|
|
/**
|
|
|
* File: hashMapOpenAddressing.js
|
|
|
* Created Time: 2023-06-13
|
|
|
* Author: yuan0221 (yl1452491917@gmail.com), krahets (krahets@163.com)
|
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 鍵值對 Number -> String */
|
|
|
class Pair {
|
|
|
constructor(key, val) {
|
|
|
this.key = key;
|
|
|
this.val = val;
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 開放定址雜湊表 */
|
|
|
class HashMapOpenAddressing {
|
|
|
#size; // 鍵值對數量
|
|
|
#capacity; // 雜湊表容量
|
|
|
#loadThres; // 觸發擴容的負載因子閾值
|
|
|
#extendRatio; // 擴容倍數
|
|
|
#buckets; // 桶陣列
|
|
|
#TOMBSTONE; // 刪除標記
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 建構子 */
|
|
|
constructor() {
|
|
|
this.#size = 0; // 鍵值對數量
|
|
|
this.#capacity = 4; // 雜湊表容量
|
|
|
this.#loadThres = 2.0 / 3.0; // 觸發擴容的負載因子閾值
|
|
|
this.#extendRatio = 2; // 擴容倍數
|
|
|
this.#buckets = Array(this.#capacity).fill(null); // 桶陣列
|
|
|
this.#TOMBSTONE = new Pair(-1, '-1'); // 刪除標記
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 雜湊函式 */
|
|
|
#hashFunc(key) {
|
|
|
return key % this.#capacity;
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 負載因子 */
|
|
|
#loadFactor() {
|
|
|
return this.#size / this.#capacity;
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 搜尋 key 對應的桶索引 */
|
|
|
#findBucket(key) {
|
|
|
let index = this.#hashFunc(key);
|
|
|
let firstTombstone = -1;
|
|
|
// 線性探查,當遇到空桶時跳出
|
|
|
while (this.#buckets[index] !== null) {
|
|
|
// 若遇到 key ,返回對應的桶索引
|
|
|
if (this.#buckets[index].key === key) {
|
|
|
// 若之前遇到了刪除標記,則將鍵值對移動至該索引處
|
|
|
if (firstTombstone !== -1) {
|
|
|
this.#buckets[firstTombstone] = this.#buckets[index];
|
|
|
this.#buckets[index] = this.#TOMBSTONE;
|
|
|
return firstTombstone; // 返回移動後的桶索引
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
return index; // 返回桶索引
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
// 記錄遇到的首個刪除標記
|
|
|
if (
|
|
|
firstTombstone === -1 &&
|
|
|
this.#buckets[index] === this.#TOMBSTONE
|
|
|
) {
|
|
|
firstTombstone = index;
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
// 計算桶索引,越過尾部則返回頭部
|
|
|
index = (index + 1) % this.#capacity;
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
// 若 key 不存在,則返回新增點的索引
|
|
|
return firstTombstone === -1 ? index : firstTombstone;
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 查詢操作 */
|
|
|
get(key) {
|
|
|
// 搜尋 key 對應的桶索引
|
|
|
const index = this.#findBucket(key);
|
|
|
// 若找到鍵值對,則返回對應 val
|
|
|
if (
|
|
|
this.#buckets[index] !== null &&
|
|
|
this.#buckets[index] !== this.#TOMBSTONE
|
|
|
) {
|
|
|
return this.#buckets[index].val;
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
// 若鍵值對不存在,則返回 null
|
|
|
return null;
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 新增操作 */
|
|
|
put(key, val) {
|
|
|
// 當負載因子超過閾值時,執行擴容
|
|
|
if (this.#loadFactor() > this.#loadThres) {
|
|
|
this.#extend();
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
// 搜尋 key 對應的桶索引
|
|
|
const index = this.#findBucket(key);
|
|
|
// 若找到鍵值對,則覆蓋 val 並返回
|
|
|
if (
|
|
|
this.#buckets[index] !== null &&
|
|
|
this.#buckets[index] !== this.#TOMBSTONE
|
|
|
) {
|
|
|
this.#buckets[index].val = val;
|
|
|
return;
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
// 若鍵值對不存在,則新增該鍵值對
|
|
|
this.#buckets[index] = new Pair(key, val);
|
|
|
this.#size++;
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 刪除操作 */
|
|
|
remove(key) {
|
|
|
// 搜尋 key 對應的桶索引
|
|
|
const index = this.#findBucket(key);
|
|
|
// 若找到鍵值對,則用刪除標記覆蓋它
|
|
|
if (
|
|
|
this.#buckets[index] !== null &&
|
|
|
this.#buckets[index] !== this.#TOMBSTONE
|
|
|
) {
|
|
|
this.#buckets[index] = this.#TOMBSTONE;
|
|
|
this.#size--;
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 擴容雜湊表 */
|
|
|
#extend() {
|
|
|
// 暫存原雜湊表
|
|
|
const bucketsTmp = this.#buckets;
|
|
|
// 初始化擴容後的新雜湊表
|
|
|
this.#capacity *= this.#extendRatio;
|
|
|
this.#buckets = Array(this.#capacity).fill(null);
|
|
|
this.#size = 0;
|
|
|
// 將鍵值對從原雜湊表搬運至新雜湊表
|
|
|
for (const pair of bucketsTmp) {
|
|
|
if (pair !== null && pair !== this.#TOMBSTONE) {
|
|
|
this.put(pair.key, pair.val);
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 列印雜湊表 */
|
|
|
print() {
|
|
|
for (const pair of this.#buckets) {
|
|
|
if (pair === null) {
|
|
|
console.log('null');
|
|
|
} else if (pair === this.#TOMBSTONE) {
|
|
|
console.log('TOMBSTONE');
|
|
|
} else {
|
|
|
console.log(pair.key + ' -> ' + pair.val);
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* Driver Code */
|
|
|
// 初始化雜湊表
|
|
|
const hashmap = new HashMapOpenAddressing();
|
|
|
|
|
|
// 新增操作
|
|
|
// 在雜湊表中新增鍵值對 (key, val)
|
|
|
hashmap.put(12836, '小哈');
|
|
|
hashmap.put(15937, '小囉');
|
|
|
hashmap.put(16750, '小算');
|
|
|
hashmap.put(13276, '小法');
|
|
|
hashmap.put(10583, '小鴨');
|
|
|
console.log('\n新增完成後,雜湊表為\nKey -> Value');
|
|
|
hashmap.print();
|
|
|
|
|
|
// 查詢操作
|
|
|
// 向雜湊表中輸入鍵 key ,得到值 val
|
|
|
const name = hashmap.get(13276);
|
|
|
console.log('\n輸入學號 13276 ,查詢到姓名 ' + name);
|
|
|
|
|
|
// 刪除操作
|
|
|
// 在雜湊表中刪除鍵值對 (key, val)
|
|
|
hashmap.remove(16750);
|
|
|
console.log('\n刪除 16750 後,雜湊表為\nKey -> Value');
|
|
|
hashmap.print();
|