You can not select more than 25 topics
Topics must start with a letter or number, can include dashes ('-') and can be up to 35 characters long.
156 lines
4.7 KiB
156 lines
4.7 KiB
/**
|
|
* File: hash_map_open_addressing.kt
|
|
* Created Time: 2024-01-25
|
|
* Author: curtishd (1023632660@qq.com)
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
package chapter_hashing
|
|
|
|
/* 開放定址雜湊表 */
|
|
class HashMapOpenAddressing {
|
|
private var size: Int = 0 // 鍵值對數量
|
|
private var capacity = 4 // 雜湊表容量
|
|
private val loadThres: Double = 2.0 / 3.0 // 觸發擴容的負載因子閾值
|
|
private val extendRatio = 2 // 擴容倍數
|
|
private var buckets: Array<Pair?> // 桶陣列
|
|
private val TOMBSTONE = Pair(-1, "-1") // 刪除標記
|
|
|
|
/* 建構子 */
|
|
init {
|
|
buckets = arrayOfNulls(capacity)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 雜湊函式 */
|
|
fun hashFunc(key: Int): Int {
|
|
return key % capacity
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 負載因子 */
|
|
fun loadFactor(): Double {
|
|
return (size / capacity).toDouble()
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 搜尋 key 對應的桶索引 */
|
|
fun findBucket(key: Int): Int {
|
|
var index = hashFunc(key)
|
|
var firstTombstone = -1
|
|
// 線性探查,當遇到空桶時跳出
|
|
while (buckets[index] != null) {
|
|
// 若遇到 key ,返回對應的桶索引
|
|
if (buckets[index]?.key == key) {
|
|
// 若之前遇到了刪除標記,則將鍵值對移動至該索引處
|
|
if (firstTombstone != -1) {
|
|
buckets[firstTombstone] = buckets[index]
|
|
buckets[index] = TOMBSTONE
|
|
return firstTombstone // 返回移動後的桶索引
|
|
}
|
|
return index // 返回桶索引
|
|
}
|
|
// 記錄遇到的首個刪除標記
|
|
if (firstTombstone == -1 && buckets[index] == TOMBSTONE) {
|
|
firstTombstone = index
|
|
}
|
|
// 計算桶索引,越過尾部則返回頭部
|
|
index = (index + 1) % capacity
|
|
}
|
|
// 若 key 不存在,則返回新增點的索引
|
|
return if (firstTombstone == -1) index else firstTombstone
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 查詢操作 */
|
|
fun get(key: Int): String? {
|
|
// 搜尋 key 對應的桶索引
|
|
val index = findBucket(key)
|
|
// 若找到鍵值對,則返回對應 val
|
|
if (buckets[index] != null && buckets[index] != TOMBSTONE) {
|
|
return buckets[index]?.value
|
|
}
|
|
// 若鍵值對不存在,則返回 null
|
|
return null
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 新增操作 */
|
|
fun put(key: Int, value: String) {
|
|
// 當負載因子超過閾值時,執行擴容
|
|
if (loadFactor() > loadThres) {
|
|
extend()
|
|
}
|
|
// 搜尋 key 對應的桶索引
|
|
val index = findBucket(key)
|
|
// 若找到鍵值對,則覆蓋 val 並返回
|
|
if (buckets[index] != null && buckets[index] != TOMBSTONE) {
|
|
buckets[index]!!.value = value
|
|
return
|
|
}
|
|
// 若鍵值對不存在,則新增該鍵值對
|
|
buckets[index] = Pair(key, value)
|
|
size++
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 刪除操作 */
|
|
fun remove(key: Int) {
|
|
// 搜尋 key 對應的桶索引
|
|
val index = findBucket(key)
|
|
// 若找到鍵值對,則用刪除標記覆蓋它
|
|
if (buckets[index] != null && buckets[index] != TOMBSTONE) {
|
|
buckets[index] = TOMBSTONE
|
|
size--
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 擴容雜湊表 */
|
|
fun extend() {
|
|
// 暫存原雜湊表
|
|
val bucketsTmp = buckets
|
|
// 初始化擴容後的新雜湊表
|
|
capacity *= extendRatio
|
|
buckets = arrayOfNulls(capacity)
|
|
size = 0
|
|
// 將鍵值對從原雜湊表搬運至新雜湊表
|
|
for (pair in bucketsTmp) {
|
|
if (pair != null && pair != TOMBSTONE) {
|
|
put(pair.key, pair.value)
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 列印雜湊表 */
|
|
fun print() {
|
|
for (pair in buckets) {
|
|
if (pair == null) {
|
|
println("null")
|
|
} else if (pair == TOMBSTONE) {
|
|
println("TOMESTOME")
|
|
} else {
|
|
println("${pair.key} -> ${pair.value}")
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Driver Code */
|
|
fun main() {
|
|
// 初始化雜湊表
|
|
val hashmap = HashMapOpenAddressing()
|
|
|
|
// 新增操作
|
|
// 在雜湊表中新增鍵值對 (key, val)
|
|
hashmap.put(12836, "小哈")
|
|
hashmap.put(15937, "小囉")
|
|
hashmap.put(16750, "小算")
|
|
hashmap.put(13276, "小法")
|
|
hashmap.put(10583, "小鴨")
|
|
println("\n新增完成後,雜湊表為\nKey -> Value")
|
|
hashmap.print()
|
|
|
|
// 查詢操作
|
|
// 向雜湊表中輸入鍵 key ,得到值 val
|
|
val name = hashmap.get(13276)
|
|
println("\n輸入學號 13276 ,查詢到姓名 $name")
|
|
|
|
// 刪除操作
|
|
// 在雜湊表中刪除鍵值對 (key, val)
|
|
hashmap.remove(16750)
|
|
println("\n刪除 16750 後,雜湊表為\nKey -> Value")
|
|
hashmap.print()
|
|
} |