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54 lines
1.6 KiB
54 lines
1.6 KiB
/**
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* File: permutations_ii.kt
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* Created Time: 2024-01-25
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* Author: curtishd (1023632660@qq.com)
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*/
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package chapter_backtracking.permutations_ii
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/* 回溯演算法：全排列 II */
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fun backtrack(
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state: MutableList<Int>,
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choices: IntArray,
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selected: BooleanArray,
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res: MutableList<MutableList<Int>?>
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) {
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// 當狀態長度等於元素數量時，記錄解
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if (state.size == choices.size) {
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res.add(state.toMutableList())
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return
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}
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// 走訪所有選擇
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val duplicated = HashSet<Int>()
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for (i in choices.indices) {
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val choice = choices[i]
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// 剪枝：不允許重複選擇元素 且 不允許重複選擇相等元素
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if (!selected[i] && !duplicated.contains(choice)) {
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// 嘗試：做出選擇，更新狀態
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duplicated.add(choice) // 記錄選擇過的元素值
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selected[i] = true
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state.add(choice)
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// 進行下一輪選擇
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backtrack(state, choices, selected, res)
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// 回退：撤銷選擇，恢復到之前的狀態
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selected[i] = false
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state.removeAt(state.size - 1)
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}
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}
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}
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/* 全排列 II */
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fun permutationsII(nums: IntArray): MutableList<MutableList<Int>?> {
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val res = mutableListOf<MutableList<Int>?>()
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backtrack(mutableListOf(), nums, BooleanArray(nums.size), res)
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return res
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}
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/* Driver Code */
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fun main() {
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val nums = intArrayOf(1, 2, 2)
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val res = permutationsII(nums)
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println("輸入陣列 nums = ${nums.contentToString()}")
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println("所有排列 res = $res")
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} |