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术语表
下表列出了书中出现的重要术语。建议读者同时记住它们的中英文叫法,以便阅读英文文献。
表 数据结构与算法的重要名词
中文 | English | 中文 | English |
---|---|---|---|
算法 | algorithm | 层序遍历 | level-order traversal |
数据结构 | data structure | 广度优先遍历 | breadth-first traversal |
渐近复杂度分析 | asymptotic complexity analysis | 深度优先遍历 | depth-first traversal |
时间复杂度 | time complexity | 二叉搜索树 | binary search tree |
空间复杂度 | space complexity | 平衡二叉搜索树 | balanced binary search tree |
迭代 | iteration | 平衡因子 | balance factor |
递归 | recursion | 堆 | heap |
尾递归 | tail recursion | 大顶堆 | max heap |
递归树 | recursion tree | 小顶堆 | min heap |
大 O 记号 |
big-O notation |
优先队列 | priority queue |
渐近上界 | asymptotic upper bound | 堆化 | heapify |
原码 | sign-magnitude | 图 | graph |
反码 | 1’s complement | 顶点 | vertex |
补码 | 2’s complement | 无向图 | undirected graph |
数组 | array | 有向图 | directed graph |
索引 | index | 连通图 | connected graph |
链表 | linked list | 非连通图 | disconnected graph |
链表节点 | linked list node, list node | 有权图 | weighted graph |
列表 | list | 邻接 | adjacency |
动态数组 | dynamic array | 路径 | path |
硬盘 | hard disk | 入度 | in-degree |
内存 | random-access memory (RAM) | 出度 | out-degree |
缓存 | cache memory | 邻接矩阵 | adjacency matrix |
缓存未命中 | cache miss | 邻接表 | adjacency list |
缓存命中率 | cache hit rate | 广度优先搜索 | breadth-first search |
栈 | stack | 深度优先搜索 | depth-first search |
队列 | queue | 二分查找 | binary search |
双向队列 | double-ended queue | 搜索算法 | searching algorithm |
哈希表 | hash table | 排序算法 | sorting algorithm |
桶 | bucket | 选择排序 | selection sort |
哈希函数 | hash function | 冒泡排序 | bubble sort |
哈希冲突 | hash collision | 插入排序 | insertion sort |
负载因子 | load factor | 快速排序 | quick sort |
链式地址 | separate chaining | 归并排序 | merge sort |
开放寻址 | open addressing | 堆排序 | heap sort |
线性探测 | linear probing | 桶排序 | bucket sort |
懒删除 | lazy deletion | 计数排序 | counting sort |
二叉树 | binary tree | 基数排序 | radix sort |
树节点 | tree node | 分治 | divide and conquer |
左子节点 | left-child node | 汉诺塔问题 | hanota problem |
右子节点 | right-child node | 回溯算法 | backtracking algorithm |
父节点 | parent node | 约束 | constraint |
左子树 | left subtree | 解 | solution |
右子树 | right subtree | 状态 | state |
根节点 | root node | 剪枝 | pruning |
叶节点 | leaf node | 全排列问题 | permutations problem |
边 | edge | 子集和问题 | subset-sum problem |
层 | level | n 皇后问题 | n-queens problem |
度 | degree | 动态规划 | dynamic programming |
高度 | height | 初始状态 | initial state |
深度 | depth | 状态转移方程 | state-trasition equation |
完美二叉树 | perfect binary tree | 背包问题 | knapsack problem |
完全二叉树 | complete binary tree | 编辑距离问题 | edit distance problem |
完满二叉树 | full binary tree | 贪心算法 | greedy algorithm |
平衡二叉树 | balanced binary tree | ||
AVL 树 | AVL tree | ||
红黑树 | red-black tree |