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/**
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* File: array_binary_tree.java
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* Created Time: 2023-07-19
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* Author: krahets (krahets@163.com)
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*/
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package chapter_tree;
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import utils.*;
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import java.util.*;
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/* 陣列表示下的二元樹類別 */
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class ArrayBinaryTree {
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private List<Integer> tree;
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/* 建構子 */
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public ArrayBinaryTree(List<Integer> arr) {
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tree = new ArrayList<>(arr);
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}
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/* 串列容量 */
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public int size() {
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return tree.size();
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}
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/* 獲取索引為 i 節點的值 */
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public Integer val(int i) {
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// 若索引越界,則返回 null ,代表空位
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if (i < 0 || i >= size())
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return null;
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return tree.get(i);
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}
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/* 獲取索引為 i 節點的左子節點的索引 */
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public Integer left(int i) {
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return 2 * i + 1;
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}
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/* 獲取索引為 i 節點的右子節點的索引 */
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public Integer right(int i) {
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return 2 * i + 2;
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}
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/* 獲取索引為 i 節點的父節點的索引 */
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public Integer parent(int i) {
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return (i - 1) / 2;
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}
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/* 層序走訪 */
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public List<Integer> levelOrder() {
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List<Integer> res = new ArrayList<>();
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// 直接走訪陣列
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for (int i = 0; i < size(); i++) {
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if (val(i) != null)
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res.add(val(i));
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}
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return res;
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}
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/* 深度優先走訪 */
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private void dfs(Integer i, String order, List<Integer> res) {
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// 若為空位,則返回
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if (val(i) == null)
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return;
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// 前序走訪
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if ("pre".equals(order))
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res.add(val(i));
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dfs(left(i), order, res);
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// 中序走訪
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if ("in".equals(order))
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res.add(val(i));
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dfs(right(i), order, res);
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// 後序走訪
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if ("post".equals(order))
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res.add(val(i));
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}
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/* 前序走訪 */
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public List<Integer> preOrder() {
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List<Integer> res = new ArrayList<>();
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dfs(0, "pre", res);
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return res;
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}
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/* 中序走訪 */
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public List<Integer> inOrder() {
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List<Integer> res = new ArrayList<>();
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dfs(0, "in", res);
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return res;
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}
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/* 後序走訪 */
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public List<Integer> postOrder() {
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List<Integer> res = new ArrayList<>();
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dfs(0, "post", res);
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return res;
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}
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}
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public class array_binary_tree {
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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// 初始化二元樹
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// 這裡藉助了一個從陣列直接生成二元樹的函式
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List<Integer> arr = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4, null, 6, 7, 8, 9, null, null, 12, null, null, 15);
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TreeNode root = TreeNode.listToTree(arr);
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System.out.println("\n初始化二元樹\n");
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System.out.println("二元樹的陣列表示:");
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System.out.println(arr);
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System.out.println("二元樹的鏈結串列表示:");
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PrintUtil.printTree(root);
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// 陣列表示下的二元樹類別
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ArrayBinaryTree abt = new ArrayBinaryTree(arr);
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// 訪問節點
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int i = 1;
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Integer l = abt.left(i);
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Integer r = abt.right(i);
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Integer p = abt.parent(i);
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System.out.println("\n當前節點的索引為 " + i + " ,值為 " + abt.val(i));
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System.out.println("其左子節點的索引為 " + l + " ,值為 " + (l == null ? "null" : abt.val(l)));
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System.out.println("其右子節點的索引為 " + r + " ,值為 " + (r == null ? "null" : abt.val(r)));
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System.out.println("其父節點的索引為 " + p + " ,值為 " + (p == null ? "null" : abt.val(p)));
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// 走訪樹
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List<Integer> res = abt.levelOrder();
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System.out.println("\n層序走訪為:" + res);
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res = abt.preOrder();
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System.out.println("前序走訪為:" + res);
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res = abt.inOrder();
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System.out.println("中序走訪為:" + res);
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res = abt.postOrder();
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System.out.println("後序走訪為:" + res);
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}
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}
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