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hello-algo/zh-hant/codes/javascript/chapter_computational_compl.../recursion.js

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/**
* File: recursion.js
* Created Time: 2023-08-28
* Author: Gaofer Chou (gaofer-chou@qq.com)
*/
/* 遞迴 */
function recur(n) {
// 終止條件
if (n === 1) return 1;
// 遞:遞迴呼叫
const res = recur(n - 1);
// 迴:返回結果
return n + res;
}
/* 使用迭代模擬遞迴 */
function forLoopRecur(n) {
// 使用一個顯式的堆疊來模擬系統呼叫堆疊
const stack = [];
let res = 0;
// 遞:遞迴呼叫
for (let i = n; i > 0; i--) {
// 透過“入堆疊操作”模擬“遞”
stack.push(i);
}
// 迴:返回結果
while (stack.length) {
// 透過“出堆疊操作”模擬“迴”
res += stack.pop();
}
// res = 1+2+3+...+n
return res;
}
/* 尾遞迴 */
function tailRecur(n, res) {
// 終止條件
if (n === 0) return res;
// 尾遞迴呼叫
return tailRecur(n - 1, res + n);
}
/* 費波那契數列:遞迴 */
function fib(n) {
// 終止條件 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1
if (n === 1 || n === 2) return n - 1;
// 遞迴呼叫 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)
const res = fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2);
// 返回結果 f(n)
return res;
}
/* Driver Code */
const n = 5;
let res;
res = recur(n);
console.log(`遞迴函式的求和結果 res = ${res}`);
res = forLoopRecur(n);
console.log(`使用迭代模擬遞迴的求和結果 res = ${res}`);
res = tailRecur(n, 0);
console.log(`尾遞迴函式的求和結果 res = ${res}`);
res = fib(n);
console.log(`費波那契數列的第 ${n} 項為 ${res}`);