|
|
/**
|
|
|
* File: hash_map_open_addressing.cs
|
|
|
* Created Time: 2023-06-26
|
|
|
* Author: hpstory (hpstory1024@163.com)
|
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
|
|
namespace hello_algo.chapter_hashing;
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 开放寻址哈希表 */
|
|
|
class HashMapOpenAddressing {
|
|
|
int size; // 键值对数量
|
|
|
int capacity; // 哈希表容量
|
|
|
double loadThres; // 触发扩容的负载因子阈值
|
|
|
int extendRatio; // 扩容倍数
|
|
|
Pair[] buckets; // 桶数组
|
|
|
Pair removed; // 删除标记
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 构造方法 */
|
|
|
public HashMapOpenAddressing() {
|
|
|
size = 0;
|
|
|
capacity = 4;
|
|
|
loadThres = 2.0 / 3.0;
|
|
|
extendRatio = 2;
|
|
|
buckets = new Pair[capacity];
|
|
|
removed = new Pair(-1, "-1");
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 哈希函数 */
|
|
|
private int hashFunc(int key) {
|
|
|
return key % capacity;
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 负载因子 */
|
|
|
private double loadFactor() {
|
|
|
return (double)size / capacity;
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 查询操作 */
|
|
|
public string get(int key) {
|
|
|
int index = hashFunc(key);
|
|
|
// 线性探测,从 index 开始向后遍历
|
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < capacity; i++) {
|
|
|
// 计算桶索引,越过尾部返回头部
|
|
|
int j = (index + i) % capacity;
|
|
|
// 若遇到空桶,说明无此 key ,则返回 null
|
|
|
if (buckets[j] == null)
|
|
|
return null;
|
|
|
// 若遇到指定 key ,则返回对应 val
|
|
|
if (buckets[j].key == key && buckets[j] != removed)
|
|
|
return buckets[j].val;
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
return null;
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 添加操作 */
|
|
|
public void put(int key, string val) {
|
|
|
// 当负载因子超过阈值时,执行扩容
|
|
|
if (loadFactor() > loadThres) {
|
|
|
extend();
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
int index = hashFunc(key);
|
|
|
// 线性探测,从 index 开始向后遍历
|
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < capacity; i++) {
|
|
|
// 计算桶索引,越过尾部返回头部
|
|
|
int j = (index + i) % capacity;
|
|
|
// 若遇到空桶、或带有删除标记的桶,则将键值对放入该桶
|
|
|
if (buckets[j] == null || buckets[j] == removed) {
|
|
|
buckets[j] = new Pair(key, val);
|
|
|
size += 1;
|
|
|
return;
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
// 若遇到指定 key ,则更新对应 val
|
|
|
if (buckets[j].key == key) {
|
|
|
buckets[j].val = val;
|
|
|
return;
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 删除操作 */
|
|
|
public void remove(int key) {
|
|
|
int index = hashFunc(key);
|
|
|
// 线性探测,从 index 开始向后遍历
|
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < capacity; i++) {
|
|
|
// 计算桶索引,越过尾部返回头部
|
|
|
int j = (index + i) % capacity;
|
|
|
// 若遇到空桶,说明无此 key ,则直接返回
|
|
|
if (buckets[j] == null) {
|
|
|
return;
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
// 若遇到指定 key ,则标记删除并返回
|
|
|
if (buckets[j].key == key) {
|
|
|
buckets[j] = removed;
|
|
|
size -= 1;
|
|
|
return;
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 扩容哈希表 */
|
|
|
private void extend() {
|
|
|
// 暂存原哈希表
|
|
|
Pair[] bucketsTmp = buckets;
|
|
|
// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表
|
|
|
capacity *= extendRatio;
|
|
|
buckets = new Pair[capacity];
|
|
|
size = 0;
|
|
|
// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表
|
|
|
foreach (Pair pair in bucketsTmp) {
|
|
|
if (pair != null && pair != removed) {
|
|
|
put(pair.key, pair.val);
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 打印哈希表 */
|
|
|
public void print() {
|
|
|
foreach (Pair pair in buckets) {
|
|
|
if (pair != null) {
|
|
|
Console.WriteLine(pair.key + " -> " + pair.val);
|
|
|
} else {
|
|
|
Console.WriteLine("null");
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
public class hash_map_open_addressing {
|
|
|
[Test]
|
|
|
public void Test() {
|
|
|
/* 初始化哈希表 */
|
|
|
HashMapOpenAddressing map = new HashMapOpenAddressing();
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 添加操作 */
|
|
|
// 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
|
|
|
map.put(12836, "小哈");
|
|
|
map.put(15937, "小啰");
|
|
|
map.put(16750, "小算");
|
|
|
map.put(13276, "小法");
|
|
|
map.put(10583, "小鸭");
|
|
|
Console.WriteLine("\n添加完成后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value");
|
|
|
map.print();
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 查询操作 */
|
|
|
// 向哈希表输入键 key ,得到值 value
|
|
|
string name = map.get(13276);
|
|
|
Console.WriteLine("\n输入学号 13276 ,查询到姓名 " + name);
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 删除操作 */
|
|
|
// 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
|
|
|
map.remove(16750);
|
|
|
Console.WriteLine("\n删除 16750 后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value");
|
|
|
map.print();
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|