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hello-algo/codes/dart/chapter_graph/graph_bfs.dart

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/**
* File: graph_bfs.dart
* Created Time: 2023-05-15
* Author: liuyuxin (gvenusleo@gmail.com)
*/
import 'dart:collection';
import '../utils/vertex.dart';
import 'graph_adjacency_list.dart';
/* 广度优先遍历 BFS */
List<Vertex> graphBFS(GraphAdjList graph, Vertex startVet) {
// 使用邻接表来表示图,以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点
// 顶点遍历序列
List<Vertex> res = [];
// 哈希表,用于记录已被访问过的顶点
Set<Vertex> visited = {};
visited.add(startVet);
// 队列用于实现 BFS
Queue<Vertex> que = Queue();
que.add(startVet);
// 以顶点 vet 为起点,循环直至访问完所有顶点
while (que.isNotEmpty) {
Vertex vet = que.removeFirst(); // 队首顶点出队
res.add(vet); // 记录访问顶点
// 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点
for (Vertex adjVet in graph.adjList[vet]!) {
if (visited.contains(adjVet)) {
continue; // 跳过已被访问的顶点
}
que.add(adjVet); // 只入队未访问的顶点
visited.add(adjVet); // 标记该顶点已被访问
}
}
// 返回顶点遍历序列
return res;
}
/* Dirver Code */
void main() {
/* 初始化无向图 */
List<Vertex> v = Vertex.valsToVets([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]);
List<List<Vertex>> edges = [
[v[0], v[1]],
[v[0], v[3]],
[v[1], v[2]],
[v[1], v[4]],
[v[2], v[5]],
[v[3], v[4]],
[v[3], v[6]],
[v[4], v[5]],
[v[4], v[7]],
[v[5], v[8]],
[v[6], v[7]],
[v[7], v[8]],
];
GraphAdjList graph = GraphAdjList(edges);
print("\n初始化后,图为");
graph.printAdjList();
/* 广度优先遍历 BFS */
List<Vertex> res = graphBFS(graph, v[0]);
print("\n广度优先遍历BFS顶点序列为");
print(Vertex.vetsToVals(res));
}