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hello-algo/zh-hant/codes/javascript/chapter_computational_compl.../time_complexity.js

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/**
* File: time_complexity.js
* Created Time: 2023-01-02
* Author: RiverTwilight (contact@rene.wang)
*/
/* 常數階 */
function constant(n) {
let count = 0;
const size = 100000;
for (let i = 0; i < size; i++) count++;
return count;
}
/* 線性階 */
function linear(n) {
let count = 0;
for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) count++;
return count;
}
/* 線性階(走訪陣列) */
function arrayTraversal(nums) {
let count = 0;
// 迴圈次數與陣列長度成正比
for (let i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
count++;
}
return count;
}
/* 平方階 */
function quadratic(n) {
let count = 0;
// 迴圈次數與資料大小 n 成平方關係
for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (let j = 0; j < n; j++) {
count++;
}
}
return count;
}
/* 平方階(泡沫排序) */
function bubbleSort(nums) {
let count = 0; // 計數器
// 外迴圈:未排序區間為 [0, i]
for (let i = nums.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {
// 內迴圈:將未排序區間 [0, i] 中的最大元素交換至該區間的最右端
for (let j = 0; j < i; j++) {
if (nums[j] > nums[j + 1]) {
// 交換 nums[j] 與 nums[j + 1]
let tmp = nums[j];
nums[j] = nums[j + 1];
nums[j + 1] = tmp;
count += 3; // 元素交換包含 3 個單元操作
}
}
}
return count;
}
/* 指數階(迴圈實現) */
function exponential(n) {
let count = 0,
base = 1;
// 細胞每輪一分為二,形成數列 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)
for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (let j = 0; j < base; j++) {
count++;
}
base *= 2;
}
// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1
return count;
}
/* 指數階(遞迴實現) */
function expRecur(n) {
if (n === 1) return 1;
return expRecur(n - 1) + expRecur(n - 1) + 1;
}
/* 對數階(迴圈實現) */
function logarithmic(n) {
let count = 0;
while (n > 1) {
n = n / 2;
count++;
}
return count;
}
/* 對數階(遞迴實現) */
function logRecur(n) {
if (n <= 1) return 0;
return logRecur(n / 2) + 1;
}
/* 線性對數階 */
function linearLogRecur(n) {
if (n <= 1) return 1;
let count = linearLogRecur(n / 2) + linearLogRecur(n / 2);
for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
count++;
}
return count;
}
/* 階乘階(遞迴實現) */
function factorialRecur(n) {
if (n === 0) return 1;
let count = 0;
// 從 1 個分裂出 n 個
for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
count += factorialRecur(n - 1);
}
return count;
}
/* Driver Code */
// 可以修改 n 執行,體會一下各種複雜度的操作數量變化趨勢
const n = 8;
console.log('輸入資料大小 n = ' + n);
let count = constant(n);
console.log('常數階的操作數量 = ' + count);
count = linear(n);
console.log('線性階的操作數量 = ' + count);
count = arrayTraversal(new Array(n));
console.log('線性階(走訪陣列)的操作數量 = ' + count);
count = quadratic(n);
console.log('平方階的操作數量 = ' + count);
let nums = new Array(n);
for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) nums[i] = n - i; // [n,n-1,...,2,1]
count = bubbleSort(nums);
console.log('平方階(泡沫排序)的操作數量 = ' + count);
count = exponential(n);
console.log('指數階(迴圈實現)的操作數量 = ' + count);
count = expRecur(n);
console.log('指數階(遞迴實現)的操作數量 = ' + count);
count = logarithmic(n);
console.log('對數階(迴圈實現)的操作數量 = ' + count);
count = logRecur(n);
console.log('對數階(遞迴實現)的操作數量 = ' + count);
count = linearLogRecur(n);
console.log('線性對數階(遞迴實現)的操作數量 = ' + count);
count = factorialRecur(n);
console.log('階乘階(遞迴實現)的操作數量 = ' + count);