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156 lines
3.9 KiB
156 lines
3.9 KiB
/**
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* File: time_complexity.js
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* Created Time: 2023-01-02
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* Author: RiverTwilight (contact@rene.wang)
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*/
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/* 常數階 */
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function constant(n) {
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let count = 0;
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const size = 100000;
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for (let i = 0; i < size; i++) count++;
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return count;
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}
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/* 線性階 */
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function linear(n) {
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let count = 0;
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for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) count++;
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return count;
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}
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/* 線性階(走訪陣列) */
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function arrayTraversal(nums) {
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let count = 0;
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// 迴圈次數與陣列長度成正比
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for (let i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
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count++;
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}
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return count;
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}
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/* 平方階 */
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function quadratic(n) {
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let count = 0;
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// 迴圈次數與資料大小 n 成平方關係
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for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
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for (let j = 0; j < n; j++) {
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count++;
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}
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}
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return count;
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}
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/* 平方階(泡沫排序) */
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function bubbleSort(nums) {
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let count = 0; // 計數器
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// 外迴圈:未排序區間為 [0, i]
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for (let i = nums.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {
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// 內迴圈:將未排序區間 [0, i] 中的最大元素交換至該區間的最右端
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for (let j = 0; j < i; j++) {
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if (nums[j] > nums[j + 1]) {
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// 交換 nums[j] 與 nums[j + 1]
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let tmp = nums[j];
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nums[j] = nums[j + 1];
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nums[j + 1] = tmp;
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count += 3; // 元素交換包含 3 個單元操作
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}
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}
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}
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return count;
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}
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/* 指數階(迴圈實現) */
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function exponential(n) {
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let count = 0,
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base = 1;
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// 細胞每輪一分為二,形成數列 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)
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for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
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for (let j = 0; j < base; j++) {
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count++;
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}
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base *= 2;
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}
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// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1
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return count;
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}
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/* 指數階(遞迴實現) */
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function expRecur(n) {
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if (n === 1) return 1;
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return expRecur(n - 1) + expRecur(n - 1) + 1;
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}
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/* 對數階(迴圈實現) */
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function logarithmic(n) {
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let count = 0;
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while (n > 1) {
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n = n / 2;
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count++;
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}
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return count;
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}
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/* 對數階(遞迴實現) */
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function logRecur(n) {
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if (n <= 1) return 0;
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return logRecur(n / 2) + 1;
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}
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/* 線性對數階 */
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function linearLogRecur(n) {
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if (n <= 1) return 1;
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let count = linearLogRecur(n / 2) + linearLogRecur(n / 2);
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for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
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count++;
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}
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return count;
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}
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/* 階乘階(遞迴實現) */
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function factorialRecur(n) {
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if (n === 0) return 1;
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let count = 0;
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// 從 1 個分裂出 n 個
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for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
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count += factorialRecur(n - 1);
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}
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return count;
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}
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/* Driver Code */
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// 可以修改 n 執行,體會一下各種複雜度的操作數量變化趨勢
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const n = 8;
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console.log('輸入資料大小 n = ' + n);
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let count = constant(n);
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console.log('常數階的操作數量 = ' + count);
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count = linear(n);
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console.log('線性階的操作數量 = ' + count);
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count = arrayTraversal(new Array(n));
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console.log('線性階(走訪陣列)的操作數量 = ' + count);
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count = quadratic(n);
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console.log('平方階的操作數量 = ' + count);
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let nums = new Array(n);
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for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) nums[i] = n - i; // [n,n-1,...,2,1]
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count = bubbleSort(nums);
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console.log('平方階(泡沫排序)的操作數量 = ' + count);
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count = exponential(n);
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console.log('指數階(迴圈實現)的操作數量 = ' + count);
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count = expRecur(n);
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console.log('指數階(遞迴實現)的操作數量 = ' + count);
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count = logarithmic(n);
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console.log('對數階(迴圈實現)的操作數量 = ' + count);
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count = logRecur(n);
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console.log('對數階(遞迴實現)的操作數量 = ' + count);
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count = linearLogRecur(n);
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console.log('線性對數階(遞迴實現)的操作數量 = ' + count);
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count = factorialRecur(n);
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console.log('階乘階(遞迴實現)的操作數量 = ' + count);
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