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Hello 算法
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5.1. 栈
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Hello 算法
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2.2. 时间复杂度
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2.3. 空间复杂度
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3. 数据结构简介
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3.1. 数据结构分类
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3.3. 数字编码 *
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4. 数组与链表
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4.1. 数组
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4.2. 链表
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/" class="md-nav__link">
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4.3. 列表
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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4.4. 小结
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_6" checked>
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
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<a href="../">5. 栈与队列</a>
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<label for="__nav_6">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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</div>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_6_label" aria-expanded="true">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_6">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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5. 栈与队列
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" type="checkbox" id="__toc">
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<label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
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5.1. 栈
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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<a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
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5.1. 栈
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</a>
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<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="目录">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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目录
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#511" class="md-nav__link">
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5.1.1. 栈常用操作
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#512" class="md-nav__link">
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5.1.2. 栈的实现
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</a>
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<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="5.1.2. 栈的实现">
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<ul class="md-nav__list">
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#_1" class="md-nav__link">
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基于链表的实现
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#_2" class="md-nav__link">
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基于数组的实现
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#513" class="md-nav__link">
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5.1.3. 两种实现对比
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</a>
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<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="5.1.3. 两种实现对比">
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<ul class="md-nav__list">
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#_3" class="md-nav__link">
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支持操作
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#_4" class="md-nav__link">
|
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时间效率
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#_5" class="md-nav__link">
|
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空间效率
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#514" class="md-nav__link">
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5.1.4. 栈典型应用
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../queue/" class="md-nav__link">
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5.2. 队列
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../deque/" class="md-nav__link">
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5.3. 双向队列
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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5.4. 小结
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_7" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_hashing/">6. 散列表</a>
|
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<label for="__nav_7">
|
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|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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</label>
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</div>
|
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_7_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_7">
|
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|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
|
6. 散列表
|
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_hashing/hash_map/" class="md-nav__link">
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6.1. 哈希表（New）
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_hashing/hash_collision/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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6.2. 哈希冲突（New）
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_hashing/hash_algorithm/" class="md-nav__link">
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6.3. 哈希算法（New）
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_hashing/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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6.4. 小结
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_8" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/">7. 树</a>
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<label for="__nav_8">
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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</label>
|
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</div>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_8_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_8">
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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7. 树
|
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
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7.1. 二叉树
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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|
7.2. 二叉树遍历
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/array_representation_of_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
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7.3. 二叉树数组表示
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
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7.4. 二叉搜索树
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/avl_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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7.5. AVL 树 *
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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7.6. 小结
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_9" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_heap/">8. 堆</a>
|
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|
<label for="__nav_9">
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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</label>
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</div>
|
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_9_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_9">
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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8. 堆
|
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_heap/heap/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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8.1. 堆
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_heap/build_heap/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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8.2. 建堆操作
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_heap/top_k/" class="md-nav__link">
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8.3. Top-K 问题（New）
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_heap/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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8.4. 小结
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_10" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
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<a href="../../chapter_graph/">9. 图</a>
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<label for="__nav_10">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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</div>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_10_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_10">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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9. 图
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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9.1. 图
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph_operations/" class="md-nav__link">
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9.2. 图基础操作
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph_traversal/" class="md-nav__link">
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9.3. 图的遍历
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_graph/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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9.4. 小结
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_11" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_searching/">10. 搜索</a>
|
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|
|
<label for="__nav_11">
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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</label>
|
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</div>
|
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_11_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_11">
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
|
10. 搜索
|
|
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</label>
|
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_searching/binary_search/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
10.1. 二分查找（New）
|
|
|
</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_searching/binary_search_edge/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
10.2. 二分查找边界（New）
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_searching/replace_linear_by_hashing/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
10.3. 哈希优化策略
|
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_searching/searching_algorithm_revisited/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
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10.4. 重识搜索算法
|
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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|
<a href="../../chapter_searching/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
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10.5. 小结
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
|
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_12" >
|
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/">11. 排序</a>
|
|
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|
|
<label for="__nav_12">
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
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</label>
|
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</div>
|
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|
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_12_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_12">
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
|
11. 排序
|
|
|
</label>
|
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/sorting_algorithm/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
11.1. 排序算法
|
|
|
</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/selection_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
11.2. 选择排序（New）
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/bubble_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
11.3. 冒泡排序
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/insertion_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
11.4. 插入排序
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
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</li>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/quick_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
11.5. 快速排序
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
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</li>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/merge_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
11.6. 归并排序
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
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</li>
|
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|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/heap_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
11.7. 堆排序（New）
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
</li>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/bucket_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
11.8. 桶排序
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
</li>
|
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|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/counting_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
11.9. 计数排序
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
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</li>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/radix_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
11.10. 基数排序
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
</li>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
11.11. 小结
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
</li>
|
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
|
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_13" >
|
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|
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/">12. 回溯</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<label for="__nav_13">
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
|
</label>
|
|
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|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_13_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_13">
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
|
12. 回溯
|
|
|
</label>
|
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
12.1. 回溯算法
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/permutations_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
12.2. 全排列问题
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
</li>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/n_queens_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
12.3. N 皇后问题
|
|
|
</a>
|
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
|
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_14" >
|
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5.1.1. 栈常用操作
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5.1.3. 两种实现对比
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支持操作
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时间效率
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空间效率
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<a href="#514" class="md-nav__link">
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5.1.4. 栈典型应用
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<div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
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<article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
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<a href="https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo/tree/main/docs/chapter_stack_and_queue/stack.md" title="编辑此页" class="md-content__button md-icon">
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M10 20H6V4h7v5h5v3.1l2-2V8l-6-6H6c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v16c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h4v-2m10.2-7c.1 0 .3.1.4.2l1.3 1.3c.2.2.2.6 0 .8l-1 1-2.1-2.1 1-1c.1-.1.2-.2.4-.2m0 3.9L14.1 23H12v-2.1l6.1-6.1 2.1 2.1Z"/></svg>
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<h1 id="51">5.1. 栈<a class="headerlink" href="#51" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h1>
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<p>「栈 Stack」是一种遵循先入后出（First In, Last Out）原则的线性数据结构。</p>
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<p>我们可以将栈类比为桌面上的一摞盘子，如果需要拿出底部的盘子，则需要先将上面的盘子依次取出。我们将盘子替换为各种类型的元素（如整数、字符、对象等），就得到了栈数据结构。</p>
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<p>在栈中，我们把堆叠元素的顶部称为「栈顶」，底部称为「栈底」。将把元素添加到栈顶的操作叫做「入栈」，而删除栈顶元素的操作叫做「出栈」。</p>
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<p><img alt="栈的先入后出规则" src="../stack.assets/stack_operations.png" /></p>
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<p align="center"> Fig. 栈的先入后出规则 </p>
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<h2 id="511">5.1.1. 栈常用操作<a class="headerlink" href="#511" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
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<p>栈的常用操作如下表所示，具体的方法名需要根据所使用的编程语言来确定。在此，我们以常见的 <code>push()</code> , <code>pop()</code> , <code>peek()</code> 命名为例。</p>
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<div class="center-table">
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<table>
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>方法</th>
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<th>描述</th>
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<th>时间复杂度</th>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td>push()</td>
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<td>元素入栈（添加至栈顶）</td>
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<td><span class="arithmatex">\(O(1)\)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>pop()</td>
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<td>栈顶元素出栈</td>
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<td><span class="arithmatex">\(O(1)\)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>peek()</td>
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<td>访问栈顶元素</td>
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<td><span class="arithmatex">\(O(1)\)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<p>通常情况下，我们可以直接使用编程语言内置的栈类。然而，某些语言可能没有专门提供栈类，这时我们可以将该语言的「数组」或「链表」视作栈来使用，并通过“脑补”来忽略与栈无关的操作。</p>
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<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:11"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">JavaScript</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">TypeScript</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Zig</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">Dart</label></div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">stack.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="n">Stack</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Stack</span><span class="o"><></span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入栈 */</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出栈 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-0-18" name="__codelineno-0-18" href="#__codelineno-0-18"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-0-19" name="__codelineno-0-19" href="#__codelineno-0-19"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-0-20" name="__codelineno-0-20" href="#__codelineno-0-20"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断是否为空 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-0-21" name="__codelineno-0-21" href="#__codelineno-0-21"></a><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">isEmpty</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
|
|
</code></pre></div>
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|
</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
|
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|
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">stack.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化栈 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入栈 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">top</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出栈 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 无返回值</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-21" name="__codelineno-1-21" href="#__codelineno-1-21"></a><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">();</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">stack.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="c1"># 初始化栈</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="c1"># Python 没有内置的栈类，可以把 List 当作栈来使用 </span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">List</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="c1"># 元素入栈</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="c1"># 访问栈顶元素</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="c1"># 元素出栈</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">stack</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="c1"># 获取栈的长度</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a><span class="c1"># 判断是否为空</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-22" name="__codelineno-2-22" href="#__codelineno-2-22"></a><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">bool</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">stack_test.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="c1">// 在 Go 中，推荐将 Slice 当作栈来使用</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入栈 */</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出栈 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-21" name="__codelineno-3-21" href="#__codelineno-3-21"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-22" name="__codelineno-3-22" href="#__codelineno-3-22"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断是否为空 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-23" name="__codelineno-3-23" href="#__codelineno-3-23"></a><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
|
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
|
|
</div>
|
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|
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
|
|
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">stack.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化栈 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="c1">// Javascript 没有内置的栈类，可以把 Array 当作栈来使用 </span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入栈 */</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">5</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">4</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
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|
|
<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">is_empty</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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|
</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">stack.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化栈 */</span>
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|
|
<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="c1">// Typescript 没有内置的栈类，可以把 Array 当作栈来使用 </span>
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|
|
<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入栈 */</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">5</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">4</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-22" name="__codelineno-5-22" href="#__codelineno-5-22"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">is_empty</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">stack.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="c1">// C 未提供内置栈</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">stack.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化栈 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="n">Stack</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入栈 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">5</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">4</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出栈 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断是否为空 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">==</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">stack.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化栈 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="c1">// Swift 没有内置的栈类，可以把 Array 当作栈来使用</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">stack</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入栈 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">peek</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">last</span><span class="p">!</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出栈 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">pop</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">removeLast</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">size</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-8-21" name="__codelineno-8-21" href="#__codelineno-8-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断是否为空 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-8-22" name="__codelineno-8-22" href="#__codelineno-8-22"></a><span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">isEmpty</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">isEmpty</span>
|
|
|
</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">stack.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">stack.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化栈 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="c1">// Dart 没有内置的栈类，可以把 List 当作栈来使用</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入栈 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">5</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">4</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">last</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出栈 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeLast</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-10-19" name="__codelineno-10-19" href="#__codelineno-10-19"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-10-20" name="__codelineno-10-20" href="#__codelineno-10-20"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-10-21" name="__codelineno-10-21" href="#__codelineno-10-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断是否为空 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-10-22" name="__codelineno-10-22" href="#__codelineno-10-22"></a><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
|
|
</div>
|
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|
</div>
|
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|
</div>
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<h2 id="512">5.1.2. 栈的实现<a class="headerlink" href="#512" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
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<p>为了深入了解栈的运行机制，我们来尝试自己实现一个栈类。</p>
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|
|
<p>栈遵循先入后出的原则，因此我们只能在栈顶添加或删除元素。然而，数组和链表都可以在任意位置添加和删除元素，<strong>因此栈可以被视为一种受限制的数组或链表</strong>。换句话说，我们可以“屏蔽”数组或链表的部分无关操作，使其对外表现的逻辑符合栈的特性。</p>
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<h3 id="_1">基于链表的实现<a class="headerlink" href="#_1" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
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<p>使用链表来实现栈时，我们可以将链表的头节点视为栈顶，尾节点视为栈底。</p>
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<p>对于入栈操作，我们只需将元素插入链表头部，这种节点插入方法被称为“头插法”。而对于出栈操作，只需将头节点从链表中删除即可。</p>
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<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:3"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">LinkedListStack</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">push()</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">pop()</label></div>
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<div class="tabbed-content">
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><img alt="基于链表实现栈的入栈出栈操作" src="../stack.assets/linkedlist_stack.png" /></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><img alt="linkedlist_stack_push" src="../stack.assets/linkedlist_stack_push.png" /></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><img alt="linkedlist_stack_pop" src="../stack.assets/linkedlist_stack_pop.png" /></p>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<p>以下是基于链表实现栈的示例代码。</p>
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<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:11"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">JavaScript</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">TypeScript</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Zig</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">Dart</label></div>
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<div class="tabbed-content">
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">LinkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将头节点作为栈顶</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 栈的长度</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">LinkedListStack</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-16" name="__codelineno-11-16" href="#__codelineno-11-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-17" name="__codelineno-11-17" href="#__codelineno-11-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-18" name="__codelineno-11-18" href="#__codelineno-11-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-19" name="__codelineno-11-19" href="#__codelineno-11-19"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-20" name="__codelineno-11-20" href="#__codelineno-11-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-21" name="__codelineno-11-21" href="#__codelineno-11-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-22" name="__codelineno-11-22" href="#__codelineno-11-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-23" name="__codelineno-11-23" href="#__codelineno-11-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-24" name="__codelineno-11-24" href="#__codelineno-11-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-25" name="__codelineno-11-25" href="#__codelineno-11-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-26" name="__codelineno-11-26" href="#__codelineno-11-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-27" name="__codelineno-11-27" href="#__codelineno-11-27"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-28" name="__codelineno-11-28" href="#__codelineno-11-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-29" name="__codelineno-11-29" href="#__codelineno-11-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-30" name="__codelineno-11-30" href="#__codelineno-11-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-31" name="__codelineno-11-31" href="#__codelineno-11-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-32" name="__codelineno-11-32" href="#__codelineno-11-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-33" name="__codelineno-11-33" href="#__codelineno-11-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-34" name="__codelineno-11-34" href="#__codelineno-11-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-35" name="__codelineno-11-35" href="#__codelineno-11-35"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-36" name="__codelineno-11-36" href="#__codelineno-11-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-37" name="__codelineno-11-37" href="#__codelineno-11-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-38" name="__codelineno-11-38" href="#__codelineno-11-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-39" name="__codelineno-11-39" href="#__codelineno-11-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-40" name="__codelineno-11-40" href="#__codelineno-11-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-41" name="__codelineno-11-41" href="#__codelineno-11-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-42" name="__codelineno-11-42" href="#__codelineno-11-42"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-43" name="__codelineno-11-43" href="#__codelineno-11-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 将 List 转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-44" name="__codelineno-11-44" href="#__codelineno-11-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-45" name="__codelineno-11-45" href="#__codelineno-11-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-46" name="__codelineno-11-46" href="#__codelineno-11-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-47" name="__codelineno-11-47" href="#__codelineno-11-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-48" name="__codelineno-11-48" href="#__codelineno-11-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-49" name="__codelineno-11-49" href="#__codelineno-11-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-50" name="__codelineno-11-50" href="#__codelineno-11-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-51" name="__codelineno-11-51" href="#__codelineno-11-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-52" name="__codelineno-11-52" href="#__codelineno-11-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-53" name="__codelineno-11-53" href="#__codelineno-11-53"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">LinkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="o">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">stackTop</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将头节点作为栈顶</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 栈的长度</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">LinkedListStack</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackTop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">~</span><span class="n">LinkedListStack</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历链表删除节点，释放内存</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">freeMemoryLinkedList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stackTop</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-12-18" name="__codelineno-12-18" href="#__codelineno-12-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
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|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-19" name="__codelineno-12-19" href="#__codelineno-12-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-20" name="__codelineno-12-20" href="#__codelineno-12-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-21" name="__codelineno-12-21" href="#__codelineno-12-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-12-22" name="__codelineno-12-22" href="#__codelineno-12-22"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-23" name="__codelineno-12-23" href="#__codelineno-12-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-24" name="__codelineno-12-24" href="#__codelineno-12-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-25" name="__codelineno-12-25" href="#__codelineno-12-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-26" name="__codelineno-12-26" href="#__codelineno-12-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-27" name="__codelineno-12-27" href="#__codelineno-12-27"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-12-28" name="__codelineno-12-28" href="#__codelineno-12-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-29" name="__codelineno-12-29" href="#__codelineno-12-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-30" name="__codelineno-12-30" href="#__codelineno-12-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-31" name="__codelineno-12-31" href="#__codelineno-12-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackTop</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-12-32" name="__codelineno-12-32" href="#__codelineno-12-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackTop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
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|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-33" name="__codelineno-12-33" href="#__codelineno-12-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-34" name="__codelineno-12-34" href="#__codelineno-12-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-12-35" name="__codelineno-12-35" href="#__codelineno-12-35"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-12-36" name="__codelineno-12-36" href="#__codelineno-12-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-37" name="__codelineno-12-37" href="#__codelineno-12-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-38" name="__codelineno-12-38" href="#__codelineno-12-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-39" name="__codelineno-12-39" href="#__codelineno-12-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackTop</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-40" name="__codelineno-12-40" href="#__codelineno-12-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackTop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackTop</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-41" name="__codelineno-12-41" href="#__codelineno-12-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 释放内存</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-42" name="__codelineno-12-42" href="#__codelineno-12-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-43" name="__codelineno-12-43" href="#__codelineno-12-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-44" name="__codelineno-12-44" href="#__codelineno-12-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-12-45" name="__codelineno-12-45" href="#__codelineno-12-45"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-46" name="__codelineno-12-46" href="#__codelineno-12-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-47" name="__codelineno-12-47" href="#__codelineno-12-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-48" name="__codelineno-12-48" href="#__codelineno-12-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-49" name="__codelineno-12-49" href="#__codelineno-12-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"栈为空"</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-50" name="__codelineno-12-50" href="#__codelineno-12-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackTop</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-51" name="__codelineno-12-51" href="#__codelineno-12-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-12-52" name="__codelineno-12-52" href="#__codelineno-12-52"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-12-53" name="__codelineno-12-53" href="#__codelineno-12-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 将 List 转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-54" name="__codelineno-12-54" href="#__codelineno-12-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toVector</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-55" name="__codelineno-12-55" href="#__codelineno-12-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackTop</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-56" name="__codelineno-12-56" href="#__codelineno-12-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">());</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-57" name="__codelineno-12-57" href="#__codelineno-12-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-58" name="__codelineno-12-58" href="#__codelineno-12-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-59" name="__codelineno-12-59" href="#__codelineno-12-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-60" name="__codelineno-12-60" href="#__codelineno-12-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-12-61" name="__codelineno-12-61" href="#__codelineno-12-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-62" name="__codelineno-12-62" href="#__codelineno-12-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-12-63" name="__codelineno-12-63" href="#__codelineno-12-63"></a><span class="p">};</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">LinkedListStack</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""基于链表实现的栈"""</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""构造方法"""</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__peek</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""获取栈的长度"""</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">is_empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">bool</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""判断栈是否为空"""</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__peek</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-17" name="__codelineno-13-17" href="#__codelineno-13-17"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-18" name="__codelineno-13-18" href="#__codelineno-13-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""入栈"""</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-13-19" name="__codelineno-13-19" href="#__codelineno-13-19"></a> <span class="n">node</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-20" name="__codelineno-13-20" href="#__codelineno-13-20"></a> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__peek</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-21" name="__codelineno-13-21" href="#__codelineno-13-21"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__peek</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-13-22" name="__codelineno-13-22" href="#__codelineno-13-22"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-13-23" name="__codelineno-13-23" href="#__codelineno-13-23"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-13-24" name="__codelineno-13-24" href="#__codelineno-13-24"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-13-25" name="__codelineno-13-25" href="#__codelineno-13-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""出栈"""</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-26" name="__codelineno-13-26" href="#__codelineno-13-26"></a> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-13-27" name="__codelineno-13-27" href="#__codelineno-13-27"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__peek</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__peek</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-13-28" name="__codelineno-13-28" href="#__codelineno-13-28"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-13-29" name="__codelineno-13-29" href="#__codelineno-13-29"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">num</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-13-30" name="__codelineno-13-30" href="#__codelineno-13-30"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-13-31" name="__codelineno-13-31" href="#__codelineno-13-31"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-13-32" name="__codelineno-13-32" href="#__codelineno-13-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""访问栈顶元素"""</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-33" name="__codelineno-13-33" href="#__codelineno-13-33"></a> <span class="c1"># 判空处理</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-34" name="__codelineno-13-34" href="#__codelineno-13-34"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__peek</span><span class="p">:</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-13-35" name="__codelineno-13-35" href="#__codelineno-13-35"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-13-36" name="__codelineno-13-36" href="#__codelineno-13-36"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__peek</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-13-37" name="__codelineno-13-37" href="#__codelineno-13-37"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-38" name="__codelineno-13-38" href="#__codelineno-13-38"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">to_list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-39" name="__codelineno-13-39" href="#__codelineno-13-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""转化为列表用于打印"""</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-40" name="__codelineno-13-40" href="#__codelineno-13-40"></a> <span class="n">arr</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-41" name="__codelineno-13-41" href="#__codelineno-13-41"></a> <span class="n">node</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__peek</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-42" name="__codelineno-13-42" href="#__codelineno-13-42"></a> <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-43" name="__codelineno-13-43" href="#__codelineno-13-43"></a> <span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-44" name="__codelineno-13-44" href="#__codelineno-13-44"></a> <span class="n">node</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-45" name="__codelineno-13-45" href="#__codelineno-13-45"></a> <span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">reverse</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-46" name="__codelineno-13-46" href="#__codelineno-13-46"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">arr</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 使用内置包 list 来实现栈</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">List</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newLinkedListStack</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&</span><span class="nx">linkedListStack</span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">New</span><span class="p">(),</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListStack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">PushBack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-17" name="__codelineno-14-17" href="#__codelineno-14-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-18" name="__codelineno-14-18" href="#__codelineno-14-18"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-19" name="__codelineno-14-19" href="#__codelineno-14-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-20" name="__codelineno-14-20" href="#__codelineno-14-20"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListStack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-21" name="__codelineno-14-21" href="#__codelineno-14-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-22" name="__codelineno-14-22" href="#__codelineno-14-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-23" name="__codelineno-14-23" href="#__codelineno-14-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-24" name="__codelineno-14-24" href="#__codelineno-14-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Back</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-25" name="__codelineno-14-25" href="#__codelineno-14-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-26" name="__codelineno-14-26" href="#__codelineno-14-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Value</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-27" name="__codelineno-14-27" href="#__codelineno-14-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-28" name="__codelineno-14-28" href="#__codelineno-14-28"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-29" name="__codelineno-14-29" href="#__codelineno-14-29"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-30" name="__codelineno-14-30" href="#__codelineno-14-30"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListStack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-31" name="__codelineno-14-31" href="#__codelineno-14-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-32" name="__codelineno-14-32" href="#__codelineno-14-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-33" name="__codelineno-14-33" href="#__codelineno-14-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-34" name="__codelineno-14-34" href="#__codelineno-14-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Back</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-35" name="__codelineno-14-35" href="#__codelineno-14-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Value</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-36" name="__codelineno-14-36" href="#__codelineno-14-36"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-37" name="__codelineno-14-37" href="#__codelineno-14-37"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-38" name="__codelineno-14-38" href="#__codelineno-14-38"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-39" name="__codelineno-14-39" href="#__codelineno-14-39"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListStack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-40" name="__codelineno-14-40" href="#__codelineno-14-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Len</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-41" name="__codelineno-14-41" href="#__codelineno-14-41"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-42" name="__codelineno-14-42" href="#__codelineno-14-42"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-43" name="__codelineno-14-43" href="#__codelineno-14-43"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-44" name="__codelineno-14-44" href="#__codelineno-14-44"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListStack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-45" name="__codelineno-14-45" href="#__codelineno-14-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-46" name="__codelineno-14-46" href="#__codelineno-14-46"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-47" name="__codelineno-14-47" href="#__codelineno-14-47"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-48" name="__codelineno-14-48" href="#__codelineno-14-48"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取 List 用于打印 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-49" name="__codelineno-14-49" href="#__codelineno-14-49"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListStack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">toList</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">List</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-50" name="__codelineno-14-50" href="#__codelineno-14-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-51" name="__codelineno-14-51" href="#__codelineno-14-51"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">LinkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将头节点作为栈顶</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stkSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 栈的长度</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stkSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-17" name="__codelineno-15-17" href="#__codelineno-15-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-18" name="__codelineno-15-18" href="#__codelineno-15-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-19" name="__codelineno-15-19" href="#__codelineno-15-19"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-20" name="__codelineno-15-20" href="#__codelineno-15-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-21" name="__codelineno-15-21" href="#__codelineno-15-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-22" name="__codelineno-15-22" href="#__codelineno-15-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-23" name="__codelineno-15-23" href="#__codelineno-15-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-24" name="__codelineno-15-24" href="#__codelineno-15-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-25" name="__codelineno-15-25" href="#__codelineno-15-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stkSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-26" name="__codelineno-15-26" href="#__codelineno-15-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-27" name="__codelineno-15-27" href="#__codelineno-15-27"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-28" name="__codelineno-15-28" href="#__codelineno-15-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-29" name="__codelineno-15-29" href="#__codelineno-15-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-30" name="__codelineno-15-30" href="#__codelineno-15-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-31" name="__codelineno-15-31" href="#__codelineno-15-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-32" name="__codelineno-15-32" href="#__codelineno-15-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stkSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-33" name="__codelineno-15-33" href="#__codelineno-15-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-34" name="__codelineno-15-34" href="#__codelineno-15-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-35" name="__codelineno-15-35" href="#__codelineno-15-35"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-36" name="__codelineno-15-36" href="#__codelineno-15-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-37" name="__codelineno-15-37" href="#__codelineno-15-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-38" name="__codelineno-15-38" href="#__codelineno-15-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'栈为空'</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-39" name="__codelineno-15-39" href="#__codelineno-15-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-40" name="__codelineno-15-40" href="#__codelineno-15-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-41" name="__codelineno-15-41" href="#__codelineno-15-41"></a>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-15-42" name="__codelineno-15-42" href="#__codelineno-15-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 将链表转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-43" name="__codelineno-15-43" href="#__codelineno-15-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-44" name="__codelineno-15-44" href="#__codelineno-15-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-45" name="__codelineno-15-45" href="#__codelineno-15-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-46" name="__codelineno-15-46" href="#__codelineno-15-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-47" name="__codelineno-15-47" href="#__codelineno-15-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-48" name="__codelineno-15-48" href="#__codelineno-15-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-49" name="__codelineno-15-49" href="#__codelineno-15-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-15-50" name="__codelineno-15-50" href="#__codelineno-15-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-51" name="__codelineno-15-51" href="#__codelineno-15-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-15-52" name="__codelineno-15-52" href="#__codelineno-15-52"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">LinkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将头节点作为栈顶</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">stkSize</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 栈的长度</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stkSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-16-17" name="__codelineno-16-17" href="#__codelineno-16-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-16-18" name="__codelineno-16-18" href="#__codelineno-16-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-16-19" name="__codelineno-16-19" href="#__codelineno-16-19"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-16-20" name="__codelineno-16-20" href="#__codelineno-16-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-16-21" name="__codelineno-16-21" href="#__codelineno-16-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-22" name="__codelineno-16-22" href="#__codelineno-16-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-16-23" name="__codelineno-16-23" href="#__codelineno-16-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-16-24" name="__codelineno-16-24" href="#__codelineno-16-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-16-25" name="__codelineno-16-25" href="#__codelineno-16-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stkSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-16-26" name="__codelineno-16-26" href="#__codelineno-16-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-16-27" name="__codelineno-16-27" href="#__codelineno-16-27"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-16-28" name="__codelineno-16-28" href="#__codelineno-16-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-16-29" name="__codelineno-16-29" href="#__codelineno-16-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-16-30" name="__codelineno-16-30" href="#__codelineno-16-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-16-31" name="__codelineno-16-31" href="#__codelineno-16-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'栈为空'</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-32" name="__codelineno-16-32" href="#__codelineno-16-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-16-33" name="__codelineno-16-33" href="#__codelineno-16-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stkSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-16-34" name="__codelineno-16-34" href="#__codelineno-16-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-16-35" name="__codelineno-16-35" href="#__codelineno-16-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-16-36" name="__codelineno-16-36" href="#__codelineno-16-36"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-37" name="__codelineno-16-37" href="#__codelineno-16-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-38" name="__codelineno-16-38" href="#__codelineno-16-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-39" name="__codelineno-16-39" href="#__codelineno-16-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'栈为空'</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-40" name="__codelineno-16-40" href="#__codelineno-16-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-41" name="__codelineno-16-41" href="#__codelineno-16-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-42" name="__codelineno-16-42" href="#__codelineno-16-42"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-43" name="__codelineno-16-43" href="#__codelineno-16-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 将链表转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-44" name="__codelineno-16-44" href="#__codelineno-16-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-16-45" name="__codelineno-16-45" href="#__codelineno-16-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-16-46" name="__codelineno-16-46" href="#__codelineno-16-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-16-47" name="__codelineno-16-47" href="#__codelineno-16-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-16-48" name="__codelineno-16-48" href="#__codelineno-16-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-16-49" name="__codelineno-16-49" href="#__codelineno-16-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-16-50" name="__codelineno-16-50" href="#__codelineno-16-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-16-51" name="__codelineno-16-51" href="#__codelineno-16-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-16-52" name="__codelineno-16-52" href="#__codelineno-16-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-16-53" name="__codelineno-16-53" href="#__codelineno-16-53"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">linkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将头节点作为栈顶</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 栈的长度</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a><span class="p">};</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a><span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">linkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linkedListStack</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造函数 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a><span class="n">linkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">newLinkedListStack</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListStack</span><span class="p">));</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">top</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a><span class="cm">/* 析构函数 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">delLinkedListStack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-19" name="__codelineno-17-19" href="#__codelineno-17-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-20" name="__codelineno-17-20" href="#__codelineno-17-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">top</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-21" name="__codelineno-17-21" href="#__codelineno-17-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-22" name="__codelineno-17-22" href="#__codelineno-17-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">top</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-23" name="__codelineno-17-23" href="#__codelineno-17-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-24" name="__codelineno-17-24" href="#__codelineno-17-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-25" name="__codelineno-17-25" href="#__codelineno-17-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-26" name="__codelineno-17-26" href="#__codelineno-17-26"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-27" name="__codelineno-17-27" href="#__codelineno-17-27"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-28" name="__codelineno-17-28" href="#__codelineno-17-28"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-29" name="__codelineno-17-29" href="#__codelineno-17-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-30" name="__codelineno-17-30" href="#__codelineno-17-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-31" name="__codelineno-17-31" href="#__codelineno-17-31"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-32" name="__codelineno-17-32" href="#__codelineno-17-32"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-33" name="__codelineno-17-33" href="#__codelineno-17-33"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-34" name="__codelineno-17-34" href="#__codelineno-17-34"></a><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-35" name="__codelineno-17-35" href="#__codelineno-17-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-36" name="__codelineno-17-36" href="#__codelineno-17-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-37" name="__codelineno-17-37" href="#__codelineno-17-37"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-38" name="__codelineno-17-38" href="#__codelineno-17-38"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-39" name="__codelineno-17-39" href="#__codelineno-17-39"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-40" name="__codelineno-17-40" href="#__codelineno-17-40"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-41" name="__codelineno-17-41" href="#__codelineno-17-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-42" name="__codelineno-17-42" href="#__codelineno-17-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-43" name="__codelineno-17-43" href="#__codelineno-17-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">top</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-44" name="__codelineno-17-44" href="#__codelineno-17-44"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-17-45" name="__codelineno-17-45" href="#__codelineno-17-45"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-46" name="__codelineno-17-46" href="#__codelineno-17-46"></a><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-47" name="__codelineno-17-47" href="#__codelineno-17-47"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-48" name="__codelineno-17-48" href="#__codelineno-17-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-49" name="__codelineno-17-49" href="#__codelineno-17-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">));</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-50" name="__codelineno-17-50" href="#__codelineno-17-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新新加节点指针域</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-51" name="__codelineno-17-51" href="#__codelineno-17-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新新加节点数据域</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-52" name="__codelineno-17-52" href="#__codelineno-17-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">top</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新栈顶</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-53" name="__codelineno-17-53" href="#__codelineno-17-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新栈大小</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-54" name="__codelineno-17-54" href="#__codelineno-17-54"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-17-55" name="__codelineno-17-55" href="#__codelineno-17-55"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-17-56" name="__codelineno-17-56" href="#__codelineno-17-56"></a><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-57" name="__codelineno-17-57" href="#__codelineno-17-57"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-58" name="__codelineno-17-58" href="#__codelineno-17-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-59" name="__codelineno-17-59" href="#__codelineno-17-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"stack is empty.</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-60" name="__codelineno-17-60" href="#__codelineno-17-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">INT_MAX</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-61" name="__codelineno-17-61" href="#__codelineno-17-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-62" name="__codelineno-17-62" href="#__codelineno-17-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-63" name="__codelineno-17-63" href="#__codelineno-17-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-64" name="__codelineno-17-64" href="#__codelineno-17-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-65" name="__codelineno-17-65" href="#__codelineno-17-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">top</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">top</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-66" name="__codelineno-17-66" href="#__codelineno-17-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 释放内存</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-67" name="__codelineno-17-67" href="#__codelineno-17-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-68" name="__codelineno-17-68" href="#__codelineno-17-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-69" name="__codelineno-17-69" href="#__codelineno-17-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-70" name="__codelineno-17-70" href="#__codelineno-17-70"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">LinkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将头节点作为栈顶</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 栈的长度</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">LinkedListStack</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-18" name="__codelineno-18-18" href="#__codelineno-18-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-19" name="__codelineno-18-19" href="#__codelineno-18-19"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-20" name="__codelineno-18-20" href="#__codelineno-18-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-21" name="__codelineno-18-21" href="#__codelineno-18-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-22" name="__codelineno-18-22" href="#__codelineno-18-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-23" name="__codelineno-18-23" href="#__codelineno-18-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-24" name="__codelineno-18-24" href="#__codelineno-18-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-25" name="__codelineno-18-25" href="#__codelineno-18-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-26" name="__codelineno-18-26" href="#__codelineno-18-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-27" name="__codelineno-18-27" href="#__codelineno-18-27"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-18-28" name="__codelineno-18-28" href="#__codelineno-18-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-29" name="__codelineno-18-29" href="#__codelineno-18-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-30" name="__codelineno-18-30" href="#__codelineno-18-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-31" name="__codelineno-18-31" href="#__codelineno-18-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Exception</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-32" name="__codelineno-18-32" href="#__codelineno-18-32"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-33" name="__codelineno-18-33" href="#__codelineno-18-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-34" name="__codelineno-18-34" href="#__codelineno-18-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-35" name="__codelineno-18-35" href="#__codelineno-18-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-36" name="__codelineno-18-36" href="#__codelineno-18-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-37" name="__codelineno-18-37" href="#__codelineno-18-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-18-38" name="__codelineno-18-38" href="#__codelineno-18-38"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-18-39" name="__codelineno-18-39" href="#__codelineno-18-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-40" name="__codelineno-18-40" href="#__codelineno-18-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-41" name="__codelineno-18-41" href="#__codelineno-18-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-42" name="__codelineno-18-42" href="#__codelineno-18-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Exception</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-43" name="__codelineno-18-43" href="#__codelineno-18-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-44" name="__codelineno-18-44" href="#__codelineno-18-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-18-45" name="__codelineno-18-45" href="#__codelineno-18-45"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-18-46" name="__codelineno-18-46" href="#__codelineno-18-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 将 List 转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-47" name="__codelineno-18-47" href="#__codelineno-18-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-48" name="__codelineno-18-48" href="#__codelineno-18-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-49" name="__codelineno-18-49" href="#__codelineno-18-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Empty</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-50" name="__codelineno-18-50" href="#__codelineno-18-50"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-18-51" name="__codelineno-18-51" href="#__codelineno-18-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-52" name="__codelineno-18-52" href="#__codelineno-18-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()];</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-53" name="__codelineno-18-53" href="#__codelineno-18-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-54" name="__codelineno-18-54" href="#__codelineno-18-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-18-55" name="__codelineno-18-55" href="#__codelineno-18-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-56" name="__codelineno-18-56" href="#__codelineno-18-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-57" name="__codelineno-18-57" href="#__codelineno-18-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-58" name="__codelineno-18-58" href="#__codelineno-18-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-18-59" name="__codelineno-18-59" href="#__codelineno-18-59"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">LinkedListStack</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a> <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">_peek</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="c1">// 将头节点作为栈顶</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a> <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">_size</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1">// 栈的长度</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a> <span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a> <span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a> <span class="n">_size</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a> <span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="nb">Bool</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a> <span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-19" name="__codelineno-19-19" href="#__codelineno-19-19"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-20" name="__codelineno-19-20" href="#__codelineno-19-20"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-21" name="__codelineno-19-21" href="#__codelineno-19-21"></a> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">_peek</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-22" name="__codelineno-19-22" href="#__codelineno-19-22"></a> <span class="n">_peek</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-23" name="__codelineno-19-23" href="#__codelineno-19-23"></a> <span class="n">_size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-24" name="__codelineno-19-24" href="#__codelineno-19-24"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-25" name="__codelineno-19-25" href="#__codelineno-19-25"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-26" name="__codelineno-19-26" href="#__codelineno-19-26"></a> <span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-27" name="__codelineno-19-27" href="#__codelineno-19-27"></a> <span class="p">@</span><span class="n">discardableResult</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-28" name="__codelineno-19-28" href="#__codelineno-19-28"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-29" name="__codelineno-19-29" href="#__codelineno-19-29"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">num</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-30" name="__codelineno-19-30" href="#__codelineno-19-30"></a> <span class="n">_peek</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">_peek</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">next</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-31" name="__codelineno-19-31" href="#__codelineno-19-31"></a> <span class="n">_size</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-32" name="__codelineno-19-32" href="#__codelineno-19-32"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">num</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-33" name="__codelineno-19-33" href="#__codelineno-19-33"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-34" name="__codelineno-19-34" href="#__codelineno-19-34"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-35" name="__codelineno-19-35" href="#__codelineno-19-35"></a> <span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-36" name="__codelineno-19-36" href="#__codelineno-19-36"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-37" name="__codelineno-19-37" href="#__codelineno-19-37"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-38" name="__codelineno-19-38" href="#__codelineno-19-38"></a> <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"栈为空"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-39" name="__codelineno-19-39" href="#__codelineno-19-39"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-40" name="__codelineno-19-40" href="#__codelineno-19-40"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">_peek</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-41" name="__codelineno-19-41" href="#__codelineno-19-41"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-42" name="__codelineno-19-42" href="#__codelineno-19-42"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-43" name="__codelineno-19-43" href="#__codelineno-19-43"></a> <span class="cm">/* 将 List 转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-44" name="__codelineno-19-44" href="#__codelineno-19-44"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-45" name="__codelineno-19-45" href="#__codelineno-19-45"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">_peek</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-46" name="__codelineno-19-46" href="#__codelineno-19-46"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-47" name="__codelineno-19-47" href="#__codelineno-19-47"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">sequence</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">first</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">next</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="o">>=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">?</span> <span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">})</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-48" name="__codelineno-19-48" href="#__codelineno-19-48"></a> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-49" name="__codelineno-19-49" href="#__codelineno-19-49"></a> <span class="n">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">next</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-50" name="__codelineno-19-50" href="#__codelineno-19-50"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-51" name="__codelineno-19-51" href="#__codelineno-19-51"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-52" name="__codelineno-19-52" href="#__codelineno-19-52"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-53" name="__codelineno-19-53" href="#__codelineno-19-53"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="c1">// 基于链表实现的栈</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">LinkedListStack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@This</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack_top</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将头节点作为栈顶</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stk_size</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 栈的长度</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArenaAllocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 内存分配器</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 构造方法（分配内存+初始化栈）</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArenaAllocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack_top</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stk_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-19" name="__codelineno-20-19" href="#__codelineno-20-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-20-20" name="__codelineno-20-20" href="#__codelineno-20-20"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-20-21" name="__codelineno-20-21" href="#__codelineno-20-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 析构方法（释放内存）</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-22" name="__codelineno-20-22" href="#__codelineno-20-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-23" name="__codelineno-20-23" href="#__codelineno-20-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-24" name="__codelineno-20-24" href="#__codelineno-20-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-25" name="__codelineno-20-25" href="#__codelineno-20-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-26" name="__codelineno-20-26" href="#__codelineno-20-26"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-27" name="__codelineno-20-27" href="#__codelineno-20-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 获取栈的长度</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-28" name="__codelineno-20-28" href="#__codelineno-20-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-20-29" name="__codelineno-20-29" href="#__codelineno-20-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stk_size</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-30" name="__codelineno-20-30" href="#__codelineno-20-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-20-31" name="__codelineno-20-31" href="#__codelineno-20-31"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-32" name="__codelineno-20-32" href="#__codelineno-20-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 判断栈是否为空</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-33" name="__codelineno-20-33" href="#__codelineno-20-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-34" name="__codelineno-20-34" href="#__codelineno-20-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-35" name="__codelineno-20-35" href="#__codelineno-20-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-36" name="__codelineno-20-36" href="#__codelineno-20-36"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-37" name="__codelineno-20-37" href="#__codelineno-20-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问栈顶元素</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-20-38" name="__codelineno-20-38" href="#__codelineno-20-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-39" name="__codelineno-20-39" href="#__codelineno-20-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"栈为空"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-40" name="__codelineno-20-40" href="#__codelineno-20-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack_top</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-41" name="__codelineno-20-41" href="#__codelineno-20-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-42" name="__codelineno-20-42" href="#__codelineno-20-42"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-43" name="__codelineno-20-43" href="#__codelineno-20-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 入栈</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-44" name="__codelineno-20-44" href="#__codelineno-20-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-45" name="__codelineno-20-45" href="#__codelineno-20-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">create</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">));</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-46" name="__codelineno-20-46" href="#__codelineno-20-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-47" name="__codelineno-20-47" href="#__codelineno-20-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack_top</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-48" name="__codelineno-20-48" href="#__codelineno-20-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack_top</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-49" name="__codelineno-20-49" href="#__codelineno-20-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stk_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-50" name="__codelineno-20-50" href="#__codelineno-20-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-51" name="__codelineno-20-51" href="#__codelineno-20-51"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-52" name="__codelineno-20-52" href="#__codelineno-20-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 出栈</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-53" name="__codelineno-20-53" href="#__codelineno-20-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-54" name="__codelineno-20-54" href="#__codelineno-20-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-55" name="__codelineno-20-55" href="#__codelineno-20-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack_top</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack_top</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-56" name="__codelineno-20-56" href="#__codelineno-20-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stk_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-57" name="__codelineno-20-57" href="#__codelineno-20-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-58" name="__codelineno-20-58" href="#__codelineno-20-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-59" name="__codelineno-20-59" href="#__codelineno-20-59"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-60" name="__codelineno-20-60" href="#__codelineno-20-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将栈转换为数组</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-61" name="__codelineno-20-61" href="#__codelineno-20-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toArray</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-62" name="__codelineno-20-62" href="#__codelineno-20-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack_top</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-63" name="__codelineno-20-63" href="#__codelineno-20-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">alloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">());</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-64" name="__codelineno-20-64" href="#__codelineno-20-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-65" name="__codelineno-20-65" href="#__codelineno-20-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-66" name="__codelineno-20-66" href="#__codelineno-20-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-67" name="__codelineno-20-67" href="#__codelineno-20-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-68" name="__codelineno-20-68" href="#__codelineno-20-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-69" name="__codelineno-20-69" href="#__codelineno-20-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-70" name="__codelineno-20-70" href="#__codelineno-20-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-71" name="__codelineno-20-71" href="#__codelineno-20-71"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-72" name="__codelineno-20-72" href="#__codelineno-20-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-73" name="__codelineno-20-73" href="#__codelineno-20-73"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表类实现的栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">LinkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将头节点作为栈顶</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stkSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 栈的长度</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">LinkedListStack</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stkSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stkSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-19" name="__codelineno-21-19" href="#__codelineno-21-19"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-20" name="__codelineno-21-20" href="#__codelineno-21-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-21" name="__codelineno-21-21" href="#__codelineno-21-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-22" name="__codelineno-21-22" href="#__codelineno-21-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-23" name="__codelineno-21-23" href="#__codelineno-21-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-24" name="__codelineno-21-24" href="#__codelineno-21-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-25" name="__codelineno-21-25" href="#__codelineno-21-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stkSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-26" name="__codelineno-21-26" href="#__codelineno-21-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-21-27" name="__codelineno-21-27" href="#__codelineno-21-27"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-21-28" name="__codelineno-21-28" href="#__codelineno-21-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-21-29" name="__codelineno-21-29" href="#__codelineno-21-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-30" name="__codelineno-21-30" href="#__codelineno-21-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-21-31" name="__codelineno-21-31" href="#__codelineno-21-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stackPeek</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-32" name="__codelineno-21-32" href="#__codelineno-21-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stkSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-21-33" name="__codelineno-21-33" href="#__codelineno-21-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-21-34" name="__codelineno-21-34" href="#__codelineno-21-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-35" name="__codelineno-21-35" href="#__codelineno-21-35"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-21-36" name="__codelineno-21-36" href="#__codelineno-21-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-37" name="__codelineno-21-37" href="#__codelineno-21-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-38" name="__codelineno-21-38" href="#__codelineno-21-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-39" name="__codelineno-21-39" href="#__codelineno-21-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"栈为空"</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-40" name="__codelineno-21-40" href="#__codelineno-21-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-41" name="__codelineno-21-41" href="#__codelineno-21-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stackPeek</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-42" name="__codelineno-21-42" href="#__codelineno-21-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-43" name="__codelineno-21-43" href="#__codelineno-21-43"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-44" name="__codelineno-21-44" href="#__codelineno-21-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 将链表转化为 List 并返回 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-45" name="__codelineno-21-45" href="#__codelineno-21-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toList</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-46" name="__codelineno-21-46" href="#__codelineno-21-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-47" name="__codelineno-21-47" href="#__codelineno-21-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-48" name="__codelineno-21-48" href="#__codelineno-21-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-49" name="__codelineno-21-49" href="#__codelineno-21-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-50" name="__codelineno-21-50" href="#__codelineno-21-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-51" name="__codelineno-21-51" href="#__codelineno-21-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-52" name="__codelineno-21-52" href="#__codelineno-21-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">reversed</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">toList</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-53" name="__codelineno-21-53" href="#__codelineno-21-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-54" name="__codelineno-21-54" href="#__codelineno-21-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-55" name="__codelineno-21-55" href="#__codelineno-21-55"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<h3 id="_2">基于数组的实现<a class="headerlink" href="#_2" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
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<p>在基于「数组」实现栈时，我们可以将数组的尾部作为栈顶。在这样的设计下，入栈与出栈操作就分别对应在数组尾部添加元素与删除元素，时间复杂度都为 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(1)\)</span> 。</p>
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<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="4:3"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_4_1" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_2" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_3" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_4_1">ArrayStack</label><label for="__tabbed_4_2">push()</label><label for="__tabbed_4_3">pop()</label></div>
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<div class="tabbed-content">
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><img alt="基于数组实现栈的入栈出栈操作" src="../stack.assets/array_stack.png" /></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><img alt="array_stack_push" src="../stack.assets/array_stack_push.png" /></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><img alt="array_stack_pop" src="../stack.assets/array_stack_pop.png" /></p>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<p>由于入栈的元素可能会源源不断地增加，因此我们可以使用动态数组，这样就无需自行处理数组扩容问题。以下为示例代码。</p>
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<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="5:11"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_5_1" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_2" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_3" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_4" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_5" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_6" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_7" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_8" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_9" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_10" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_11" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_5_1">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_5_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_5_3">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_5_4">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_5_5">JavaScript</label><label for="__tabbed_5_6">TypeScript</label><label for="__tabbed_5_7">C</label><label for="__tabbed_5_8">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_5_9">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_5_10">Zig</label><label for="__tabbed_5_11">Dart</label></div>
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<div class="tabbed-content">
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组实现的栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">ArrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">ArrayStack</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化列表（动态数组）</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o"><></span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-14" name="__codelineno-22-14" href="#__codelineno-22-14"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-15" name="__codelineno-22-15" href="#__codelineno-22-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-16" name="__codelineno-22-16" href="#__codelineno-22-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-17" name="__codelineno-22-17" href="#__codelineno-22-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-18" name="__codelineno-22-18" href="#__codelineno-22-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-19" name="__codelineno-22-19" href="#__codelineno-22-19"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-20" name="__codelineno-22-20" href="#__codelineno-22-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-21" name="__codelineno-22-21" href="#__codelineno-22-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-22" name="__codelineno-22-22" href="#__codelineno-22-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-23" name="__codelineno-22-23" href="#__codelineno-22-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-24" name="__codelineno-22-24" href="#__codelineno-22-24"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-25" name="__codelineno-22-25" href="#__codelineno-22-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-26" name="__codelineno-22-26" href="#__codelineno-22-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-27" name="__codelineno-22-27" href="#__codelineno-22-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-28" name="__codelineno-22-28" href="#__codelineno-22-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-29" name="__codelineno-22-29" href="#__codelineno-22-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-30" name="__codelineno-22-30" href="#__codelineno-22-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-31" name="__codelineno-22-31" href="#__codelineno-22-31"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-32" name="__codelineno-22-32" href="#__codelineno-22-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-33" name="__codelineno-22-33" href="#__codelineno-22-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-34" name="__codelineno-22-34" href="#__codelineno-22-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-35" name="__codelineno-22-35" href="#__codelineno-22-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-36" name="__codelineno-22-36" href="#__codelineno-22-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-37" name="__codelineno-22-37" href="#__codelineno-22-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-38" name="__codelineno-22-38" href="#__codelineno-22-38"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-39" name="__codelineno-22-39" href="#__codelineno-22-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 将 List 转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-40" name="__codelineno-22-40" href="#__codelineno-22-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Object</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-41" name="__codelineno-22-41" href="#__codelineno-22-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">toArray</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-42" name="__codelineno-22-42" href="#__codelineno-22-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-43" name="__codelineno-22-43" href="#__codelineno-22-43"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组实现的栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ArrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="o">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-7" name="__codelineno-23-7" href="#__codelineno-23-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-8" name="__codelineno-23-8" href="#__codelineno-23-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-9" name="__codelineno-23-9" href="#__codelineno-23-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-10" name="__codelineno-23-10" href="#__codelineno-23-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-11" name="__codelineno-23-11" href="#__codelineno-23-11"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-23-12" name="__codelineno-23-12" href="#__codelineno-23-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-13" name="__codelineno-23-13" href="#__codelineno-23-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-14" name="__codelineno-23-14" href="#__codelineno-23-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-15" name="__codelineno-23-15" href="#__codelineno-23-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-16" name="__codelineno-23-16" href="#__codelineno-23-16"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-23-17" name="__codelineno-23-17" href="#__codelineno-23-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-18" name="__codelineno-23-18" href="#__codelineno-23-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-19" name="__codelineno-23-19" href="#__codelineno-23-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-20" name="__codelineno-23-20" href="#__codelineno-23-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-21" name="__codelineno-23-21" href="#__codelineno-23-21"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-22" name="__codelineno-23-22" href="#__codelineno-23-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-23" name="__codelineno-23-23" href="#__codelineno-23-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-24" name="__codelineno-23-24" href="#__codelineno-23-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">oldTop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-25" name="__codelineno-23-25" href="#__codelineno-23-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop_back</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-26" name="__codelineno-23-26" href="#__codelineno-23-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-27" name="__codelineno-23-27" href="#__codelineno-23-27"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-28" name="__codelineno-23-28" href="#__codelineno-23-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-29" name="__codelineno-23-29" href="#__codelineno-23-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-30" name="__codelineno-23-30" href="#__codelineno-23-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">())</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-31" name="__codelineno-23-31" href="#__codelineno-23-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"栈为空"</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-32" name="__codelineno-23-32" href="#__codelineno-23-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">back</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-33" name="__codelineno-23-33" href="#__codelineno-23-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-34" name="__codelineno-23-34" href="#__codelineno-23-34"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-35" name="__codelineno-23-35" href="#__codelineno-23-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 返回 Vector */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-36" name="__codelineno-23-36" href="#__codelineno-23-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toVector</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-37" name="__codelineno-23-37" href="#__codelineno-23-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-38" name="__codelineno-23-38" href="#__codelineno-23-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-39" name="__codelineno-23-39" href="#__codelineno-23-39"></a><span class="p">};</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">ArrayStack</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""基于数组实现的栈"""</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-4" name="__codelineno-24-4" href="#__codelineno-24-4"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-5" name="__codelineno-24-5" href="#__codelineno-24-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""构造方法"""</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-6" name="__codelineno-24-6" href="#__codelineno-24-6"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__stack</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-7" name="__codelineno-24-7" href="#__codelineno-24-7"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-8" name="__codelineno-24-8" href="#__codelineno-24-8"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-9" name="__codelineno-24-9" href="#__codelineno-24-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""获取栈的长度"""</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-10" name="__codelineno-24-10" href="#__codelineno-24-10"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__stack</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-11" name="__codelineno-24-11" href="#__codelineno-24-11"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-12" name="__codelineno-24-12" href="#__codelineno-24-12"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">is_empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">bool</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-13" name="__codelineno-24-13" href="#__codelineno-24-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""判断栈是否为空"""</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-14" name="__codelineno-24-14" href="#__codelineno-24-14"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__stack</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-15" name="__codelineno-24-15" href="#__codelineno-24-15"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-16" name="__codelineno-24-16" href="#__codelineno-24-16"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">item</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-17" name="__codelineno-24-17" href="#__codelineno-24-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""入栈"""</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-18" name="__codelineno-24-18" href="#__codelineno-24-18"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__stack</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-19" name="__codelineno-24-19" href="#__codelineno-24-19"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-20" name="__codelineno-24-20" href="#__codelineno-24-20"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-21" name="__codelineno-24-21" href="#__codelineno-24-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""出栈"""</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-22" name="__codelineno-24-22" href="#__codelineno-24-22"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">():</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-23" name="__codelineno-24-23" href="#__codelineno-24-23"></a> <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"栈为空"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-24" name="__codelineno-24-24" href="#__codelineno-24-24"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__stack</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-25" name="__codelineno-24-25" href="#__codelineno-24-25"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-26" name="__codelineno-24-26" href="#__codelineno-24-26"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-27" name="__codelineno-24-27" href="#__codelineno-24-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""访问栈顶元素"""</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-28" name="__codelineno-24-28" href="#__codelineno-24-28"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">():</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-29" name="__codelineno-24-29" href="#__codelineno-24-29"></a> <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"栈为空"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-30" name="__codelineno-24-30" href="#__codelineno-24-30"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__stack</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-31" name="__codelineno-24-31" href="#__codelineno-24-31"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-32" name="__codelineno-24-32" href="#__codelineno-24-32"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">to_list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-33" name="__codelineno-24-33" href="#__codelineno-24-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""返回列表用于打印"""</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-34" name="__codelineno-24-34" href="#__codelineno-24-34"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__stack</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组实现的栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 数据</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-7" name="__codelineno-25-7" href="#__codelineno-25-7"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newArrayStack</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-8" name="__codelineno-25-8" href="#__codelineno-25-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&</span><span class="nx">arrayStack</span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-9" name="__codelineno-25-9" href="#__codelineno-25-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 设置栈的长度为 0，容量为 16</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-10" name="__codelineno-25-10" href="#__codelineno-25-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">16</span><span class="p">),</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-11" name="__codelineno-25-11" href="#__codelineno-25-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-12" name="__codelineno-25-12" href="#__codelineno-25-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-13" name="__codelineno-25-13" href="#__codelineno-25-13"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-25-14" name="__codelineno-25-14" href="#__codelineno-25-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 栈的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-15" name="__codelineno-25-15" href="#__codelineno-25-15"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayStack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-16" name="__codelineno-25-16" href="#__codelineno-25-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-17" name="__codelineno-25-17" href="#__codelineno-25-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-25-18" name="__codelineno-25-18" href="#__codelineno-25-18"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-25-19" name="__codelineno-25-19" href="#__codelineno-25-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 栈是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-20" name="__codelineno-25-20" href="#__codelineno-25-20"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayStack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-25-21" name="__codelineno-25-21" href="#__codelineno-25-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-25-22" name="__codelineno-25-22" href="#__codelineno-25-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-25-23" name="__codelineno-25-23" href="#__codelineno-25-23"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-25-24" name="__codelineno-25-24" href="#__codelineno-25-24"></a><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-25-25" name="__codelineno-25-25" href="#__codelineno-25-25"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayStack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-25-26" name="__codelineno-25-26" href="#__codelineno-25-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 切片会自动扩容</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-25-27" name="__codelineno-25-27" href="#__codelineno-25-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-25-28" name="__codelineno-25-28" href="#__codelineno-25-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-25-29" name="__codelineno-25-29" href="#__codelineno-25-29"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-25-30" name="__codelineno-25-30" href="#__codelineno-25-30"></a><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-25-31" name="__codelineno-25-31" href="#__codelineno-25-31"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayStack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-25-32" name="__codelineno-25-32" href="#__codelineno-25-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-25-33" name="__codelineno-25-33" href="#__codelineno-25-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-25-34" name="__codelineno-25-34" href="#__codelineno-25-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-25-35" name="__codelineno-25-35" href="#__codelineno-25-35"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-25-36" name="__codelineno-25-36" href="#__codelineno-25-36"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-25-37" name="__codelineno-25-37" href="#__codelineno-25-37"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取栈顶元素 */</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-25-38" name="__codelineno-25-38" href="#__codelineno-25-38"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayStack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-25-39" name="__codelineno-25-39" href="#__codelineno-25-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-25-40" name="__codelineno-25-40" href="#__codelineno-25-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-25-41" name="__codelineno-25-41" href="#__codelineno-25-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-25-42" name="__codelineno-25-42" href="#__codelineno-25-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-25-43" name="__codelineno-25-43" href="#__codelineno-25-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-25-44" name="__codelineno-25-44" href="#__codelineno-25-44"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-25-45" name="__codelineno-25-45" href="#__codelineno-25-45"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-25-46" name="__codelineno-25-46" href="#__codelineno-25-46"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取 Slice 用于打印 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-25-47" name="__codelineno-25-47" href="#__codelineno-25-47"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayStack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">toSlice</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-25-48" name="__codelineno-25-48" href="#__codelineno-25-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-25-49" name="__codelineno-25-49" href="#__codelineno-25-49"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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|
</code></pre></div>
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|
</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组实现的栈 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ArrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-26-5" name="__codelineno-26-5" href="#__codelineno-26-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-26-6" name="__codelineno-26-6" href="#__codelineno-26-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-26-7" name="__codelineno-26-7" href="#__codelineno-26-7"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-26-8" name="__codelineno-26-8" href="#__codelineno-26-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-26-9" name="__codelineno-26-9" href="#__codelineno-26-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-26-10" name="__codelineno-26-10" href="#__codelineno-26-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-26-11" name="__codelineno-26-11" href="#__codelineno-26-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-26-12" name="__codelineno-26-12" href="#__codelineno-26-12"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-26-13" name="__codelineno-26-13" href="#__codelineno-26-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-26-14" name="__codelineno-26-14" href="#__codelineno-26-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">empty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-26-15" name="__codelineno-26-15" href="#__codelineno-26-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-26-16" name="__codelineno-26-16" href="#__codelineno-26-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-26-17" name="__codelineno-26-17" href="#__codelineno-26-17"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-26-18" name="__codelineno-26-18" href="#__codelineno-26-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-26-19" name="__codelineno-26-19" href="#__codelineno-26-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-26-20" name="__codelineno-26-20" href="#__codelineno-26-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-26-21" name="__codelineno-26-21" href="#__codelineno-26-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-26-22" name="__codelineno-26-22" href="#__codelineno-26-22"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-26-23" name="__codelineno-26-23" href="#__codelineno-26-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-26-24" name="__codelineno-26-24" href="#__codelineno-26-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-26-25" name="__codelineno-26-25" href="#__codelineno-26-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">empty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'栈为空'</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-26-26" name="__codelineno-26-26" href="#__codelineno-26-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-26-27" name="__codelineno-26-27" href="#__codelineno-26-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-26-28" name="__codelineno-26-28" href="#__codelineno-26-28"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-26-29" name="__codelineno-26-29" href="#__codelineno-26-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-26-30" name="__codelineno-26-30" href="#__codelineno-26-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">top</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-26-31" name="__codelineno-26-31" href="#__codelineno-26-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">empty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'栈为空'</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-26-32" name="__codelineno-26-32" href="#__codelineno-26-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-26-33" name="__codelineno-26-33" href="#__codelineno-26-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-26-34" name="__codelineno-26-34" href="#__codelineno-26-34"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-26-35" name="__codelineno-26-35" href="#__codelineno-26-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 返回 Array */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-26-36" name="__codelineno-26-36" href="#__codelineno-26-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-26-37" name="__codelineno-26-37" href="#__codelineno-26-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-26-38" name="__codelineno-26-38" href="#__codelineno-26-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-26-39" name="__codelineno-26-39" href="#__codelineno-26-39"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
|
|
|
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组实现的栈 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ArrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[];</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-5" name="__codelineno-27-5" href="#__codelineno-27-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-6" name="__codelineno-27-6" href="#__codelineno-27-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-7" name="__codelineno-27-7" href="#__codelineno-27-7"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-8" name="__codelineno-27-8" href="#__codelineno-27-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-9" name="__codelineno-27-9" href="#__codelineno-27-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-10" name="__codelineno-27-10" href="#__codelineno-27-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-11" name="__codelineno-27-11" href="#__codelineno-27-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-12" name="__codelineno-27-12" href="#__codelineno-27-12"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-13" name="__codelineno-27-13" href="#__codelineno-27-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-14" name="__codelineno-27-14" href="#__codelineno-27-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">empty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-15" name="__codelineno-27-15" href="#__codelineno-27-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-16" name="__codelineno-27-16" href="#__codelineno-27-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-17" name="__codelineno-27-17" href="#__codelineno-27-17"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-18" name="__codelineno-27-18" href="#__codelineno-27-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-19" name="__codelineno-27-19" href="#__codelineno-27-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-20" name="__codelineno-27-20" href="#__codelineno-27-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-21" name="__codelineno-27-21" href="#__codelineno-27-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-22" name="__codelineno-27-22" href="#__codelineno-27-22"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-23" name="__codelineno-27-23" href="#__codelineno-27-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-24" name="__codelineno-27-24" href="#__codelineno-27-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-25" name="__codelineno-27-25" href="#__codelineno-27-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">empty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'栈为空'</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-26" name="__codelineno-27-26" href="#__codelineno-27-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-27" name="__codelineno-27-27" href="#__codelineno-27-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-28" name="__codelineno-27-28" href="#__codelineno-27-28"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-27-29" name="__codelineno-27-29" href="#__codelineno-27-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-30" name="__codelineno-27-30" href="#__codelineno-27-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">top</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-31" name="__codelineno-27-31" href="#__codelineno-27-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">empty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'栈为空'</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-32" name="__codelineno-27-32" href="#__codelineno-27-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-33" name="__codelineno-27-33" href="#__codelineno-27-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-34" name="__codelineno-27-34" href="#__codelineno-27-34"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-35" name="__codelineno-27-35" href="#__codelineno-27-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 返回 Array */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-36" name="__codelineno-27-36" href="#__codelineno-27-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-37" name="__codelineno-27-37" href="#__codelineno-27-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-38" name="__codelineno-27-38" href="#__codelineno-27-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-39" name="__codelineno-27-39" href="#__codelineno-27-39"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组实现的栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">arrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-5" name="__codelineno-28-5" href="#__codelineno-28-5"></a><span class="p">};</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-6" name="__codelineno-28-6" href="#__codelineno-28-6"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-28-7" name="__codelineno-28-7" href="#__codelineno-28-7"></a><span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">arrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrayStack</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-8" name="__codelineno-28-8" href="#__codelineno-28-8"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-28-9" name="__codelineno-28-9" href="#__codelineno-28-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造函数 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-10" name="__codelineno-28-10" href="#__codelineno-28-10"></a><span class="n">arrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">newArrayStack</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-11" name="__codelineno-28-11" href="#__codelineno-28-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayStack</span><span class="p">));</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-28-12" name="__codelineno-28-12" href="#__codelineno-28-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个大容量，避免扩容</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-13" name="__codelineno-28-13" href="#__codelineno-28-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">data</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX_SIZE</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-14" name="__codelineno-28-14" href="#__codelineno-28-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-28-15" name="__codelineno-28-15" href="#__codelineno-28-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-16" name="__codelineno-28-16" href="#__codelineno-28-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-28-17" name="__codelineno-28-17" href="#__codelineno-28-17"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-18" name="__codelineno-28-18" href="#__codelineno-28-18"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-19" name="__codelineno-28-19" href="#__codelineno-28-19"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-20" name="__codelineno-28-20" href="#__codelineno-28-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-21" name="__codelineno-28-21" href="#__codelineno-28-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-22" name="__codelineno-28-22" href="#__codelineno-28-22"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-23" name="__codelineno-28-23" href="#__codelineno-28-23"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-24" name="__codelineno-28-24" href="#__codelineno-28-24"></a><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-25" name="__codelineno-28-25" href="#__codelineno-28-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-28-26" name="__codelineno-28-26" href="#__codelineno-28-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-27" name="__codelineno-28-27" href="#__codelineno-28-27"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-28" name="__codelineno-28-28" href="#__codelineno-28-28"></a><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-29" name="__codelineno-28-29" href="#__codelineno-28-29"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-28-30" name="__codelineno-28-30" href="#__codelineno-28-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX_SIZE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-31" name="__codelineno-28-31" href="#__codelineno-28-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"stack is full.</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-28-32" name="__codelineno-28-32" href="#__codelineno-28-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-28-33" name="__codelineno-28-33" href="#__codelineno-28-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-34" name="__codelineno-28-34" href="#__codelineno-28-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-28-35" name="__codelineno-28-35" href="#__codelineno-28-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-28-36" name="__codelineno-28-36" href="#__codelineno-28-36"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-37" name="__codelineno-28-37" href="#__codelineno-28-37"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-38" name="__codelineno-28-38" href="#__codelineno-28-38"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-28-39" name="__codelineno-28-39" href="#__codelineno-28-39"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-28-40" name="__codelineno-28-40" href="#__codelineno-28-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-41" name="__codelineno-28-41" href="#__codelineno-28-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"stack is empty.</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-42" name="__codelineno-28-42" href="#__codelineno-28-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">INT_MAX</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-43" name="__codelineno-28-43" href="#__codelineno-28-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-44" name="__codelineno-28-44" href="#__codelineno-28-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-45" name="__codelineno-28-45" href="#__codelineno-28-45"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-46" name="__codelineno-28-46" href="#__codelineno-28-46"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-47" name="__codelineno-28-47" href="#__codelineno-28-47"></a><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-48" name="__codelineno-28-48" href="#__codelineno-28-48"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-49" name="__codelineno-28-49" href="#__codelineno-28-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-50" name="__codelineno-28-50" href="#__codelineno-28-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"stack is empty.</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-51" name="__codelineno-28-51" href="#__codelineno-28-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">INT_MAX</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-52" name="__codelineno-28-52" href="#__codelineno-28-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-53" name="__codelineno-28-53" href="#__codelineno-28-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-28-54" name="__codelineno-28-54" href="#__codelineno-28-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-28-55" name="__codelineno-28-55" href="#__codelineno-28-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-56" name="__codelineno-28-56" href="#__codelineno-28-56"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组实现的栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ArrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">ArrayStack</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-5" name="__codelineno-29-5" href="#__codelineno-29-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化列表（动态数组）</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-6" name="__codelineno-29-6" href="#__codelineno-29-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-7" name="__codelineno-29-7" href="#__codelineno-29-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-8" name="__codelineno-29-8" href="#__codelineno-29-8"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-9" name="__codelineno-29-9" href="#__codelineno-29-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-10" name="__codelineno-29-10" href="#__codelineno-29-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-11" name="__codelineno-29-11" href="#__codelineno-29-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-12" name="__codelineno-29-12" href="#__codelineno-29-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-13" name="__codelineno-29-13" href="#__codelineno-29-13"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-14" name="__codelineno-29-14" href="#__codelineno-29-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-15" name="__codelineno-29-15" href="#__codelineno-29-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-16" name="__codelineno-29-16" href="#__codelineno-29-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-17" name="__codelineno-29-17" href="#__codelineno-29-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-18" name="__codelineno-29-18" href="#__codelineno-29-18"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-19" name="__codelineno-29-19" href="#__codelineno-29-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-20" name="__codelineno-29-20" href="#__codelineno-29-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-21" name="__codelineno-29-21" href="#__codelineno-29-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-22" name="__codelineno-29-22" href="#__codelineno-29-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-23" name="__codelineno-29-23" href="#__codelineno-29-23"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-24" name="__codelineno-29-24" href="#__codelineno-29-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-25" name="__codelineno-29-25" href="#__codelineno-29-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-26" name="__codelineno-29-26" href="#__codelineno-29-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-27" name="__codelineno-29-27" href="#__codelineno-29-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Exception</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-28" name="__codelineno-29-28" href="#__codelineno-29-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-29" name="__codelineno-29-29" href="#__codelineno-29-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">RemoveAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-30" name="__codelineno-29-30" href="#__codelineno-29-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-31" name="__codelineno-29-31" href="#__codelineno-29-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-32" name="__codelineno-29-32" href="#__codelineno-29-32"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-33" name="__codelineno-29-33" href="#__codelineno-29-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-34" name="__codelineno-29-34" href="#__codelineno-29-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-35" name="__codelineno-29-35" href="#__codelineno-29-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-36" name="__codelineno-29-36" href="#__codelineno-29-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Exception</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-37" name="__codelineno-29-37" href="#__codelineno-29-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-38" name="__codelineno-29-38" href="#__codelineno-29-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-29-39" name="__codelineno-29-39" href="#__codelineno-29-39"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-29-40" name="__codelineno-29-40" href="#__codelineno-29-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 将 List 转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-29-41" name="__codelineno-29-41" href="#__codelineno-29-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-42" name="__codelineno-29-42" href="#__codelineno-29-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ToArray</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-43" name="__codelineno-29-43" href="#__codelineno-29-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-44" name="__codelineno-29-44" href="#__codelineno-29-44"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组实现的栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">ArrayStack</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a> <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">stack</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-4" name="__codelineno-30-4" href="#__codelineno-30-4"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-30-5" name="__codelineno-30-5" href="#__codelineno-30-5"></a> <span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-6" name="__codelineno-30-6" href="#__codelineno-30-6"></a> <span class="c1">// 初始化列表（动态数组）</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-7" name="__codelineno-30-7" href="#__codelineno-30-7"></a> <span class="n">stack</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-8" name="__codelineno-30-8" href="#__codelineno-30-8"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-9" name="__codelineno-30-9" href="#__codelineno-30-9"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-30-10" name="__codelineno-30-10" href="#__codelineno-30-10"></a> <span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-11" name="__codelineno-30-11" href="#__codelineno-30-11"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-30-12" name="__codelineno-30-12" href="#__codelineno-30-12"></a> <span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-13" name="__codelineno-30-13" href="#__codelineno-30-13"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-14" name="__codelineno-30-14" href="#__codelineno-30-14"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-30-15" name="__codelineno-30-15" href="#__codelineno-30-15"></a> <span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-16" name="__codelineno-30-16" href="#__codelineno-30-16"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="nb">Bool</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-17" name="__codelineno-30-17" href="#__codelineno-30-17"></a> <span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">isEmpty</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-18" name="__codelineno-30-18" href="#__codelineno-30-18"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-19" name="__codelineno-30-19" href="#__codelineno-30-19"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-20" name="__codelineno-30-20" href="#__codelineno-30-20"></a> <span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-21" name="__codelineno-30-21" href="#__codelineno-30-21"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-22" name="__codelineno-30-22" href="#__codelineno-30-22"></a> <span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-23" name="__codelineno-30-23" href="#__codelineno-30-23"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-24" name="__codelineno-30-24" href="#__codelineno-30-24"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-30-25" name="__codelineno-30-25" href="#__codelineno-30-25"></a> <span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-26" name="__codelineno-30-26" href="#__codelineno-30-26"></a> <span class="p">@</span><span class="n">discardableResult</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-27" name="__codelineno-30-27" href="#__codelineno-30-27"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-28" name="__codelineno-30-28" href="#__codelineno-30-28"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-29" name="__codelineno-30-29" href="#__codelineno-30-29"></a> <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"栈为空"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-30" name="__codelineno-30-30" href="#__codelineno-30-30"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-31" name="__codelineno-30-31" href="#__codelineno-30-31"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">removeLast</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-32" name="__codelineno-30-32" href="#__codelineno-30-32"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-33" name="__codelineno-30-33" href="#__codelineno-30-33"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-30-34" name="__codelineno-30-34" href="#__codelineno-30-34"></a> <span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-35" name="__codelineno-30-35" href="#__codelineno-30-35"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-36" name="__codelineno-30-36" href="#__codelineno-30-36"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-30-37" name="__codelineno-30-37" href="#__codelineno-30-37"></a> <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"栈为空"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-30-38" name="__codelineno-30-38" href="#__codelineno-30-38"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-30-39" name="__codelineno-30-39" href="#__codelineno-30-39"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">last</span><span class="p">!</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-30-40" name="__codelineno-30-40" href="#__codelineno-30-40"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-41" name="__codelineno-30-41" href="#__codelineno-30-41"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-30-42" name="__codelineno-30-42" href="#__codelineno-30-42"></a> <span class="cm">/* 将 List 转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-43" name="__codelineno-30-43" href="#__codelineno-30-43"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-44" name="__codelineno-30-44" href="#__codelineno-30-44"></a> <span class="n">stack</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-45" name="__codelineno-30-45" href="#__codelineno-30-45"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-30-46" name="__codelineno-30-46" href="#__codelineno-30-46"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="c1">// 基于数组实现的栈</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayStack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-31-4" name="__codelineno-31-4" href="#__codelineno-31-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@This</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-31-5" name="__codelineno-31-5" href="#__codelineno-31-5"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-31-6" name="__codelineno-31-6" href="#__codelineno-31-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span>
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<a id="__codelineno-31-7" name="__codelineno-31-7" href="#__codelineno-31-7"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-31-8" name="__codelineno-31-8" href="#__codelineno-31-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 构造方法（分配内存+初始化栈）</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-31-9" name="__codelineno-31-9" href="#__codelineno-31-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-31-10" name="__codelineno-31-10" href="#__codelineno-31-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-31-11" name="__codelineno-31-11" href="#__codelineno-31-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-31-12" name="__codelineno-31-12" href="#__codelineno-31-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-31-13" name="__codelineno-31-13" href="#__codelineno-31-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-31-14" name="__codelineno-31-14" href="#__codelineno-31-14"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-31-15" name="__codelineno-31-15" href="#__codelineno-31-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 析构方法（释放内存）</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-31-16" name="__codelineno-31-16" href="#__codelineno-31-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-31-17" name="__codelineno-31-17" href="#__codelineno-31-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-31-18" name="__codelineno-31-18" href="#__codelineno-31-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-31-19" name="__codelineno-31-19" href="#__codelineno-31-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-31-20" name="__codelineno-31-20" href="#__codelineno-31-20"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-31-21" name="__codelineno-31-21" href="#__codelineno-31-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 获取栈的长度</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-31-22" name="__codelineno-31-22" href="#__codelineno-31-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-31-23" name="__codelineno-31-23" href="#__codelineno-31-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-31-24" name="__codelineno-31-24" href="#__codelineno-31-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-31-25" name="__codelineno-31-25" href="#__codelineno-31-25"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-31-26" name="__codelineno-31-26" href="#__codelineno-31-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 判断栈是否为空</span>
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|
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<a id="__codelineno-31-27" name="__codelineno-31-27" href="#__codelineno-31-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-31-28" name="__codelineno-31-28" href="#__codelineno-31-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-31-29" name="__codelineno-31-29" href="#__codelineno-31-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-31-30" name="__codelineno-31-30" href="#__codelineno-31-30"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-31-31" name="__codelineno-31-31" href="#__codelineno-31-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问栈顶元素</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-31-32" name="__codelineno-31-32" href="#__codelineno-31-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-31-33" name="__codelineno-31-33" href="#__codelineno-31-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"栈为空"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-31-34" name="__codelineno-31-34" href="#__codelineno-31-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-31-35" name="__codelineno-31-35" href="#__codelineno-31-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-31-36" name="__codelineno-31-36" href="#__codelineno-31-36"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-31-37" name="__codelineno-31-37" href="#__codelineno-31-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 入栈</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-31-38" name="__codelineno-31-38" href="#__codelineno-31-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-31-39" name="__codelineno-31-39" href="#__codelineno-31-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-31-40" name="__codelineno-31-40" href="#__codelineno-31-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-31-41" name="__codelineno-31-41" href="#__codelineno-31-41"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-31-42" name="__codelineno-31-42" href="#__codelineno-31-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 出栈</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-31-43" name="__codelineno-31-43" href="#__codelineno-31-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-31-44" name="__codelineno-31-44" href="#__codelineno-31-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-31-45" name="__codelineno-31-45" href="#__codelineno-31-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-31-46" name="__codelineno-31-46" href="#__codelineno-31-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-31-47" name="__codelineno-31-47" href="#__codelineno-31-47"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-31-48" name="__codelineno-31-48" href="#__codelineno-31-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 返回 ArrayList</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-31-49" name="__codelineno-31-49" href="#__codelineno-31-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-31-50" name="__codelineno-31-50" href="#__codelineno-31-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-31-51" name="__codelineno-31-51" href="#__codelineno-31-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-31-52" name="__codelineno-31-52" href="#__codelineno-31-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-31-53" name="__codelineno-31-53" href="#__codelineno-31-53"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组实现的栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ArrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stack</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayStack</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-32-6" name="__codelineno-32-6" href="#__codelineno-32-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-32-7" name="__codelineno-32-7" href="#__codelineno-32-7"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-32-8" name="__codelineno-32-8" href="#__codelineno-32-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-32-9" name="__codelineno-32-9" href="#__codelineno-32-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-32-10" name="__codelineno-32-10" href="#__codelineno-32-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-32-11" name="__codelineno-32-11" href="#__codelineno-32-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-32-12" name="__codelineno-32-12" href="#__codelineno-32-12"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-32-13" name="__codelineno-32-13" href="#__codelineno-32-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-32-14" name="__codelineno-32-14" href="#__codelineno-32-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-32-15" name="__codelineno-32-15" href="#__codelineno-32-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-32-16" name="__codelineno-32-16" href="#__codelineno-32-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-32-17" name="__codelineno-32-17" href="#__codelineno-32-17"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-32-18" name="__codelineno-32-18" href="#__codelineno-32-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-32-19" name="__codelineno-32-19" href="#__codelineno-32-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-32-20" name="__codelineno-32-20" href="#__codelineno-32-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-32-21" name="__codelineno-32-21" href="#__codelineno-32-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-32-22" name="__codelineno-32-22" href="#__codelineno-32-22"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-32-23" name="__codelineno-32-23" href="#__codelineno-32-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-32-24" name="__codelineno-32-24" href="#__codelineno-32-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-32-25" name="__codelineno-32-25" href="#__codelineno-32-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-32-26" name="__codelineno-32-26" href="#__codelineno-32-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"栈为空"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-32-27" name="__codelineno-32-27" href="#__codelineno-32-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-32-28" name="__codelineno-32-28" href="#__codelineno-32-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeLast</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-32-29" name="__codelineno-32-29" href="#__codelineno-32-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-32-30" name="__codelineno-32-30" href="#__codelineno-32-30"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-32-31" name="__codelineno-32-31" href="#__codelineno-32-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-32-32" name="__codelineno-32-32" href="#__codelineno-32-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-32-33" name="__codelineno-32-33" href="#__codelineno-32-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-32-34" name="__codelineno-32-34" href="#__codelineno-32-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"栈为空"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-32-35" name="__codelineno-32-35" href="#__codelineno-32-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-32-36" name="__codelineno-32-36" href="#__codelineno-32-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">last</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-32-37" name="__codelineno-32-37" href="#__codelineno-32-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-32-38" name="__codelineno-32-38" href="#__codelineno-32-38"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-32-39" name="__codelineno-32-39" href="#__codelineno-32-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 将栈转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-32-40" name="__codelineno-32-40" href="#__codelineno-32-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stack</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-32-41" name="__codelineno-32-41" href="#__codelineno-32-41"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<h2 id="513">5.1.3. 两种实现对比<a class="headerlink" href="#513" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
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<h3 id="_3">支持操作<a class="headerlink" href="#_3" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
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<p>两种实现都支持栈定义中的各项操作。数组实现额外支持随机访问，但这已超出了栈的定义范畴，因此一般不会用到。</p>
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<h3 id="_4">时间效率<a class="headerlink" href="#_4" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
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<p>在基于数组的实现中，入栈和出栈操作都是在预先分配好的连续内存中进行，具有很好的缓存本地性，因此效率较高。然而，如果入栈时超出数组容量，会触发扩容机制，导致该次入栈操作的时间复杂度变为 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span> 。</p>
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<p>在链表实现中，链表的扩容非常灵活，不存在上述数组扩容时效率降低的问题。但是，入栈操作需要初始化节点对象并修改指针，因此效率相对较低。不过，如果入栈元素本身就是节点对象，那么可以省去初始化步骤，从而提高效率。</p>
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<p>综上所述，当入栈与出栈操作的元素是基本数据类型（如 <code>int</code> , <code>double</code> ）时，我们可以得出以下结论：</p>
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<ul>
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<li>基于数组实现的栈在触发扩容时效率会降低，但由于扩容是低频操作，因此平均效率更高；</li>
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<li>基于链表实现的栈可以提供更加稳定的效率表现；</li>
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</ul>
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<h3 id="_5">空间效率<a class="headerlink" href="#_5" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
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<p>在初始化列表时，系统会为列表分配“初始容量”，该容量可能超过实际需求。并且，扩容机制通常是按照特定倍率（例如 2 倍）进行扩容，扩容后的容量也可能超出实际需求。因此，<strong>基于数组实现的栈可能造成一定的空间浪费</strong>。</p>
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<p>然而，由于链表节点需要额外存储指针，<strong>因此链表节点占用的空间相对较大</strong>。</p>
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<p>综上，我们不能简单地确定哪种实现更加节省内存，需要针对具体情况进行分析。</p>
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<h2 id="514">5.1.4. 栈典型应用<a class="headerlink" href="#514" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
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<ul>
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<li><strong>浏览器中的后退与前进、软件中的撤销与反撤销</strong>。每当我们打开新的网页，浏览器就会将上一个网页执行入栈，这样我们就可以通过「后退」操作回到上一页面。后退操作实际上是在执行出栈。如果要同时支持后退和前进，那么需要两个栈来配合实现。</li>
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<li><strong>程序内存管理</strong>。每次调用函数时，系统都会在栈顶添加一个栈帧，用于记录函数的上下文信息。在递归函数中，向下递推阶段会不断执行入栈操作，而向上回溯阶段则会执行出栈操作。</li>
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