You can not select more than 25 topics
Topics must start with a letter or number, can include dashes ('-') and can be up to 35 characters long.
71 lines
1.5 KiB
71 lines
1.5 KiB
/**
|
|
* File: recursion.dart
|
|
* Created Time: 2023-08-27
|
|
* Author: liuyuxin (gvenusleo@gmail.com)
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
/* 递归 */
|
|
int recur(int n) {
|
|
// 终止条件
|
|
if (n == 1) return 1;
|
|
// 递:递归调用
|
|
int res = recur(n - 1);
|
|
// 归:返回结果
|
|
return n + res;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 使用迭代模拟递归 */
|
|
int forLoopRecur(int n) {
|
|
// 使用一个显式的栈来模拟系统调用栈
|
|
List<int> stack = [];
|
|
int res = 0;
|
|
// 递:递归调用
|
|
for (int i = n; i > 0; i--) {
|
|
// 通过“入栈操作”模拟“递”
|
|
stack.add(i);
|
|
}
|
|
// 归:返回结果
|
|
while (!stack.isEmpty) {
|
|
// 通过“出栈操作”模拟“归”
|
|
res += stack.removeLast();
|
|
}
|
|
// res = 1+2+3+...+n
|
|
return res;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 尾递归 */
|
|
int tailRecur(int n, int res) {
|
|
// 终止条件
|
|
if (n == 0) return res;
|
|
// 尾递归调用
|
|
return tailRecur(n - 1, res + n);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 斐波那契数列:递归 */
|
|
int fib(int n) {
|
|
// 终止条件 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1
|
|
if (n == 1 || n == 2) return n - 1;
|
|
// 递归调用 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)
|
|
int res = fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2);
|
|
// 返回结果 f(n)
|
|
return res;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Driver Code */
|
|
void main() {
|
|
int n = 5;
|
|
int res;
|
|
|
|
res = recur(n);
|
|
print("\n递归函数的求和结果 res = $res");
|
|
|
|
res = tailRecur(n, 0);
|
|
print("\n尾递归函数的求和结果 res = $res");
|
|
|
|
res = forLoopRecur(n);
|
|
print("\n使用迭代模拟递归求和结果 res = $res");
|
|
|
|
res = fib(n);
|
|
print("\n斐波那契数列的第 $n 项为 $res");
|
|
}
|