j]
}
// 狀態轉移:其餘行和列
for i := 1; i < n; i++ {
// 狀態轉移:首列
dp[0] = dp[0] + grid[i][0]
// 狀態轉移:其餘列
for j := 1; j < m; j++ {
dp[j] = int(math.Min(float64(dp[j-1]), float64(dp[j]))) + grid[i][j]
}
}
return dp[m-1]
}