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hello-algo/codes/go/chapter_hashing/hash_map_open_addressing.go

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// File: hash_map_open_addressing.go
// Created Time: 2023-06-23
// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
package chapter_hashing
import (
"fmt"
"strconv"
)
/* 开放寻址哈希表 */
type hashMapOpenAddressing struct {
size int // 键值对数量
capacity int // 哈希表容量
loadThres float64 // 触发扩容的负载因子阈值
extendRatio int // 扩容倍数
buckets []pair // 桶数组
removed pair // 删除标记
}
/* 构造方法 */
func newHashMapOpenAddressing() *hashMapOpenAddressing {
buckets := make([]pair, 4)
return &hashMapOpenAddressing{
size: 0,
capacity: 4,
loadThres: 2.0 / 3.0,
extendRatio: 2,
buckets: buckets,
removed: pair{
key: -1,
val: "-1",
},
}
}
/* 哈希函数 */
func (m *hashMapOpenAddressing) hashFunc(key int) int {
return key % m.capacity
}
/* 负载因子 */
func (m *hashMapOpenAddressing) loadFactor() float64 {
return float64(m.size) / float64(m.capacity)
}
/* 查询操作 */
func (m *hashMapOpenAddressing) get(key int) string {
idx := m.hashFunc(key)
// 线性探测,从 index 开始向后遍历
for i := 0; i < m.capacity; i++ {
// 计算桶索引,越过尾部返回头部
j := (idx + 1) % m.capacity
// 若遇到空桶,说明无此 key ,则返回 null
if m.buckets[j] == (pair{}) {
return ""
}
// 若遇到指定 key ,则返回对应 val
if m.buckets[j].key == key && m.buckets[j] != m.removed {
return m.buckets[j].val
}
}
// 若未找到 key 则返回空字符串
return ""
}
/* 添加操作 */
func (m *hashMapOpenAddressing) put(key int, val string) {
// 当负载因子超过阈值时,执行扩容
if m.loadFactor() > m.loadThres {
m.extend()
}
idx := m.hashFunc(key)
// 线性探测,从 index 开始向后遍历
for i := 0; i < m.capacity; i++ {
// 计算桶索引,越过尾部返回头部
j := (idx + i) % m.capacity
// 若遇到空桶、或带有删除标记的桶,则将键值对放入该桶
if m.buckets[j] == (pair{}) || m.buckets[j] == m.removed {
m.buckets[j] = pair{
key: key,
val: val,
}
m.size += 1
return
}
// 若遇到指定 key ,则更新对应 val
if m.buckets[j].key == key {
m.buckets[j].val = val
}
}
}
/* 删除操作 */
func (m *hashMapOpenAddressing) remove(key int) {
idx := m.hashFunc(key)
// 遍历桶,从中删除键值对
// 线性探测,从 index 开始向后遍历
for i := 0; i < m.capacity; i++ {
// 计算桶索引,越过尾部返回头部
j := (idx + 1) % m.capacity
// 若遇到空桶,说明无此 key ,则直接返回
if m.buckets[j] == (pair{}) {
return
}
// 若遇到指定 key ,则标记删除并返回
if m.buckets[j].key == key {
m.buckets[j] = m.removed
m.size -= 1
}
}
}
/* 扩容哈希表 */
func (m *hashMapOpenAddressing) extend() {
// 暂存原哈希表
tmpBuckets := make([]pair, len(m.buckets))
copy(tmpBuckets, m.buckets)
// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表
m.capacity *= m.extendRatio
m.buckets = make([]pair, m.capacity)
m.size = 0
// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表
for _, p := range tmpBuckets {
if p != (pair{}) && p != m.removed {
m.put(p.key, p.val)
}
}
}
/* 打印哈希表 */
func (m *hashMapOpenAddressing) print() {
for _, p := range m.buckets {
if p != (pair{}) {
fmt.Println(strconv.Itoa(p.key) + " -> " + p.val)
} else {
fmt.Println("nil")
}
}
}