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<meta name="description" content="一本动画图解、能运行、可提问的数据结构与算法入门书">
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Hello 算法
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0.2. 如何使用本书
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Hello 算法
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2.3. 空间复杂度
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3. 数据结构简介
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3.2. 基本数据类型
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3.3. 数字编码 *
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3.4. 字符编码 *
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3.5. 小结
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_5" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
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<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/">4. 数组与链表</a>
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<label for="__nav_5">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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</div>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_5_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_5">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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4. 数组与链表
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/" class="md-nav__link">
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4.1. 数组
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/" class="md-nav__link">
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4.2. 链表
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/" class="md-nav__link">
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4.3. 列表
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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4.4. 小结
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_6" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
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<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/">5. 栈与队列</a>
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<label for="__nav_6">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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</div>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_6_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_6">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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5. 栈与队列
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/" class="md-nav__link">
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5.1. 栈
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/queue/" class="md-nav__link">
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5.2. 队列
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/deque/" class="md-nav__link">
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5.3. 双向队列
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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5.4. 小结
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_7" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
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<a href="../../chapter_hashing/">6. 散列表</a>
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<label for="__nav_7">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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</label>
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</div>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_7_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_7">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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6. 散列表
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_hashing/hash_map/" class="md-nav__link">
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6.1. 哈希表（New）
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_hashing/hash_collision/" class="md-nav__link">
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6.2. 哈希冲突（New）
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_hashing/hash_algorithm/" class="md-nav__link">
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6.3. 哈希算法（New）
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_hashing/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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6.4. 小结
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_8" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/">7. 树</a>
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<label for="__nav_8">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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</div>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_8_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_8">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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7. 树
|
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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7.1. 二叉树
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/" class="md-nav__link">
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7.2. 二叉树遍历
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/array_representation_of_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
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7.3. 二叉树数组表示
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
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7.4. 二叉搜索树
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/avl_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
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7.5. AVL 树 *
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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7.6. 小结
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_9" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_heap/">8. 堆</a>
|
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<label for="__nav_9">
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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</label>
|
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</div>
|
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_9_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_9">
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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8. 堆
|
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_heap/heap/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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8.1. 堆
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_heap/build_heap/" class="md-nav__link">
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8.2. 建堆操作
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_heap/top_k/" class="md-nav__link">
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8.3. Top-K 问题（New）
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_heap/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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8.4. 小结
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_10" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
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<a href="../../chapter_graph/">9. 图</a>
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<label for="__nav_10">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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</div>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_10_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_10">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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9. 图
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph/" class="md-nav__link">
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9.1. 图
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph_operations/" class="md-nav__link">
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9.2. 图基础操作
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph_traversal/" class="md-nav__link">
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9.3. 图的遍历
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_graph/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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9.4. 小结
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_11" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
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<a href="../../chapter_searching/">10. 搜索</a>
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<label for="__nav_11">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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</div>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_11_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_11">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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10. 搜索
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_searching/binary_search/" class="md-nav__link">
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10.1. 二分查找（New）
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_searching/binary_search_edge/" class="md-nav__link">
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10.2. 二分查找边界（New）
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_searching/replace_linear_by_hashing/" class="md-nav__link">
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10.3. 哈希优化策略
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_searching/searching_algorithm_revisited/" class="md-nav__link">
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10.4. 重识搜索算法
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_searching/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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10.5. 小结
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_12" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/">11. 排序</a>
|
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<label for="__nav_12">
|
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|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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</label>
|
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</div>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_12_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_12">
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
|
11. 排序
|
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/sorting_algorithm/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
11.1. 排序算法
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/selection_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
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11.2. 选择排序（New）
|
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/bubble_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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11.3. 冒泡排序
|
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/insertion_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
11.4. 插入排序
|
|
|
</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/quick_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
11.5. 快速排序
|
|
|
</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/merge_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
11.6. 归并排序
|
|
|
</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/heap_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
11.7. 堆排序（New）
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
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</li>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/bucket_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
11.8. 桶排序
|
|
|
</a>
|
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</li>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/counting_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
11.9. 计数排序
|
|
|
</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/radix_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
11.10. 基数排序
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
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11.11. 小结
|
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_13" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/">12. 回溯</a>
|
|
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|
|
<label for="__nav_13">
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
|
</label>
|
|
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|
|
</div>
|
|
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|
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_13_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_13">
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
|
12. 回溯
|
|
|
</label>
|
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
12.1. 回溯算法
|
|
|
</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/permutations_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
12.2. 全排列问题
|
|
|
</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/n_queens_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
12.3. N 皇后问题
|
|
|
</a>
|
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
|
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_14" >
|
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_14" id="__nav_14_label" tabindex="0">
|
|
|
13. 附录
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
|
</label>
|
|
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|
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_14_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_14">
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
|
13. 附录
|
|
|
</label>
|
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_appendix/installation/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
13.1. 编程环境安装
|
|
|
</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_appendix/contribution/" class="md-nav__link">
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13.2. 一起参与创作
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<a href="#021" class="md-nav__link">
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0.2.1. 行文风格约定
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</a>
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</li>
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<a href="#022" class="md-nav__link">
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0.2.2. 在动画图解中高效学习
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#023" class="md-nav__link">
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0.2.3. 在代码实践中加深理解
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<a href="#024" class="md-nav__link">
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0.2.4. 在提问讨论中共同成长
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<a href="#025" class="md-nav__link">
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0.2.5. 算法学习路线
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<a href="https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo/tree/main/docs/chapter_preface/suggestions.md" title="编辑此页" class="md-content__button md-icon">
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M10 20H6V4h7v5h5v3.1l2-2V8l-6-6H6c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v16c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h4v-2m10.2-7c.1 0 .3.1.4.2l1.3 1.3c.2.2.2.6 0 .8l-1 1-2.1-2.1 1-1c.1-.1.2-.2.4-.2m0 3.9L14.1 23H12v-2.1l6.1-6.1 2.1 2.1Z"/></svg>
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</a>
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<h1 id="02">0.2. 如何使用本书<a class="headerlink" href="#02" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h1>
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<div class="admonition tip">
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<p class="admonition-title">Tip</p>
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<p>为了获得最佳的阅读体验，建议您通读本节内容。</p>
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</div>
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<h2 id="021">0.2.1. 行文风格约定<a class="headerlink" href="#021" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
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<ul>
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<li>标题后标注 <code>*</code> 的是选读章节，内容相对困难。如果你的时间有限，建议可以先跳过。</li>
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<li>文章中的重要名词会用 <code>「 」</code> 括号标注，例如 <code>「数组 Array」</code> 。请务必记住这些名词，包括英文翻译，以便后续阅读文献时使用。</li>
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<li><strong>加粗的文字</strong> 表示重点内容或总结性语句，这类文字值得特别关注。</li>
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<li>专有名词和有特指含义的词句会使用 <code>“双引号”</code> 标注，以避免歧义。</li>
|
|
|
<li>涉及到编程语言之间不一致的名词，本书均以 Python 为准，例如使用 <span class="arithmatex">\(\text{None}\)</span> 来表示“空”。</li>
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<li>本书部分放弃了编程语言的注释规范，以换取更加紧凑的内容排版。注释主要分为三种类型：标题注释、内容注释、多行注释。</li>
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</ul>
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<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:11"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">JavaScript</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">TypeScript</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Zig</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">Dart</label></div>
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<div class="tabbed-content">
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 标题注释，用于标注函数、类、测试样例等 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a><span class="c1">// 内容注释，用于详解代码</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a><span class="cm">/**</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a><span class="cm"> * 多行</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a><span class="cm"> * 注释</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a><span class="cm"> */</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 标题注释，用于标注函数、类、测试样例等 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="c1">// 内容注释，用于详解代码</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="cm">/**</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="cm"> * 多行</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="cm"> * 注释</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="cm"> */</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="sd">"""标题注释，用于标注函数、类、测试样例等"""</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="c1"># 内容注释，用于详解代码</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="sd">"""</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="sd">多行</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="sd">注释</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="sd">"""</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 标题注释，用于标注函数、类、测试样例等 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="c1">// 内容注释，用于详解代码</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="cm">/**</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="cm"> * 多行</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="cm"> * 注释</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="cm"> */</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 标题注释，用于标注函数、类、测试样例等 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="c1">// 内容注释，用于详解代码</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="cm">/**</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="cm"> * 多行</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="cm"> * 注释</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="cm"> */</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 标题注释，用于标注函数、类、测试样例等 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="c1">// 内容注释，用于详解代码</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a><span class="cm">/**</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a><span class="cm"> * 多行</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a><span class="cm"> * 注释</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a><span class="cm"> */</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 标题注释，用于标注函数、类、测试样例等 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="c1">// 内容注释，用于详解代码</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="cm">/**</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="cm"> * 多行</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="cm"> * 注释</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="cm"> */</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 标题注释，用于标注函数、类、测试样例等 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="c1">// 内容注释，用于详解代码</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="cm">/**</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="cm"> * 多行</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="cm"> * 注释</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="cm"> */</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 标题注释，用于标注函数、类、测试样例等 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="c1">// 内容注释，用于详解代码</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="cm">/**</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="cm"> * 多行</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="cm"> * 注释</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="cm"> */</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="c1">// 标题注释，用于标注函数、类、测试样例等</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="c1">// 内容注释，用于详解代码</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="c1">// 多行</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="c1">// 注释</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 标题注释，用于标注函数、类、测试样例等 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="c1">// 内容注释，用于详解代码</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="cm">/**</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="cm"> * 多行</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="cm"> * 注释</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="cm"> */</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<h2 id="022">0.2.2. 在动画图解中高效学习<a class="headerlink" href="#022" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
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<p>相较于文字，视频和图片具有更高的信息密度和结构化程度，因此更易于理解。在本书中，<strong>重点和难点知识将主要通过动画和图解形式展示</strong>，而文字则作为动画和图片的解释与补充。</p>
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<p>在阅读本书时，如果发现某段内容提供了动画或图解，<strong>建议以图为主线</strong>，以文字（通常位于图像上方）为辅，综合两者来理解内容。</p>
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<p><img alt="动画图解示例" src="../../index.assets/animation.gif" /></p>
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<p align="center"> Fig. 动画图解示例 </p>
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<h2 id="023">0.2.3. 在代码实践中加深理解<a class="headerlink" href="#023" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
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<p>本书的配套代码托管在<a href="https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo">GitHub 仓库</a>，<strong>源代码包含详细注释，并附有测试样例，可直接运行</strong>。</p>
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<p>如果学习时间有限，建议你至少通读并运行所有代码。如果时间充裕，<strong>建议参照代码自行敲一遍</strong>。与仅阅读代码相比，编写代码的过程往往能带来更多收获。</p>
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<p><img alt="运行代码示例" src="../../index.assets/running_code.gif" /></p>
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<p align="center"> Fig. 运行代码示例 </p>
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<p><strong>第一步：安装本地编程环境</strong>。请参照<a href="https://www.hello-algo.com/chapter_appendix/installation/">附录教程</a>进行安装，如果已安装则可跳过此步骤。</p>
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<p><strong>第二步：下载代码仓</strong>。如果已经安装 <a href="https://git-scm.com/downloads">Git</a> ，可以通过以下命令克隆本仓库。</p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a>git<span class="w"> </span>clone<span class="w"> </span>https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
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</code></pre></div>
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<p>当然，你也可以点击“Download ZIP”直接下载代码压缩包，然后在本地解压即可。</p>
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<p><img alt="克隆仓库与下载代码" src="../suggestions.assets/download_code.png" /></p>
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<p align="center"> Fig. 克隆仓库与下载代码 </p>
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<p><strong>第三步：运行源代码</strong>。如果代码块顶部标有文件名称，则可以在仓库的 <code>codes</code> 文件夹中找到相应的源代码文件。源代码文件将帮助你节省不必要的调试时间，让你能够专注于学习内容。</p>
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<p><img alt="代码块与对应的源代码文件" src="../suggestions.assets/code_md_to_repo.png" /></p>
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<p align="center"> Fig. 代码块与对应的源代码文件 </p>
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<h2 id="024">0.2.4. 在提问讨论中共同成长<a class="headerlink" href="#024" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
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<p>阅读本书时，请不要“惯着”那些没学明白的知识点。<strong>欢迎在评论区提出你的问题</strong>，我和其他小伙伴们将竭诚为你解答，一般情况下可在两天内得到回复。</p>
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<p>同时，也希望您能在评论区多花些时间。一方面，您可以了解大家遇到的问题，从而查漏补缺，这将有助于激发更深入的思考。另一方面，希望您能慷慨地回答其他小伙伴的问题、分享您的见解，让大家共同学习和进步。</p>
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<p><img alt="评论区示例" src="../../index.assets/comment.gif" /></p>
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<p align="center"> Fig. 评论区示例 </p>
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<h2 id="025">0.2.5. 算法学习路线<a class="headerlink" href="#025" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
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<p>从总体上看，我们可以将学习数据结构与算法的过程划分为三个阶段：</p>
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<ol>
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|
<li><strong>算法入门</strong>。我们需要熟悉各种数据结构的特点和用法，学习不同算法的原理、流程、用途和效率等方面内容。</li>
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<li><strong>刷算法题</strong>。建议从热门题目开刷，如<a href="https://leetcode.cn/problem-list/xb9nqhhg/">剑指 Offer</a>和<a href="https://leetcode.cn/problem-list/2cktkvj/">LeetCode Hot 100</a>，先积累至少 100 道题目，熟悉主流的算法问题。初次刷题时，“知识遗忘”可能是一个挑战，但请放心，这是很正常的。我们可以按照“艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线”来复习题目，通常在进行 3-5 轮的重复后，就能将其牢记在心。</li>
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<li><strong>搭建知识体系</strong>。在学习方面，我们可以阅读算法专栏文章、解题框架和算法教材，以不断丰富知识体系。在刷题方面，可以尝试采用进阶刷题策略，如按专题分类、一题多解、一解多题等，相关的刷题心得可以在各个社区找到。</li>
|
|
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</ol>
|
|
|
<p>作为一本入门教程，本书内容主要涵盖“第一阶段”，旨在帮助你更高效地展开第二和第三阶段的学习。</p>
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<p><img alt="算法学习路线" src="../suggestions.assets/learning_route.png" /></p>
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<p align="center"> Fig. 算法学习路线 </p>
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<h2 id="__comments">评论</h2>
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