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/**
* File: graph_bfs.kt
* Created Time: 2024-01-25
* Author: curtishd (1023632660@qq.com)
*/
package chapter_graph
import utils.Vertex
import java.util.*
/* 廣度優先走訪 */
// 使用鄰接表來表示圖,以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點
fun graphBFS ( graph : GraphAdjList , startVet : Vertex ) : MutableList < Vertex ? > {
// 頂點走訪序列
val res = mutableListOf < Vertex ? > ( )
// 雜湊集合,用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點
val visited = HashSet < Vertex > ( )
visited . add ( startVet )
// 佇列用於實現 BFS
val que = LinkedList < Vertex > ( )
que . offer ( startVet )
// 以頂點 vet 為起點,迴圈直至訪問完所有頂點
while ( ! que . isEmpty ( ) ) {
val vet = que . poll ( ) // 佇列首頂點出隊
res . add ( vet ) // 記錄訪問頂點
// 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點
for ( adjVet in graph . adjList [ vet ] !! ) {
if ( visited . contains ( adjVet ) )
continue // 跳過已被訪問的頂點
que . offer ( adjVet ) // 只入列未訪問的頂點
visited . add ( adjVet ) // 標記該頂點已被訪問
}
}
// 返回頂點走訪序列
return res
}
/* Driver Code */
fun main ( ) {
/* 初始化無向圖 */
val v = Vertex . valsToVets ( intArrayOf ( 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ) )
val edges = arrayOf (
arrayOf ( v [ 0 ] , v [ 1 ] ) ,
arrayOf ( v [ 0 ] , v [ 3 ] ) ,
arrayOf ( v [ 1 ] , v [ 2 ] ) ,
arrayOf ( v [ 1 ] , v [ 4 ] ) ,
arrayOf ( v [ 2 ] , v [ 5 ] ) ,
arrayOf ( v [ 3 ] , v [ 4 ] ) ,
arrayOf ( v [ 3 ] , v [ 6 ] ) ,
arrayOf ( v [ 4 ] , v [ 5 ] ) ,
arrayOf ( v [ 4 ] , v [ 7 ] ) ,
arrayOf ( v [ 5 ] , v [ 8 ] ) ,
arrayOf ( v [ 6 ] , v [ 7 ] ) ,
arrayOf ( v [ 7 ] , v [ 8 ] )
)
val graph = GraphAdjList ( edges )
println ( " \n 初始化後,圖為 " )
graph . print ( )
/* 廣度優先走訪 */
val res = graphBFS ( graph , v [ 0 ] !! )
println ( " \n 廣度優先走訪( BFS) 頂點序列為 " )
println ( Vertex . vetsToVals ( res ) )
}