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hello-algo/zh-hant/codes/kotlin/chapter_stack_and_queue/array_deque.kt

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/**
* File: array_deque.kt
* Created Time: 2024-01-25
* Author: curtishd (1023632660@qq.com)
*/
package chapter_stack_and_queue
/* 基於環形陣列實現的雙向佇列 */
/* 建構子 */
class ArrayDeque(capacity: Int) {
private var nums: IntArray = IntArray(capacity) // 用於儲存雙向佇列元素的陣列
private var front: Int = 0 // 佇列首指標,指向佇列首元素
private var queSize: Int = 0 // 雙向佇列長度
/* 獲取雙向佇列的容量 */
fun capacity(): Int {
return nums.size
}
/* 獲取雙向佇列的長度 */
fun size(): Int {
return queSize
}
/* 判斷雙向佇列是否為空 */
fun isEmpty(): Boolean {
return queSize == 0
}
/* 計算環形陣列索引 */
private fun index(i: Int): Int {
// 透過取餘操作實現陣列首尾相連
// 當 i 越過陣列尾部後,回到頭部
// 當 i 越過陣列頭部後,回到尾部
return (i + capacity()) % capacity()
}
/* 佇列首入列 */
fun pushFirst(num: Int) {
if (queSize == capacity()) {
println("雙向佇列已滿")
return
}
// 佇列首指標向左移動一位
// 透過取餘操作實現 front 越過陣列頭部後回到尾部
front = index(front - 1)
// 將 num 新增至佇列首
nums[front] = num
queSize++
}
/* 佇列尾入列 */
fun pushLast(num: Int) {
if (queSize == capacity()) {
println("雙向佇列已滿")
return
}
// 計算佇列尾指標,指向佇列尾索引 + 1
val rear = index(front + queSize)
// 將 num 新增至佇列尾
nums[rear] = num
queSize++
}
/* 佇列首出列 */
fun popFirst(): Int {
val num = peekFirst()
// 佇列首指標向後移動一位
front = index(front + 1)
queSize--
return num
}
/* 佇列尾出列 */
fun popLast(): Int {
val num = peekLast()
queSize--
return num
}
/* 訪問佇列首元素 */
fun peekFirst(): Int {
if (isEmpty()) throw IndexOutOfBoundsException()
return nums[front]
}
/* 訪問佇列尾元素 */
fun peekLast(): Int {
if (isEmpty()) throw IndexOutOfBoundsException()
// 計算尾元素索引
val last = index(front + queSize - 1)
return nums[last]
}
/* 返回陣列用於列印 */
fun toArray(): IntArray {
// 僅轉換有效長度範圍內的串列元素
val res = IntArray(queSize)
var i = 0
var j = front
while (i < queSize) {
res[i] = nums[index(j)]
i++
j++
}
return res
}
}
/* Driver Code */
fun main() {
/* 初始化雙向佇列 */
val deque = ArrayDeque(10)
deque.pushLast(3)
deque.pushLast(2)
deque.pushLast(5)
println("雙向佇列 deque = ${deque.toArray().contentToString()}")
/* 訪問元素 */
val peekFirst = deque.peekFirst()
println("佇列首元素 peekFirst = $peekFirst")
val peekLast = deque.peekLast()
println("佇列尾元素 peekLast = $peekLast")
/* 元素入列 */
deque.pushLast(4)
println("元素 4 佇列尾入列後 deque = ${deque.toArray().contentToString()}")
deque.pushFirst(1)
println("元素 1 佇列首入列後 deque = ${deque.toArray().contentToString()}")
/* 元素出列 */
val popLast = deque.popLast()
println("佇列尾出列元素 = ${popLast},佇列尾出列後 deque = ${deque.toArray().contentToString()}")
val popFirst = deque.popFirst()
println("佇列首出列元素 = ${popFirst},佇列首出列後 deque = ${deque.toArray().contentToString()}")
/* 獲取雙向佇列的長度 */
val size = deque.size()
println("雙向佇列長度 size = $size")
/* 判斷雙向佇列是否為空 */
val isEmpty = deque.isEmpty()
println("雙向佇列是否為空 = $isEmpty")
}